Birkhendriksen2538

This research seeks to identify climate-sensitive infectious diseases of concern with a present and future likelihood of increased occurrence in the geographically vulnerable Torres Strait Islands, Australia. The objective is to contribute evidence to the need for adequate climate change responses.

Case data of infectious diseases with proven, potential and speculative climate sensitivity were compiled.

Five climate-sensitive diseases in the Torres Strait and Cape York region were identified as of concern tuberculosis, dengue, Ross River virus, melioidosis and nontuberculous mycobacterial infection. selleck inhibitor The region constitutes 0.52% of Queensland's population but has a disproportionately high proportion of the state's cases 20.4% of melioidosis, 2.4% of tuberculosis and 2.1% of dengue.

The Indigenous Torres Strait Islander peoples intend to remain living on their traditional country long-term, yet climate change brings risks of both direct and indirect human health impacts. Implications for public health Climate-sensitive infections pose a disproportionate burden and ongoing risk to Torres Strait Islander peoples. Addressing the causes of climate change is the responsibility of various agencies in parallel with direct action to minimise or prevent infections. All efforts should privilege Torres Strait Islander peoples' voices to self-determine response actions.

The Indigenous Torres Strait Islander peoples intend to remain living on their traditional country long-term, yet climate change brings risks of both direct and indirect human health impacts. Implications for public health Climate-sensitive infections pose a disproportionate burden and ongoing risk to Torres Strait Islander peoples. Addressing the causes of climate change is the responsibility of various agencies in parallel with direct action to minimise or prevent infections. All efforts should privilege Torres Strait Islander peoples' voices to self-determine response actions.When a population experiences severe stress from a changing environment, evolution by natural selection can prevent its extinction, a process dubbed "evolutionary rescue." However, evolution may be unable to track the sort of rapid environmental change being experienced by many modern-day populations. A potential solution is for organisms to respond to environmental change through phenotypic plasticity, which can buffer populations against change and thereby buy time for evolutionary rescue. In this review, we examine whether this process extends to situations in which the environmentally induced response is passed to offspring. As we describe, theoretical and empirical studies suggest that such "transgenerational plasticity" can increase population persistence. We discuss the implications of this process for conservation biology, outline potential limitations, and describe some applications. Generally, transgenerational plasticity may be effective at buying time for evolutionary rescue to occur.

This study aimed to examine the cumulative experience of peri-device leak (PDL) closure following left atrial appendage (LAA) closure.

The management of PDL following LAA closure remains controversial. While PDL closure has been proposed, procedural features and clinical outcomes have not been well established.

A systematic review of all published cases of PDL closure with available anatomical, procedural, and clinical outcomes was performed.

We identified 18 indexed publications and 110 cases between April 2013 and March 2020. 71 patients (mean age 72 ± 8 yrs), met study criteria and were included. PDL closure was most common in males, bilobar LAA morphology, and after Watchman procedures. The mean PDL size was 7.6 ± 5.8 mm (range 2-26 mm). Leaks were classified according to size small (<5 mm; 45%), moderate (≥5-9 mm; 25%), and large (≥10 mm; 30%). Endovascular coils and endovascular plugs were used to close both small and moderate sized leaks, and second LAA closure devices were exclusively used for large PDLs. Successful PDL closure occurred in 90%, and was similar between PDL sizes and types of occluder used. Procedural complication rates were uncommon (2.8%). No strokes were reported following PDL closure at 6 months.

In patients with PDL for whom discontinuation of OAC may be considered unsafe, percutaneous closure using a tailored approach with either endovascular coils, plugs, or second occluder represents a safe, and feasible alternative associated with favorable clinical outcomes.

In patients with PDL for whom discontinuation of OAC may be considered unsafe, percutaneous closure using a tailored approach with either endovascular coils, plugs, or second occluder represents a safe, and feasible alternative associated with favorable clinical outcomes.

We investigated the correlation between optical surface imaging using a three-dimensional (3D) scanner and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for suggesting feasibility in the clinical process of tracking volume changes in head and neck patients during radiation treatment.

Ten patients were divided into two groups depending on the location of their tumor (i.e., right or left side). With weekly imaging data, the change in volume based on MRI was evaluated during the treatment course. Four volumes of interest (VOIs) were calculated on the 3D surface image of the facial and cervical areas using an optical 3D scanner, and the correlation between volumetric parameters were analyzed.

The target volume changed significantly overall for both groups. The changes parotid volume reduced by up to 3.8% and 28.0% for groups A (right side) and B (left side), respectively. In Group A, VOI 1 on the facial area and VOI 3 on the cervical area decreased gradually during the treatment course by up to 3.3% and 10.7%, respectively. In Group B, only VOI 4 decreased gradually during the treatment course and reduced by up to 9.2%. In group A, the change in target volume correlated strongly with right-side parotid, VOI 1, and VOI 3, respectively. The parotid also showed strong correlations with VOIs (P<0.01). The weight loss was strongly correlated with either PTV or parotid without statistical significance (P>0.05). In group B (left side), the change in target volume correlated strongly with each volumetric parameter, including weight loss. For individual patient, PTV showed more correlation with VOIs on the cervical area than VOIs on the facial area.

An optical 3D scanner can be applied to track changes in volume without radiation exposure during treatment and the optical surface image correlated with MRI.

An optical 3D scanner can be applied to track changes in volume without radiation exposure during treatment and the optical surface image correlated with MRI.