Bockeriksson3782
Diachasmimorpha longicaudata is the most used braconid in biological control programs for Tephritidae fruit flies worldwide. The aim of this work was to assess the functional response and preference of this parasitoid to larvae of Ceratitis capitata and Anastrepha fraterculus, in different densities of hosts. The functional response of females of D. longicaudata was assessed, independently, in two hosts (third instar larvae of C. capitata or A. fraterculus), in seven densities 1, 3, 5, 10, 25, 35 or 55 larvae of fruit flies per one female of parasitoid exposed in unit of artificial parasitism, for three hours, in at least 20 repetitions. The species showed a Type III functional response regardless of the density of host larvae, in both species, indicating that they are feasible hosts for multiplication of the parasitoid, under the conditions tested. The number of individuals parasitized and the percentage of female emergence were superior in A. fraterculus, when compared to C. capitata. Parasitism in field and progeny of female parasitoids can be incremented using larvae of A. fraterculus in the rearing of D. longicaudata.The understanding of the mechanisms that affect oil production in carbonaceous reservoirs has become increasingly necessary, particularly in limestone, which mostly features oil wettability properties that diminishes petroleum recovery. The objective of this work was to investigate the ability of anionic surfactant (coconut oil derived soap) to adsorb in limestone in order to promote wettability change. The finite-bath technique was employed with changes in temperature, mass of adsorbent material (limestone), contact time and surfactant concentration. Contact angle and zeta potential measurements were also made. The surfactant could be significantly adsorbed on the rock, possibly due to ions that are charged oppositely to the species on the rock surface. A temperature rise from 30 °C to 50 °C was unfavourable to the adsorption capacity. The oil-wettable in-natura limestone had its wettability reduced after the treatment with surfactant. The zeta potential measurements showed that electrostatic attractions play an important role in the adsorption process.Due to the reduction of the jaguar population, the formation of somatic cell cryobanks represents an interesting tool for its conservation. Nevertheless, the success of these cryobanks depends on the cryoprotectants used in cryopreservation. We evaluated the effects of the intracellular cryoprotectants (10% dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO; 10% ethylene glycol, EG) in the absence or presence of an extracellular cryoprotectant (0.2 M sucrose, SUC) on the morphology, confluence, viability, and metabolism of somatic cells derived from five jaguars belonging to Brazilian zoos. The morphology was presented in a descriptive manner, while the confluence, viability and metabolic activity were presented as means and compared using statistical tests. Non-cryopreserved cells were used as control and compared to frozen/thawed cells using cryoprotectants. No difference was observed for the morphology and confluence among non-cryopreserved and cryopreserved cells, regardless of the cryoprotectants. Only cryopreserved cells in EG (45.8%±12.9) had a reduction in their viability when compared to non-cryopreserved cells (97.8%±1.1). Only cryopreserved cells in DMSO with SUC (76.0%±2.7) or absence of SUC (77.0%±3.7) maintained their metabolic activity after thawing, when compared to non-cryopreserved cells (100.0%±6.7). Therefore, combinations of DMSO in the absence and presence of SUC were efficient in the cryopreservation of somatic cells of jaguars.This paper adapts Hamiltonian Monte Carlo methods for application in log-symmetric autoregressive conditional duration models. These recent models are based on a class of log-symmetric distributions. In this class, it is possible to model both median and skewness of the duration time distribution. We use the Bayesian approach to estimate the model parameters of some log-symmetric autoregressive conditional duration models and evaluate their performance using a Monte Carlo simulation study. The usefulness of the estimation methodology is demonstrated by analyzing a high frequency financial data set from the German DAX of 2016.
This study aims to analyze inter-judge reliability by measuring a few temporal parameters of swallowing using a specific software.
Six databases that include the results of reliability tests performed in prior studies by the present research group were employed. The datasets were obtained using the same measurement method and include data obtained based on puree (level 3) consistency and liquid (level 0) consistency according to the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative. In this study, the reliabilities corresponding to the total oral transit time (TOTT), initiation of the pharyngeal response time (PRT), and the pharyngeal transit time (PTT) were measured using the same software; the evaluations performed by a single rater for all datasets were used as the benchmark, and evaluations performed by new raters for each dataset were also included. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) with a 95% confidence interval was employed.
A total of 244 videofluoroscopic swallowing study images were analyzed. In all analyses, the ICCs were >0,75 and showed excellent agreement between the senior and junior raters. The TOTT for level 3 showed ICCs from 0.936 to 1.000 and that for level 0 showed ICCs from 0.997 to 1.000. Further, the PRT showed ICCs from 0.916 to 1.000 for level 3 and from 0.978 to 1.000 for level 0. The PTT showed ICCs from 0.848 to 1.000 for level 3 and from 0.984 to 1.000 for level 0.
The reliabilities obtained using this specific software for the TOTT, PRT, and PTT showed excellent agreement.
The reliabilities obtained using this specific software for the TOTT, PRT, and PTT showed excellent agreement.
To characterize the masticatory function of the elderly and to compare total amount of time, masticatory strokes and total mastication score among the elderly and young adults.
It is an observational, cross-sectional and analytical study. A total of 50 individuals participated, 25 elderly (mean age 66 years) and 25 young adults (mean age 22 years). The evaluation of mastication was performed by standardized filming of the usual mastication of a wheat flour biscuit. The masticatory type (alternated bilateral, simultaneous bilateral, preferential unilateral, chronic and anterior), masticatory score, total masticatory time and the total number of masticatory strokes were verified and compared between the elderly and young adults.
The predominant masticatory pattern in the young adults was the alternated bilateral mastication (52%), while, in the elderly, the simultaneous bilateral mastication predominated (48%). The use of dental prostheses had a significant influence on the total mastication score; elderly presented greater masticatory time and greater amount of masticatory strokes; however, the total masticatory score was lower for this group.
The use of dental prosthesis has a significant influence on masticatory function. When compared to young adults, the elderly had a greater amount of time and masticatory strokes and a lower total mastication score.
The use of dental prosthesis has a significant influence on masticatory function. When compared to young adults, the elderly had a greater amount of time and masticatory strokes and a lower total mastication score.
To evaluate the agreement among instruments of the quantitative evaluation of hard palate.
This cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of 30 children aged 6 to 11 from Santa Maria, Southern Brazil. The instruments for palate measurements evaluated were digital caliper, used directly in the oral cavity and in plaster casts, Korkhaus tridimensional bow, used directly in the oral cavity and in plaster casts, and Dolphin Imaging Software used for measurements in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The agreement among different instruments was evaluated using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC).
The means of all transversal dimensions obtained by cone-beam computed tomography were lower than those of the other instruments - the agreement values in the width between the canines and in the width between the first molars were lower when comparing the cone-beam computed tomography and the other instruments. In the width between the first and second premolars, all comparisons showed acceptable agreement values. Good concordance values were obtained when comparing the palate depth at the second premolar region when using a bow divider inside the oral cavity and in the cast.
Most instruments presented satisfactory agreement in the measurements related to the transverse plane of the hard palate. OG-L002 However, when the vertical plane was evaluated, only the bow divider applied to both cast and oral cavity presented ideal agreement.
Most instruments presented satisfactory agreement in the measurements related to the transverse plane of the hard palate. However, when the vertical plane was evaluated, only the bow divider applied to both cast and oral cavity presented ideal agreement.
To analyze the singing voice handicap index in elderly choristers and verify its relationship with the profile, habits and health conditions of the participants.
110 individuals aged 60 years or older, participating in amateur choirs, were included. Choir singers were interviewed in order to verify data such as age, time in choir singing, vocal classification, and the presence of habits and health conditions adverse to voice production. Subsequently, they answered the questionnaire "Singing Voice Handicap Index (SVHI)", which assesses the individual's self-perception in relation to experiences in the use of the singing voice.
The SVHI score had a median of 25, with a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 86. The most scored items were related to physical aspects in the use of singing voice "I am unable to use my 'high voice'" (Q10) and "My throat is dry when I sing"(Q13). It was found that older adults over 75 years of age had a greater voice handicap when compared to younger ones (p=0.020). Choir singers classified as contralto also had a higher SVHI score (p=0.023), as well as individuals who reported drinking little water (p=0.007).
The choristers in this study presented a singing voice handicap index compatible with healthy singing voices. When verifying the relationship of the SVHI score with the characteristics of the participants and with respect to habits and health conditions, it was found that the elderly choir singers over 75 years old, the contralto choir singers, and those who claimed to drink little water had higher scores for the singing voice handicap.
The choristers in this study presented a singing voice handicap index compatible with healthy singing voices. When verifying the relationship of the SVHI score with the characteristics of the participants and with respect to habits and health conditions, it was found that the elderly choir singers over 75 years old, the contralto choir singers, and those who claimed to drink little water had higher scores for the singing voice handicap.
