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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication

Medications can be a valuable tool to help manage anxiety symptoms. Psychiatrists have extensive training in the use of drugs and are able to make appropriate prescriptions that will minimize side effects.

The typical treatment for anxiety disorders is three-pronged, and includes psychotherapy, exercise and medication. SSRIs are the first-choice medication for treating anxiety, but they can take up to a week for them to be effective.

SSRIs

Most anxiety disorders can be treated with SSRIs. The newer SSRIs are less likely to cause adverse effects than tricyclics older than tricyclics as well as monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants. A variety of SSRIs are FDA-approved to treat generalized anxiety disorder. These include fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paroxetine (aka Paxil) and sertraline (aka Zoloft), and citalopram (aka Celexa).

These drugs boost serotonin levels in the brain. They may also help to increase norepinephrine as well as BDNF. They can be employed in combination with psychotherapy or on their own. SSRIs can cause nausea or digestive issues, but these side effects typically subside when the body is accustomed to the medication.

The precise mechanism through which SSRIs work for anxiety is not understood fully. However it is believed they block the reuptake of serotonin by the post-synaptic nerve and increase the concentration of serotonin in the synaptic gap. This increases the amount of signals that cross the synapse, which it also reduces anxiety symptoms.

SSRIs can decrease anxiety and increase the frequency of panic attacks. They also can help with depression and other mental health disorders which often co-occur with anxiety disorders. They can be combined with psychotherapy or cognitive behavior therapy to improve their effectiveness.

Contrary to other classes of antidepressants SSRIs do not appear to be addictive. However, it is essential to follow your prescriptions of your doctor. If you stop taking your medication suddenly, this can cause "discontinuation syndrome" and a return of anxiety-related symptoms.

If SSRIs aren't for you, your doctor might look into a different kind of antidepressant, such as nefazodone or mirtazapine. These medications are also effective, but carry more risk of having side effects than the newer SSRIs.

SSRIs can interact with certain foods, including red meat, eggs dairy, some vegetables and fruits. If you are taking these drugs it is a wise idea to avoid these foods. Additionally it is generally advised that you do not drink alcohol while taking SSRIs as it may increase the severity of some adverse effects.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines increase the calming effects of certain chemical substances within the nervous system and brain. They work by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter called Gamma-aminobutyric Acid (GABA) that inhibits the activity of nerves. These drugs are effective in treating insomnia, anxiety disorders and other psychological disorders. However they can also be addictive and should only be used for short durations of time under medical supervision. Benzos can be dangerous when used for recreational purposes or mixed with other drugs, including alcohol.

When someone is suffering from anxiety disorders, they often turn to medication as their first choice. However, this is not the only option. Psychotherapy or talk therapy has also been proven to be an effective method to decrease anxiety disorder symptoms. There are a myriad of psychotherapies, however cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most popular and effective. This kind of psychotherapy teaches you how to change your behavior and thoughts to make you less anxious as often.

Alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, clorazepate and quazepam are the most commonly used benzodiazepines. Each of them has a distinct set of side effects, although they all share similar pharmacological properties. Clorazepate, for instance is more effective at treating seizure disorders than other benzodiazepines. Lorazepam on the contrary, is more effective in treating anxiety disorders as compared to quazepam.





Although benzodiazepines can be very effective, they are not recommended for long-term use as they can cause physical dependence and tolerance. In addition, they can cause withdrawal symptoms in the event that you stop taking them abruptly, such as sweating, a heart beating and shaking. The symptoms can be extremely uncomfortable and last for a long time but they can be slowed down by slowly tapering off the medication.

Benzodiazepines are extremely addictive and should only be used for a short time, usually not more than 4 weeks. During this time, you will need to closely monitor your blood pressure and heart rate so that you don't have a severe withdrawal reaction. If you're thinking about taking a benzodiazepine prescription consult your physician about your history of abuse.

Beta-blockers

Beta-blockers are employed to treat anxiety-related issues. They stop adrenaline from binding to beta receptors in your nervous system, which stops the hormone from triggering physical responses like heart palpitations and tremors. These medications are usually prescribed to treat high blood pressure and other cardiovascular issues. However, they can be prescribed off-label to treat anxiety.

When you are anxious, your body produces a chemical dubbed adrenaline that signals the body to prepare for fight or flight. Adrenaline is a beta receptor that is found in the brain and the heart and causes your heart to beat faster and causing other physical reactions. Beta-blockers are a class medication that treat hypertension and other heart ailments. They are able to block adrenaline's binding actions. severe anxiety disorder helps to lower your heart rate and blood pressure.

Beta-blockers work quickly, unlike SSRIs or benzodiazepines which can require a long time to show a difference in symptoms. This makes them an excellent option for people who need immediate relief from their anxiety symptoms like those who need to deliver a speech in public or travel on a plane. They can also be a great option for those suffering from anxiety and chronic heart conditions such as atherosclerosis and congestive heart failure.

Beta-blockers may reduce physical symptoms of anxiety but they don't address the underlying causes. They are only prescribed as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes lifestyle modifications and counseling. They are beneficial for those who have tried medication for anxiety and found it ineffective or had intolerable side effects.

Propranolol and atenolol as well as other beta-blockers are available. Your doctor will determine the best beta-blocker for you according to your medical history and current health status. These medications may cause adverse effects, such as low blood pressure or fatigue. It is crucial to discuss treatment options with your physician.

MAOIs

Monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) were developed in the 1950s as an antidepressant, are effective for certain anxiety and depression disorders. They aren't as widely utilized as SSRIs or other antidepressants because of the strict dietary restrictions needed as well as the risk of interactions with other drugs. Some MAOIs are taken orally in tablet form, while others (such as Emsam) come in the form of a transdermal patch that's applied to the skin each day.

MAOIs block the action of MAO and increase the amount of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters play a part in sleep, mood and appetite as in sexual function as well. MAOIs have an anti-anxiety effect. They are more likely than TCAs or SSRIs to trigger side effects and carry warnings about suicide.

In addition to the MAOIs listed below your doctor may prescribe other medications or treatments that can help you manage your symptoms. For example, a beta-blocker (such as propranolol) is usually prescribed to relieve the physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor might suggest a relaxation technique or other home remedies to ease your symptoms.

The first MAOI, Iproniazid, was discovered during tuberculosis research in 1952. It was soon discovered to have mood-elevating properties and is believed to be the first antidepressant medication. Typically, MAOIs can only be employed when other antidepressants fail to work, as they may cause serious adverse reactions that require immediate medical attention.

If you take an MAOI and consume foods containing the chemical tyramine that is found that is found in many red meats, cheeses, shellfish, fish, as well as some dietary supplements, it could trigger an unintentional reaction that results in high blood pressure. The symptoms of this serious reaction include nausea, throbbing headaches vomiting, and a rapid heart rate. MAOIs may also interact with other medications and trigger extreme side effects, such as suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

Your doctor will discuss your diet needs with you prior to prescribing MAOIs. The doctor will advise you to stay clear of eating food items that contain tyramine when you are taking the medication. They might also provide you with an inventory of food that is safe to eat when taking MAOIs. This food guide can help to avoid MAOI-related symptoms.