Brownbernstein3058

By unloading of the reference electrode, it is of great convenience to design a novel photoelectrochemical microfluidic chip based on the two-EPCS, which has also been successfully applied for antioxidant capacity assay. It is satisfactory that comparable detection concentration range and sensitivity were accomplished by applying the microfluidic chip technique. Moreover, the two-EPCS is verified to be a universal platform which does not depend on selected optoelectronic materials but pervasive for general photocatalysts. Such a two-EPCS should be considered as a feasible alternative to the three-EPCS, which will become a promising candidate for industrial and commercial photoelectrochemical sensing instrument integrations in the future.An immobilization-free electrochemical impedance biosensor for microRNA detection was developed in this work, which was based on both the duplex-specific nuclease assisted target recycling (DSNATR) and capture probes (Cps) enriched from the solution to electrode surface via magnetic beads (MBs). In the absence of miR-21, Cps cannot be hydrolyzed due to the low activity of duplex-specific nuclease (DSN) against ssDNA. Therefore, the intact Cps could be attached to the surface of magnetic glass carbon electrode (MGCE), resulting in a compact negatively charged layer as well as a large charge-transfer resistance. While in the presence of miR-21, it hybridized with Cp to form a DNA-RNA heteroduplex. Due to the considerable cleavage preference for DNA in DNA-RNA hybrids, DSN hydrolyzed the target-binding part of the Cp while liberating the intact miR-21 to hybridize with a new Cp and initiate the second cycle of hydrolysis. In this way, a single miR-21 was able to trigger the permanent hydrolysis of multiple Cps. Finally, all Cps were digested. Thus, the negatively charged layer could not be formed, resulting in a small charge-transfer resistance. By employing the above strategy, the proposed biosensor achieved ultrahigh sensitivity toward miR-21 with a detection limit of 60aM. Meanwhile, the method showed little cross-hybridization among the closely related miRNA family members even at the single-base-mismatched level. Successful attempts were made in applying the approach to detect miR-21 in human serum samples of breast cancer patients.An ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple quadrupole electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS) method was developed for analyzing and identifying the constituents of 11 compounds including berberine, epiberberine, berberrubine, jatrorrhizine, coptisine, palmatine, evodiamine, rutaecarpine, limonin, paeoniflorin and albiflorin in Wuji pill (WJ pill), a traditional Chinese medicine. The chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column and the mobile phase was composed of water (0.1% formic acid and 2 mmol ammonium acetate) and methanol with a linear gradient elution. The detection was performed by multiple reaction monitoring mode, using electrospray ionization in the positive ion mode. The total run time was 14 min. The calibration curves were linear with all correlation coefficients higher than 0.9987 in the tested range. The intra- and interday precisions were no more than 4.9%, and the average recoveries were from 92.4 to 107.8% with the relative standard deviations no more than 7.8%. The developed method was successfully employed to analyze five batches of WJ pill samples. This is the first time to establish a method for the quality control of WJ pill to ensure the safety and efficacy in clinical applications effectively.This work was concerned with development, optimization, application and validation of reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and thin layer chromatography (TLC)-densitometric methods for analysis of cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorocresol and lidocaine in Canyon(®) gel. The first developed RP-HPLC method depended on chromatographic separation on a ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C8 column, with elution with a mobile phase consisting of 0.05% phosphoric acid solution acetonitrile methanol (15 24 61, by volume), pumping the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.00 mL min(-1), with ultraviolet detection at 220 nm. While in the subsequently developed method, the TLC-densitometric method, complete separation of the studied mixture was achieved using methanol acetone acetic acid (7 3 0.2, by volume) as a mobile phase, aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60 F254 as a stationary phase and 215 nm as the scanning wavelength. Factors affecting the developed methods were studied and optimized; moreover, methods had been validated as per the International Conference of Harmonization guideline and the results indicated that the suggested methods were reproducible, reliable and applicable for rapid routine analysis. Statistical comparison of the two developed methods with the reported HPLC ones using F- and Student's t tests showed no significant difference.A sensitive, selective and rapid liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method has been developed for the quantification of the novel transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) inhibitor SB-505124 in rat plasma and then validated. Plasma samples were prepared by simple protein precipitation. Separation was performed on a Diamonsil ODS chromatography column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile and 0.1% (v/v) aqueous formic acid. SB-505124 and the internal standard doxorubicin were detected in the positive ion mode using multiple reaction monitoring of the transitions at m/z 336.2→320.1 and 544.2→397.2, respectively. Calibration curve was linear (r>0.9996) over a concentration range of 10-5000 ng/mL with the lower quantification limit of 10 ng/mL. Both intra- and inter-day precision were within 6.5% and trueness were not more than 3.1%. Extraction recovery and matrix effect were within acceptable limits. Stability tests showed that SB-505124 and the IS remained stable throughout the analytical procedure. The validated LC-MS/MS method was then used to analyze the pharmacokinetics of SB-505124 administered to rats intravenously (8 mg/kg) or orally (10 mg/kg). Oral bioavailability of SB-505124 was calculated as 76.4%, indicating the potential of SB-505124 as an orally administered drug.Tripterygium wilfordii tablet (TWT) and Tripterygium hypoglaucum tablet (THT), the preparations of the two Tripterygium herbs, are well known for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other related inflammatory diseases clinically. In the present study, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (QQQ/MS) method was developed for simultaneous quantification of 12 chemical components in Tripterygium preparations. The fragmentation patterns of analytes using ESI and collision-induced dissociation (CID) techniques were reported. This assay method was validated with respect to linearity (r(2)>0.9991), precision, repeatability, and accuracy (recovery rate between 97.2 and 104.2%). The proposed method was successfully applied for simultaneous quantification of the 12 compounds in Tripterygium preparations from the different manufactures. In addition, to evaluate the quality of Tripterygium preparations, partial least square discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) was performed to differentiate the contents of 12 compounds. In conclusion, the established HPLC/QQQ/MS method was proven to be useful and efficient for quality control of Tripterygium preparations.

To determine whether initial body mass index for age (zBMI) and internalizing symptoms predict longitudinal changes in zBMI and internalizing symptoms-and the extent to which sex and race moderate these relations. 

Participants included 12,674 (51% male) youth from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class 1998-1999. Data were collected in kindergarten, 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 8th grades. Teacher-reported internalizing symptoms were measured with the Social Rating Scale. 

Internalizing symptoms followed a quadratic growth trajectory, with initial low levels of symptoms that gradually increased over time and eventually leveled. zBMI followed a piecewise growth trajectory, with a transition in slope at 1st grade. Interactions emerged between zBMI and internalizing symptoms for White males. 

Associations between internalizing symptoms and BMI begin in early childhood for White males, and changes in zBMI are a function of the interactive effect of initial levels of internalizing difficulties and adiposity status.

Associations between internalizing symptoms and BMI begin in early childhood for White males, and changes in zBMI are a function of the interactive effect of initial levels of internalizing difficulties and adiposity status.Potentially traumatic events are common occurrences that can lead to significant psychological distress, and yet, there has been remarkably little attention to the associations between traumatic events and youth's physical health. The articles contained in this Special Issue of the Journal of Pediatric Psychology represent a significant step forward in the establishment of "Trauma and Child Health" as a major area of study within the field of pediatric psychology. In this introductory article, we briefly describe several contextual issues that may help to set the stage for the articles contained in this Special Issue. see more These contextual issues include the most common types of traumatic events that are studied, as well as the features of traumatic events that may affect physical and mental health outcomes, such as whether casualties or interpersonal violence is involved.

We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the influence of race and ethnicity on clinical pregnancy and live birth outcomes after in vitro fertilization (IVF).

We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, POPLINE, and Cochrane Central, and hand-searched relevant articles published through July 22, 2015.

Two reviewers independently evaluated abstracts to identify studies that compared clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates for ≥2 racial and/or ethnic groups after nondonor IVF cycles.

Twenty-four studies were included. All 5 US registry-based studies showed that black, Hispanic, and Asian women had lower clinical pregnancy rates and/or live birth rates after IVF, compared with white women. Similarly, most clinic-specific studies reported significant disparities in these primary outcomes, potentially attributable to differences in infertility diagnosis, spontaneous abortion, and obesity. Studies varied with respect to definitions of race/ethnicity, inclusion of first cycles vs multiple cycles for individual women, and collected covariates. Most studies were limited by sample size, inadequate adjustment for confounding, selection bias, and extensive missing data.

Although current evidence points to race and ethnicity, especially black race, as strong predictors of poorer outcomes after IVF, the utility of results is constrained by the limitations described.

Although current evidence points to race and ethnicity, especially black race, as strong predictors of poorer outcomes after IVF, the utility of results is constrained by the limitations described.