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Coronavirus disease is primarily transmitted through the respiratory route and bodily contact. The fatality in COVID-19 cases was alarming in the initial days. This study analyzes hematological and biochemical markers of COVID-19 non-survivors



In this single-center study, records of 249 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were studied for hematological profile and biochemical markers. Records of patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 disease hospitalized between April 14, 2020, to August 15, 2020, were included in the analysis.

Significantly, the disease mortality was associated with increased procalcitonin (

<0.05), C-reactive protein (

<0.05), aspartate transaminase (

<0.05), serum potassium (

<0.05), neutrophils count (

<0.05), white blood cell count (

<0.05), prothrombin time (

<0.05) and activated prothrombin time (

<0.05) in patients reported abnormal x-ray findings. Further, patients with abnormal radiological findings significantly showed a reduced level ofn the initial admission phase. In COVID-19 patients, we recommend close monitoring on procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, neutrophils count, and white blood cell count as a clinical indicator for potential progression to critical illness.

In Punjab, first COVID-19 case was detected on March 5, 2020 followed by multiple clusters. Understanding the epidemiology of reported COVID-19 cases helps decision makers in planning future responses. We described the epidemiological patterns, laboratory surveillance and contact tracing of COVID-19 cases in Punjab.

We analysed state's COVID-19 data from March-May 2020 to describe time, place and person distribution. We analysed the laboratory surveillance and contact tracing reports to calculate frequency of testing, sample positivity rate (PR) and contacts traced per case.

A total of 2256 cases were reported from March-May 2020 (attack rate 75 cases/million and case fatality rate 2%). Attack rate was higher among males (81 cases/million males) and maximum affected age group was 60-69 years (164∙5 cases/million). Five of 22 districts reported almost half cases in May's first week. Mortality rate was highest among individuals >60 years (six deaths/million) and males (two deaths/million males). Of 45 deaths, 41 reported comorbidities [(hypertension (42%), diabetes (40%)]. COVID-19 testing increased from 46 samples/day (PR 2%) in March's first week to 4000 samples/day (PR 2∙5%) by May's end (2752 tests/million). Amritsar conducted 2035 tests/million (highest PR 6∙5%) while Barnala conducted 4158 tests/million (lowest PR 1%). For 2256 cases, 19,432 contacts were traced (nine contacts/case) with 11% positivity rate.

COVID-19 in Punjab mostly affected males, >60 years of age and individuals with comorbid conditions. Many districts with less testing and contact tracing had higher positivity rate. We recommended to implement and ensure adequate testing and contact tracing in all the districts of Punjab.

60 years of age and individuals with comorbid conditions. Many districts with less testing and contact tracing had higher positivity rate. We recommended to implement and ensure adequate testing and contact tracing in all the districts of Punjab.

Health Care Workers (HCWs) are at higher risk for Covid19. Sero-surveillance among HCWs using IgG antibodies can add further value to the scientific findings.

To estimate seropositivity among HCWs and to correlate it with various factors affecting seropositivity.

Population based large scale sero-surveillance among HCWs was carried out during second half of August'20 in Ahmedabad using "Covid-Kavach" IgG Antibody Detection ELISA kits. Seropositivity among HCWs was estimated and compared with various demographic & other factors to understand their infection & immunity status. Proportions and Z-test were used as appropriate.

As on August'20, Seropositivity among HCWs from Ahmedabad is 23.65% (95% Confidence Interval 21.70-25.73%). Seropositivity of 25.98% (95%CI 23.47-28.66) among female HCWs is significantly higher than 19.48% (95%CI 16.53-22.80) among male HCWs. The zone wise positivity among HCWs closely correlate with cases reported from the respective zone. The sero-positivity among HCWs frn also indicates the possibility of reducing IgG seropositivity, which necessitates further in-depth scientific research to generate greater scientific evidences.

Recent evidence suggested that the higher titers of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody from convalescent plasma donors contributed to the clinical improvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. However, the titers of

-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies varied in each individual, and the precise factors that might govern such variation have not been elucidated.

To assess the factors associated with high titers of

-SARS-CoV-2 antibody among COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) donors.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia. Information of interest including demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory findings, and the titers of

-SARS-CoV-2 antibody among COVID-19 CCP donors were collected. The correlation was assessed using multiple logistic regression.

A total of 50 COVID-19 CCP donors with the titers of

-SARS-CoV-2 antibody of more than 1320 and 33 donors with the titers of lOur current findings may be used as the additional baseline criteria for selecting the donors of CCP for the management of COVID-19.The magnitude of the stimulus to the biological clock will depend upon the distribution of circadian phototransduction circuits across the retinae and the spatial distribution of luminous stimuli in the environment. The present study compared nocturnal melatonin suppression for light exposures to the superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal retina in one eye independent of shading from the brow and the nose. The stimulus was a 40° diameter luminous disc, half of which was blue light (LED, λpeak = 470 nm) and the other amber light (LED, λpeak = 590 nm). Experimentally, the orientation of the bipartite disc was rotated to each of the four cardinal points of the visual field. A full, 40° blue disc was also employed by replacing the amber half-disc with another blue half-disc. The blue full- and half-discs always produced 100 photopic lx at the cornea. this website As hypothesized, nocturnal melatonin suppression was statistically greatest when the blue half-disc was delivered to the nasal hemi-field (35%); the other three hemi-fields were equally affected by the blue half-disc (≈20%).