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1 (0.8)). The presence of IR in patients with RA was associated with obesity (OR 6.01, 95% CI 1.9 to 8.7), higher cumulative DAS28-CRP values during follow-up (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 6.0), and higher interleukin-1β levels (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.4). The second model showed that the risk of IR increased by 10% for each kilogram of excess body fat.

In patients with well-controlled, established RA, IR is associated mainly with poorer control of inflammation from diagnosis and with obesity, specifically total fat mass.

In patients with well-controlled, established RA, IR is associated mainly with poorer control of inflammation from diagnosis and with obesity, specifically total fat mass.

Preventive behaviours have been recommended to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2. EKI-785 EGFR inhibitor Adults with chronic diseases (CDs) are at higher risk of COVID-19-related mortality compared to the general population. Our objective was to evaluate adherence to COVID-19 preventive behaviours among adults without CDs compared with those with CDs and identify determinants of non-adherence to COVID-19 preventive behaviours.

Cross-sectional.

We used data from the nationally representative COVID-19 Impact Survey (n=10 760) conducted in the USA.

Adults with CDs were categorised based on a self-reported diagnosis of diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease/heart attack/stroke, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchitis or emphysema, cystic fibrosis, liver disease, compromised immune system, or cancer (54%).

Compared with adults without CDs, adults with CDs were more likely to adhere to preventive behaviours including wearing a face mask (χ

-p<0.001), social distancing (χ

-p<0.001), washing CD or adults living in rural areas, should be prioritised.

To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) compared with placebo in patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease and angina despite anti-anginal therapy.

A cost-effectiveness analysis comparing PCI with placebo. A Markov model was used to measure incremental cost-effectiveness, in cost per quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained, over 12 months. Health utility weights were estimated using responses to the EuroQol 5-level questionnaire, from the Objective Randomised Blinded Investigation with optimal medical Therapy of Angioplasty in stable angina trial and UK preference weights. Costs of procedures and follow-up consultations were derived from Healthcare Resource Group reference costs and drug costs from the National Health Service (NHS) drug tariff. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis was undertaken to test the robustness of results to parameter uncertainty. Scenario analyses were performed to test the effect on results of reduced pharmaceutical costs in patie health technology assessment for the NHS context.

The ORBITA study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02062593.

The ICER for PCI compared with placebo, in patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease and angina on anti-anginal medication, exceeds the threshold of £30 000 used by the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence when undertaking health technology assessment for the NHS context.Trial registration The ORBITA study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02062593.

Explore international consensus on nomenclatures of suicidal behaviours and analyse differences in terminology between high-income countries (HICs) and low/middle-income countries (LMICs).

An online survey of members of the International Organisation for Suicide Prevention (IASP) used multiple-choice questions and vignettes to assess the four dimensions of the definition of suicidal behaviour outcome, intent, knowledge and agency.

International.

Respondents included 126 individuals, 37 from 30 LMICs and 89 from 33 HICs. They included 40 IASP national representatives (65% response rate), IASP regular members (20% response rate) and six respondents from six additional countries identified by other organisations.

Definitions of English-language terms for suicidal behaviours.

The recommended definition of 'suicide' describes a fatal act initiated and carried out by the actors themselves. The definition of 'suicide attempt' was restricted to non-fatal acts with intent to die, whereas definition of 'self-harm' more broadly referred to acts with varying motives, including the wish to die. Almost all respondents agreed about the definitions of 'suicidal ideation', 'death wishes' and 'suicide plan'. 'Aborted suicide attempt' and 'interrupted suicide attempt' were not considered components of 'preparatory suicidal behaviour'. There were several differences between representatives from HICs and LMICs.

This international opinion survey provided the basis for developing a transcultural nomenclature of suicidal behaviour. Future developments of this nomenclature should be tested in larger samples of professionals, including LMICs may be a challenge.

This international opinion survey provided the basis for developing a transcultural nomenclature of suicidal behaviour. Future developments of this nomenclature should be tested in larger samples of professionals, including LMICs may be a challenge.

Examine the patterns of cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use (vaping), the perceived harm of e-cigarettes compared with tobacco cigarettes, and associations between smoking and vaping with student characteristics.

Cross-sectional studies.

The University of Queensland (UQ), Australia and eight New Zealand (NZ) universities.

Students at UQ 4957 (70.8% aged <25 years, 63.0% women) and NZ 1854 (82.5% aged <25 years, 60.1% women).

Χ

tests compared smoking by age and gender, and vaping by age, gender and smoking status. Two-sided p<0.05 was considered significant and 95% CIs reported where appropriate. Multinomial logistic regression examined associations between smoking and vaping (exclusive smoking, exclusive vaping, dual use and non-use) with age, gender and student type (domestic vs international).

Smoking (UQ vs NZ, 95% CI) ever 45.2% (43.8% to 46.6%) vs 50.0% (47.7% to 52.3%), current 8.9% (8.1% to 9.7%) vs 10.4% (9.1% to 11.9%) and daily 5.2% (4.6% to 5.8%) vs 5.6% (4.6% to 6.7%), and not smoking in indoor 98.