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The objective of this review is to chart the evidence relating to food security among African Canadian communities to inform future research and offer insight related to food security in African Canadian communities.

Achieving food security is of global importance in the attainment of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. As a social determinant of health, food security, which refers to the unrestricted physical, economic, and timely access to safe and nutritious foods, impacts over four million Canadians. Yet, little is known about food security and the differential impacts of food insecurity among African Canadians. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/SB-743921.html This scoping review sought to describe the current state of food security among African Canadians.

Sources were considered for inclusion if they met the eligibility criteria outlined in the a priori protocol. Specifically, sources were considered if they i) focused on Canada, ii) involved African Canadians, and iii) examined food security. No restrictions were placed on date ofer research in rural communities, in other provinces and territories, as well as with younger and older participants. Lastly, the urgent need to collect race-disaggregated data in Canada is evident.

This review begins to fill a gap in understanding the current evidence available on food security as it impacts African Canadians. The findings of this review represent existing research, describing the type of evidence available and methodologies used, before suggesting implications for research and practice. The inclusion of only five studies reveals the limited evidence regarding the current state of food security among African Canadians. Further, included studies were exclusively conducted in urban settings; predominantly in one province. There is a need for further research in rural communities, in other provinces and territories, as well as with younger and older participants. Lastly, the urgent need to collect race-disaggregated data in Canada is evident.

The objectives of this review is to aggregate and synthesize experiences of Indigenous peoples in Canada when receiving primary health care services; differentiate experiences from services provided in urban versus rural or remote settings; and identify recommendations to enhance quality of primary health care provision.

Primary health care plays a crucial role in overall population health and health equity. In Canada, Indigenous peoples continue to face disproportionate health disparities. Survey and qualitative studies on the experiences of Indigenous populations with primary health care services reveal alarming findings of inadequate health care access, racial discrimination, negligence, and cultural insensitivities. However, these studies do not entirely assess the primary care and essential public health functions component. This protocol will be the first qualitative systematic review to thoroughly synthesize Indigenous peoples' overall primary health care experiences across all Canada, in both rural and urban settings.

The population of interest is self-identified Indigenous peoples, who have first- and/or second-hand experience receiving primary health care services in Canada, regardless of their age, gender, or medical condition. Our focus is on patients' experiences in contexts where primary health care services are delivered in Canada. Only qualitative studies in English or French will be considered.

MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Web of Science will be used as information sources in addition to Google Scholar, Bielefeld Academic Search Engine, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, and other relevant organization websites. Two independent reviewers will perform the screening, critical appraisal, and data extraction of selected articles. Results will then be synthesized using the meta-aggregation approach.

PROSPERO CRD42020192353.

PROSPERO CRD42020192353.

The objective of this scoping review was to examine and map the evidence relating to the reporting and evaluation of technologies for the prevention and detection of falls in adult hospital inpatients.

Falls are a common cause of accidental injury, leading to a significant safety issues in hospitals globally, and resulting in substantial human and economic costs. Previous research has focused on community settings with less emphasis on hospital settings to date.

Participants included adult inpatients, aged 18 years and over; the concept included the use of fall-prevention or detection technologies; the context included any hospital ward setting.

This scoping review was conducted according to JBI methodology for scoping reviews, guided by an a priori protocol. A wide selection of databases including MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, Embase, PEDro, Epistimonikos, and Science Direct were searched for records from inception to October 2019. Other sources included gray literature, trial registers, government health dies.

The objective of this study was to validate a Spanish version of the Prolapse and Incontinence Knowledge Questionnaire (PIKQ).

Validation and reliability testing of the Spanish version of the PIKQ was conducted in 2 phases. In the first phase, a translation-back-translation method by 6 bilingual researchers was utilized to generate a final Spanish translation. In the second phase, bilingual women were randomized to complete the Spanish or English version first, followed by the alternate language. Agreement between individual items from English and Spanish versions was assessed by percent agreement and κ statistics. Intraclass correlation coefficients compared overall PIKQ scores and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and urinary incontinence (UI) subscores. To establish test-retest reliability, we calculated Pearson correlation coefficients. In order to have a precision of 10% for 90% agreement, so that the lower 95% confidence interval would not be less than 80% agreement, 50 bilingual participants were required.

Fifty-seven bilingual women were randomized and completed both versions of the PIKQ. Individual items showed 74%-97% agreement, good to excellent agreement (κ = 0.6-0.89) for 9 items and moderate agreement (κ = 0.4-0.59) for 14 items between English and Spanish PIKQ versions. Intraclass correlation coefficients of the overall score and POP and UI subscores showed excellent agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.81-0.91). Pearson correlation coefficients between initial and repeat Spanish scores were high overall (r = 0.87) and for POP (r = 0.81) and UI subscores (r = 0.77).

A valid and reliable Spanish version of the PIKQ has been developed to assess patient knowledge about UI and POP.

A valid and reliable Spanish version of the PIKQ has been developed to assess patient knowledge about UI and POP.