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0%). Aerobic cultures have revealed the growth colonies of

(42.5%),

(22.5%),

(12.5%),

(10.0%),

(5.0%),

(2.5%),

(2.5%), and

(2.5%). Two mixed bacterial growths were observed in non-inflammatory lesions, while four mixed bacterial growths were found in inflammatory lesions.

Differences in bacterial isolates were observed both in non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions of AV.

Differences in bacterial isolates were observed both in non-inflammatory and inflammatory lesions of AV.

Few studies have considered the interplay between commuting mode and air pollution on obesity. The aim of this study was to examine whether workplace air pollutants exposure modifying the associations between different commuting mode and obesity.

A cross-sectional study of workers in Beijing was conducted in 2016. The study sample comprised 10,524 participants aged 18 to 65 years old. Outcomes were defined as overall obesity (BMI≥ 28 kg/m

) and abdominal obesity (WC ≥ 85 cm in men and WC ≥ 80 cm in women). Commuting modes were divided into walking, cycling, bus, subway, and car or taxi. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios relating commuting mode to overall and abdominal obesity and stratified by gender, controlling for covariates.

The association between commuting mode and obesity was more strongly in men than women. In the fully adjusted models, compared with car or taxi commuters, cycling (men OR=0.37, 95% CI=0.20 to 0.68) or bus (men OR=0.58, 95% CI=0.36 to 0.94) counterpartng men. Air pollutants do not obscure the benefits of active or public commuting for obesity. These associations support the policy for increasing active or public commuting as a strategy to reduce the prevalence of obesity.

This study was designed to use in vivo and in vitro approaches to evaluate puerarin in diabetes-induced renal injury.

SD rats were divided into NC (normal control), Model (diabetic induced renal injury model), SP-L (model rats treated with low-dose standard puerarin), SP-M (model rats treated with middle-dose standard puerarin), and SP-H (model rats treated with high-dose standard puerarin) groups. We evaluated fasting blood-glucose (FBG), urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), body weight, and kidney index (KI) in the different groups. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 concentrations were measured using Elisa assays. HE staining and TUNEL assays were used to evaluate pathology and apoptosis in kidney tissues, respectively. Relative gene and protein expression was measured using RT-qPCR and Western blot assays. Apoptosis was measured using flow cytometry. The correlation between miRNA-145-5p and TLR4 was assessed using dual-luciferase reporter gene assays.

The pathology and apoptosis cell number were deteriorate in Model group; TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 concentrations, FGB, UACR and KI were increased and body weight was depressed; meanwhile, relative gene and proteins expressions (miRNA-145-5p, TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB p65) were significantly different in Model group in vivo and vitro study compared with NC group. SP treatment significantly improved the pathology and apoptosis levels in the tissues, as well as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 concentrations, FGB, UACR, body weight, and KI. In vitro cell studies revealed that SP could prevent renal injury induced by diabetes through the miRNA-145-5p/TLR4 axis.

SP prevents diabetes-induced renal damage via miRNA-145-5p overexpression and reduces TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB (p65) pathway activation in vitro and in vivo.

SP prevents diabetes-induced renal damage via miRNA-145-5p overexpression and reduces TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB (p65) pathway activation in vitro and in vivo.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients show a significant derangement in various hematological parameters including changes affecting the red blood cells (RBCs). All these derangements have an imposing effect on any of the RBC indices. Thus, the main aim of this study was determining the RBCs parameters and their correlation with renal function, and also the magnitude of anemia in DM patients in comparison with healthy controls.

A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at the chronic illness clinic of University of Gondar Hospital from January to April 2020. A total of 246 participants (164 DM and 82 controls) were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. Five milliliters venous blood was collected by vacutainer blood collection technique. RBC parameters and renal function tests were determined by using Sysmex KX21N and BS-200E Mindray analyzers, respectively. The data were tested for normality using Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov-Sm treated periodically in DM patients for better prognosis and quality of life.

The mean values of RBC parameters (RBC, Hgb, Hct, and MCV) for DM patients were found significantly lower than the control groups. Besides a significant negative correlation was found between Cr and RBC indices (RBC, Hgb, Hct, and MCV) in DM patients. It is, therefore, suggested that RBC parameters abnormalities should be evaluated and treated periodically in DM patients for better prognosis and quality of life.

Acute myocardial injury and heart failure characterized by elevated cardiac troponin and decreased heart pump function are significant clinical features and prognostic factors of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio is an indicator of insulin resistance. This study aimed to explore the association of the TG/HDL-C ratio with cardiovascular risk and prognosis in COVID-19.

Ninety-eight laboratory-confirmed patients with COVID-19 admitted in a tertiary teaching hospital in Wuhan, China, were enrolled in this retrospective study. Regression models were used to investigate the association between TG/HDL-C ratio with myocardial injury, heart failure, severity, and mortality in COVID-19.

Among the 98 patients, the mean age was 63.9±1.4 years, and male sex (58, 59%) was predominant. Forty-six patients (47%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), 32 (33%) and 46 (47%) patients suffered from myocardial injury and heart failure, respectiveatio was independently associated with myocardial injury, heart failure, disease severity, and mortality in patients with COVID-19, and it may be a useful marker for early identification of patients with high risk and poor outcome.

Previous studies have reported that patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a higher incidence of cognitive decline and an increased risk of developing all types of dementia. The aim was to elucidate the association between serum human epididymal protein 4 and cognitive function in patients with DM.

Serum levels of HE4 were measured in 205 patients with DM. All DM patients were followed up for a median period of 48 months (range=5-49) prospectively. Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of serum HE4 for predicting cognitive decline (end point).

Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that serum HE4 was independently associated with MOCA score after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, current smoker, current drinker, admission systolic and diastolic BP, CVD history and laboratory measurements in patients with DM at baseline (Sβ= -0.120; 95% CI, -0.151- -0.069;

<0.001). The multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed that serum HE4 (HR=2.408, 95% CI 1.669-5.238,

<0.001) was an independent prognostic factor for cognitive decline in these DM patients.

Our results showed that serum HE4 was significantly and independently associated with cognitive decline and had independent predictive value for cognitive decline in patients with DM. Serum HE4 might enable early recognition of senile dementia among DM patients.

Our results showed that serum HE4 was significantly and independently associated with cognitive decline and had independent predictive value for cognitive decline in patients with DM. Serum HE4 might enable early recognition of senile dementia among DM patients.

In sub-Saharan Africa, out-of-pocket expenditures constitute approximately 40% of total healthcare expenditures, imposing huge financial burdens on the poor. To tackle the effects of out-of-pocket payment for healthcare services, Ethiopia has been focusing on implementation and expansion of a community-based health insurance (CBHI) program since 2011. This study assessed willingness to pay for CBHI scheme and associated factors among rural communities in Gemmachis district, eastern Ethiopia.

Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 446 randomly selected participants in Gemmachis district from April 1 to April 30, 2019. Data were collected from participants using pretested structured questionnaires through face-to-face interview. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 24. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with willingness to pay for CBHI.

A total of 440 (98.7%) participants were invoay for CBHI scheme. Education, occupation, wealth status, illness in the last one year, knowledge about CBHI and access to healthcare facility were factors significantly associated with willingness to pay for CBHI. If the scheme is to serve as a means to provide access to health service, the premium for membership should be tailored and customized by individual socioeconomic factors.

is a highly invasive fungus, causing fatal mycosis in patients with or without HIV in Southeast and Eastern Asia. However, its presence in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus is rarely reported.

We reported two SLE patients infected by

and reviewed other patients reported in the English literature. All cases were pooled for analysis.

Eleven patients with SLE infected with

infection were identified, including the two presented here. Three were male and eight were female; all were HIV negative. find more All the patients, except two where data were missing, had received immunosuppressants before

infection. The main clinical features included fever, cough, lymph node enlargement, gastrointestinal symptoms, and rash. Five patients were misdiagnosed as having SLE exacerbation.

was detected via culture or histopathologic analysis, with the fungus most commonly found in the blood. Seven of the 11 patients were successfully treated by timely antifungal therapy with concomitant SLE control, while four patients who did not receive antifungal therapy died.

infection should be excluded when SLE patients, especially if on long-term immunosuppressants, present withfever, cough, lymph node enlargement, gastrointestinal symptoms, and rash. Controlling the lupus and timely antifungal treatment can improve the outcomes ofSLE patients with

infection.

T. marneffei infection should be excluded when SLE patients, especially if on long-term immunosuppressants, present with fever, cough, lymph node enlargement, gastrointestinal symptoms, and rash. Controlling the lupus and timely antifungal treatment can improve the outcomes of SLE patients with T. marneffei infection.

The emerging of the novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China, since the time declared as a public health emergency of international concern, its impact on the lives of people is negatively substantial. Despite the vulnerability of all ages from the pandemic, evidence showed that elder people are at high-risk for adverse outcomes from coronavirus disease-19. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of high-risk age groups to coronavirus disease-19 prevention and control in Korem district, Tigray, Ethiopia.

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among high-risk age groups from April 2 to May 9/2020 in Korem district, Tigray, Ethiopia. A total of 422 study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. The collected data were entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 22.0 for analysis. Multivariable analysis was done using linear regression after checking collinearity, and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.