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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication

The use of medications is a fantastic way to treat anxiety-related symptoms. Psychiatrists are educated in the use and prescription of medication. They can prescribe the right medication to reduce the risk of side effects.

Typical anxiety disorder treatment is three-pronged and consists of psychotherapy, exercise and medications. SSRIs, the first option of medication to treat anxiety, can take up to several weeks to be effective.

SSRIs

Most anxiety disorders are treated with SSRIs. The newer SSRIs are less likely to trigger adverse effects than tricyclics older than tricyclics as well as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants. Several SSRIs have been approved by the FDA to treat generalized anxiety disorder . They include fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paraxetine, (aka Paxil), and sertraline, (aka Zoloft), as and citalopram (aka Celexa).

These drugs increase serotonin levels in the brain. They can also aid in the increase of norepinephrine and BDNF. They can be used in conjunction with psychotherapy, or by themselves. SSRIs may cause nausea and digestive issues, however these side effects typically subside as the body gets used to the medication.

The exact mechanism by which SSRIs help with anxiety isn't fully understood. It is believed that SSRIs hinder serotonin reuptake by post-synaptic neurons and increase the amount of serotonin that is present in the synaptic gaps. This increases the amount of signaling across the synapse, and it also reduces anxiety symptoms.

In addition to decreasing anxiety, SSRIs may reduce the frequency and intensity of panic attacks. They can also be used to treat depression and other mental illnesses that are often associated with anxiety disorders. They can be combined with cognitive behavior therapy or psychotherapy to improve their effectiveness.

In contrast to other classes of antidepressants SSRIs do not appear to be addictive. However, it is crucial to follow the prescriptions of your doctor exactly. If you stop taking your medication suddenly, this can cause "discontinuation syndrome" and a return of anxiety symptoms.

If SSRIs aren't suitable for you, your doctor might consider a different type of antidepressants, such as mirtazapine or nefazodone. These drugs can also be effective, however they are more prone to the chance of causing adverse reactions than the more recent SSRIs.

SSRIs can interact with certain foods, including red meat, eggs, dairy, and some vegetables and fruits. It is recommended to stay clear of these foods if you are taking these medications. It is also advised to avoid drinking alcohol when you are taking SSRIs, as this can cause some adverse effects.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines increase the calming effect of certain chemicals in the nervous system and brain. They work by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) which inhibits the nerves' activity. These medications can be very effective in treating insomnia, anxiety and other psychological disorders. They can be addictive and should only be used for brief periods under medical supervision. They can be harmful when used for recreational purposes, or mixed with alcohol and other substances.

When people have anxiety disorders, they usually turn to medication as their first choice. However it's not the only option. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, has been shown to help reduce anxiety-related symptoms. There are a myriad of psychotherapies, but cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is the most well-known and effective. This type of therapy teaches you to alter your thinking and behavior so that you feel less anxious.

The most popular benzodiazepines include alprazolam (Xanax) and chlordiazepoxide (Librium), diazepam (Valium) Clorazepate (Tranxene) as well as lorazepam (Ativan) and the quazepam (Dalmane). They all share the same pharmacological properties, but each has its own unique side effects and pharmacological profile. For instance, clorazepate can be more effective in treating seizure disorders than the other benzodiazepines. Likewise, lorazepam is more effective for treating anxiety disorders than quazepam.

Benzodiazepines can be very effective, however they should not be used for long periods of time because they can cause physical dependence and tolerance. In addition, they may cause withdrawal symptoms in the event that you stop taking them abruptly, such as a pounding heart, sweating and shaking. The symptoms can be extremely uncomfortable and last for weeks, but they can be minimized by slowly tapering off the medication.





Benzodiazepines are extremely addictive and should be used only for a limited period of time. Most often, it is not more than four weeks. You should be monitoring your heart rate, blood pressure and breathing closely during this period to ensure that you do not have a severe reaction. If you're considering getting a prescription for benzodiazepine, talk to your doctor about your past history of substance abuse.

Beta-blockers

Beta-blockers are an type of medication that helps to alleviate anxiety symptoms. These medications prevent adrenaline from binding with beta receptors within your nervous system. This prevents the hormone creating physical reactions, such as heart tremors or palpitations. These medications are typically used to treat high blood pressure and other conditions of the cardiovascular system however, they can also be prescribed off-label in the case of anxiety.

When you are feeling anxious, your body releases a chemical known as Adrenaline. This chemical signals your body to prepare itself to fight or flee. Adrenaline binds with beta receptors in the brain and heart and causes your heart rate to increase and can trigger other physical reactions. Beta-blockers are class medications used to treat hypertension, and other heart-related conditions. They are able to block adrenaline's binding. This assists in lowering your heart rate and blood pressure.

Beta-blockers work quickly, unlike SSRIs or benzodiazepines which can require weeks or even months to show an improvement in symptoms. They are a good option for those who need immediate relief from anxiety-related symptoms. For instance, people who must give an address to the public or travel in an airplane. They can also be a great option for those suffering from anxiety and chronic heart conditions, such as atherosclerosis or congestive heart failure.

Beta-blockers may reduce physical symptoms of anxiety, but they don't address the root causes. They are therefore only prescribed as part of an overall treatment plan that incorporates lifestyle modifications and counseling. However, they can be an option for those who have tried other medications for anxiety but haven't found them to be effective or to cause unacceptable side effects.

Propranolol and atenolol as well as other beta-blockers are also available. Your doctor will decide the best beta-blocker for you, based on your medical history and current health status. These medications can trigger side effects such as low blood pressure or fatigue. It is essential to discuss treatment options with your physician.

MAOIs

The first MAOIs were developed in the 1950s. monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are effective antidepressants that can treat anxiety and depression disorders. However, they're not used as frequently as SSRIs or other antidepressants due the need for strict diet restrictions and risks of drug interactions. Some MAOIs are in tablet form and are taken orally, while others (such Emsam) are applied as a transdermal skin patch.

MAOIs inhibit the action of MAO which increases the amount of serotonin as well as norepinephrine in the brain. These neurotransmitters play a role in mood, sleep and appetite, as also in sexual function. MAOIs have an anti-anxiety effect. However they are more likely to cause side effects than TCAs and SSRIs and are accompanied by warnings on suicide in a box.

In addition to the MAOIs listed below your doctor may prescribe other treatments or medications to help manage your symptoms. For instance, a beta-blocker (such as propranolol) is usually prescribed to alleviate physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor may suggest a relaxation technique or other treatments at home to ease your symptoms.

The first MAOI, Iproniazid, was discovered during research into tuberculosis in 1952. It was quickly discovered to be a mood-enhancing drug and is considered the original antidepressant drug. Generally, MAOIs are only used when other antidepressants do not work, as they may cause serious adverse reactions that require immediate medical attention.

If you take an MAOI and consume foods that contain Tyramine, a chemical found in many cheeses, red meats, fish, shellfish, and some nutritional supplements, it could trigger an unintentional reaction that results in high blood pressure. Symptoms of this severe reaction include nausea, throbbing headaches, vomiting, and fast heart rate. MAOIs may also interact with other medications and trigger severe side effects, such as suicidal thoughts and behavior.

Before prescribing MAOIs, your physician will talk with you about the foods you should avoid. The doctor will advise you to avoid eating foods that contain tyramine while taking the medication. He or she will also provide a list of food that are safe to eat when taking MAOIs. Using this food guide can help you avoid MAOI-related side effects.