Bockharvey8341

The addition of bone marrow stem cell therapy to the use of external fixation may have contributed to the healing observed radiographically 24 days after administration; therefore, bone marrow stem cell therapy, in addition to traditional surgical fracture reduction and stabilization, may be a promising therapeutic approach for avian cases with similar injuries and bone anatomy. However, as this is a single case, this therapeutic modality deserves further application and study. Moreover, we suggest modifications in the bone marrow stem cell collection and therapy, which may be useful for future studies and application involving birds.Pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes are commonly used for the positioning of birds for radiography and securing bandages. The effect of 5 common tapes on feather structure was investigated with before-and-after comparisons. Each tape demonstrated a characteristic pattern of damage to the feather vane that involved separation of barbules and/or tearing of barbs. Tapes with rigid backing materials and strong adhesives were more likely to cause tearing and barbule separation, respectively, whereas flexible tapes with limited adhesion to feathers were more successful in securing feathers without causing irreparable damage. Consideration should be given to the appropriate selection of tape applied to the feathers of birds to prevent iatrogenic damage to their plumage.Radiograph imaging is an important diagnostic tool for assessing cardiac size in avian patients. The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalis), once on the United States Federal List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants, is now a thriving species in the United States. However, there is surprisingly little information regarding bald eagle cardiac reference values obtained through radiographic imaging for use in assessment of cardiac disease in this species. This study was performed to establish reference values of cardiac size in the bald eagle. Ventrodorsal radiographic images were taken from 9 healthy birds obtained from a raptor rehabilitation facility. Cardiac silhouette width to thorax width, cardiac silhouette width to sternum width, cardiac silhouette width to hepatic silhouette width, and cardiac silhouette width to coracoid width were obtained. Ratios were calculated between the respective areas measured. The results showed that the cardiac silhouette averages 44%-52% of the thoracic width, 71%-86% of the sternal width, 94%-117% of the width of the hepatic silhouette, and 500%-920% of the coracoid width. In the individuals studied there was a strong correlation between cardiac silhouette width to thoracic and sternal width whereas cardiac width with hepatic and coracoid widths had a moderate to weak correlation respectively. The values obtained in this study can be used to radiographically assess the cardiac size of bald eagles, thus aiding in the diagnosis of cardiomegaly in this species.The etiologic disease organism responsible for causing mycobacteriosis in avian species is an acid-fast gram-positive bacterium. This bacterium causes granulomatous disease in various internal organs, but in cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) it has been commonly identified within the conjunctival tissues. Twenty-six cases of mycobacterial conjunctivitis in cockatiels were diagnosed through histopathologic assessment of diseased tissue samples, Fite acid-fast staining, and polymerase chain reaction in this retrospective study. Clinicians who saw these cases were contacted, and information was obtained regarding recommended treatment protocols prescribed for the patients, the Mycobacterium species identified, and case outcomes. All patients in this retrospective study had a biopsy performed on the affected conjunctival tissue, and because of the small size of the patients, this excisional biopsy removed the affected tissue in its entirety or significantly debulked the lesion. Of the 26 cases, 10 were lost to follow-up, 4 were euthanatized, 7 died, and 5 were alive at the time this information was submitted for publication.The objective of this study was to evaluate whether blood glucose, packed cell volume, and total protein are effective diagnostic tests to predict short-term (48 h following admittance to a veterinary hospital) prognosis for wild birds with traumatic injuries. learn more The cohort study conducted for this investigation took place at the Jivdaya Charitable Trust in Ahmedabad, India, over a 7-d period, at the time of the International Kite Flying Festival of Uttarayan. A small blood sample was collected from every avian patient prior to surgical treatment and immediately analyzed. Patient outcome was reviewed and recorded at the end of a 48-h period following admittance to the veterinary hospital. Statistical analysis revealed no significant correlations between blood glucose levels (P = .24), packed cell volume (P = .80), or total protein levels (P = .47) outside the reference intervals and short-term outcome of the patients. There is a lack of evidence regarding the use of these diagnostic tests to ascertain short-term prognosis in avian species. While research has been conducted on avian wound healing, studies fail to identify any correlation between duration of injury and patient outcome. Despite a lack of statistically significant results from this study, the findings should not be dismissed and could be used as a basis for future studies on this subject.The aim of this study was to compare the effects of isoflurane (ISO) and sevoflurane (SEVO) inhalation anesthesia on the cardiovascular system of the common buzzard (Buteo buteo). Fourteen common buzzards of unknown sex and age, weighing 700-900 g each, were used for the study. The buzzards were randomly divided into an ISO group and a SEVO group, each comprising 7 buzzards. The buzzards were then anesthetized by masked induction with either ISO or SEVO. After induction, all buzzards were intubated with a 2.5-mm-diameter uncuffed endotracheal tube. Anesthesia was maintained with 3% ISO or 4% SEVO in a 3 L/min flow of 100% oxygen. Before induction, immediately after induction, and at intervals of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 min after the patients were induced, the heart rate, respiratory rate, and body temperature of the buzzards were recorded. In addition, before and during anesthesia, serum electrolytes (sodium, ionized calcium, and potassium), blood gas measurements (arterial pH, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, arterial partial pressure of oxygen, bicarbonate concentration, and oxyhemoglobin saturation), and hematocrit values were evaluated in the blood samples taken from both the ISO and SEVO groups.