Bruunhamilton5510

This is the first study to report the ER protein quality control of non-enveloped RNA virus and reveals a novel mechanism by which CVB3 evades host ER quality control pathways through cleavage and degradation of the UPR target gene EDEM1, to ultimately benefit its own replication. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.The hierarchically structured core-shell magnetic mesoporous silica nanospheres (Mag-MSNs) have attracted extensive attention, particularly in the studies of reliable preparation methods of the multifunctional materials and the diverse applications of these nanomaterials across a wide range of multidisciplinary researches. These Mag-MSNs have been prepared with well-designed synthesis strategies and used as adsorbent materials, biomedicine and catalysis due to their excellent magnetic responsiveness, large specific surface area and readiness in their surface modification. The surface functionalization of the core-shell Mag-MSNs bridges the gap between heterogeneous and homogeneous phases and greatly extends the properties and application prospects of the materials. The introduction of various molecular matrices into the shell of Mag-MSNs enables the combination of functionalization and magnetic separation technology. In some cases, it is an important feature in the sustainable development process to recover the functionalized core-shell Mag-MSNs after the reaction and reuse them without losing activity. In this review, the design strategies and the construction of the core-shell Mag-MSNs are discussed. Various surface functionalization methods of core-shell Mag-MSNs are summarized and the latest applications of these functionalized nanomaterials in the fields of biomedicine, catalysis and wastewater treatment are demonstrated. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate the metabolic status of pregnant women by assessing metabolic biomarkers in participants in the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), a nationwide, multicenter, pregnancy and birth cohort. METHODS Pregnant women aged 14-50 years were studied in 15 centers across Japan. Clinical information was obtained using self-administered questionnaires. Blood samples were taken during the first two trimesters to measure metabolic biomarkers. Samples were divided into seven groups according to the weeks of pregnancy. RESULTS Among 82,972 pregnant women, 43 had only type 1 diabetes, 78 had only type 2 diabetes, 2,315 had only gestational diabetes and 354 had only dyslipidemia. HbA1c, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride across all the percentiles increased as pre-pregnancy body mass index increased, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels across all the percentiles decreased as body mass index increased. HbA1c was high in participants with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes only but not in those with gestational diabetes or hyperlipidemia only. Participants with type 2 diabetes or dyslipidemia only had high triglyceride in the first trimester, which then decreased in the second trimester. Participants with type 2 diabetes only also showed low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, while participants with dyslipidemia only showed high total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol throughout. CONCLUSION Metabolic biomarkers were affected by blood sample timing and underlying metabolic disease. The JECS will clarify the influences of metabolic status during pregnancy on the health and development of the offspring in future studies. selleck chemical This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.The high theoretical capacity of red phosphorus (RP) makes it a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries. However, the large volume change of RP during charging/discharging imposes an adverse effect on the cyclability and the rate performance suffers from its low conductivity. Herein, a facile solution-based strategy is exploited to incorporate phosphorus into the pores of zeolitic imidazole framework (ZIF-8) derived carbon hosts under a mild temperature. With this method, the blocky RP is etched into the form of polyphosphides anions (PP, mainly P5 - ) so that it can easily diffuse into the pores of porous carbon hosts. Especially, the indelible crystalline surface phosphorus can be effectively avoided, which usually generates in the conventional vapor-condensation encapsulation method. Moreover, highly-conductive ZIF-8 derived carbon hosts with any pore smaller than 3 nm are efficient for loading PP and these pores can alleviate the volume change well. Finally, the composite of phosphorus encapsulated into ZIF-8 derived porous carbon exhibits a significantly improved electrochemical performance as lithium-ion battery anode with a high capacity of 786 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g-1 , a good stability within 700 cycles at 1 A g-1 , and an excellent rate performance. © 2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Chromatin post-translational modifications are thought to be important for epigenetic effects on gene expression. Methylation of histone N-terminal tail lysine residues constitutes one of many such modifications, executed by families of Histone Lysine Methyltransferase (HKMTase). One such protein is ASHH2 from the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana, equipped with the interaction domain CW and the HKMTase domain, SET. The CW domain of ASHH2 is a selective binder of monomethylation at Lysine 4 on histone H3 (H3K4me1) and likely helps the enzyme dock correctly onto chromatin sites. The study of CW and related interaction domains have so far been emphasizing lock-key models, missing important aspects of histone-tail CW interactions. We here present an analysis of the ASHH2 CW-H3K4me1 complex using NMR and molecular dynamics, as well as mutation and affinity studies of flexible coils. β-augmentation and rearrangement of coils coincide with changes in the flexibility of the complex, in particular the η1, η3 and C-terminal coils, but also in the β1 and β2 strands and the C-terminal part of the ligand. Furthermore, we show that mutating residues with outlier dynamic behaviour affects the complex binding affinity despite these not being in direct contact with the ligand. Overall, the binding process is consistent with conformational selection. We propose that this binding mechanism presents an advantage when searching for the correct PTM state among the highly modified and flexible histone tails, and also that the binding shifts the catalytic SET domain towards the nucleosome. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.The preparation of high-quality perovskite films is important for achieving high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The effective balance between solvent and antisolvent is an essential factor for regulating high-quality perovskite film during the spin-coating and thermal-annealing steps. In this work, a greener, nonhalogenated, nontoxic bifunctional (anti)solvent, methyl benzoate (MB), is developed not only as an antisolvent to rapidly generate crystal seeds at the perovskite spin-coating step, but also as a digestive-ripening solvent for the perovskite precursors, which can prevent the loss of organic components during the thermal-annealing stage and effectively suppress the formation of miscellaneous lead halide phases. As a result, this novel bifunctional (anti)solvent is employed in planar n-i-p PSCs for engineering high-quality perovskite layers and thus achieving a power conversion efficiency up to 22.37% with negligible hysteresis and >1300 h stability. Moreover, due to the high boiling point and low-volatility characteristic of MB, high-performance PSCs are achieved reproducibly at different operating temperatures (22-34 °C). Therefore, this developed bifunctional solvent system can provide a promising platform toward globally upscaling and commercializing PSCs in all seasons and regions. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.The number of patients using cannabis for therapeutic purposes is growing worldwide. While research regarding the treatment of certain diseases/disorders with cannabis and cannabinoids is also expanding, only a few longitudinal studies have assessed the mid-term impacts of medical cannabis use on psychological variables and quality of life (QoL). The aim of the study was to assess the psychological safety and QoL of patients with chronic diseases who self-medicate with cannabis over time. We recruited patients with various chronic diseases who use cannabis and collected data regarding patterns of cannabis use as well as mental health, personality and QoL. Participants were followed-up at baseline, 4, 8 and 12 months. Hair analysis was conducted to confirm the presence of cannabinoids. Personality assessment showed a consistent decrease in self-transcendence and self-directedness scores. Neither cognitive nor psychopathological deterioration was found. There were also no variations in QoL. Mid-term use of medical cannabis seems to show adequate tolerability regarding cognitive and psychopathological abilities, and it may help patients with chronic diseases to maintain an acceptable QoL. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder. Several medical treatments, with varying degree of efficacy, have been developed. However, in most cases of advanced (HS), the definitive treatment option is often represented by surgical excisions. Surgical techniques, reconstructive approach, and local wound care should be accurately designed in order to obtain the best result. In this letter, we analyzed the possible surgical treatments and local wound care. A literature review was performed on the various surgical treatments, reconstructive techniques, and local wound care. Surgical treatment is a common therapeutic modality for HS. Different surgical reconstructive techniques and postsurgical wound care approaches are described for the management of HS patients. There were few high-quality evidence-based studies evaluating the surgical management of HS. Many disparate HS severity scores were used in these studies making comparison between them difficult. Nonetheless, research into different surgical approaches and wound care management has increased substantially in the past decade and has given patients more surgical therapeutic strategies. The description of the best combinations and timing of surgery, wound care and medical therapies, will be a matter of future research for the definition of the optimal management of HS patient. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.OBJECTIVES To report on relevant national surveillance systems of (N)CC and taeniasis (the infection with the adult tapeworm) in the European Union/European Economic Area, and to assess the magnitude of (N)CC occurrence by retrieving information on cases for the period 2000-2016. METHODS (N)CC cases were retrieved via national reporting systems, a systematic literature search, contact with clinicians, and a search for relevant "International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems" (ICD)-based data. RESULTS Mandatory notification systems for (N)CC were found in Hungary, Iceland and Poland. Ten cases were reported in Poland and none in Hungary and Iceland. Through the systematic literature review and information given by clinicians, 263 individual and 721 aggregated (N)CC cases from 19 European countries were identified. ICD-based data were obtained from five countries. From 2000 to 2016, a total of 3,489 cases (N)CC cases were coded 832 in Italy, 8 in Latvia, 357 in Portugal, 2116 in Spain and 176 in Sweden.