Bekcarstens7376

Gastric cancer represents the fifth most common malignancy and third most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. There are two major types of gastric carcinoma enteric type and diffuse type. Diffuse type gastric cancer is frequently associated with the mutations in E-cadherin coding gene CDH1. In cases of CDH1 mutations complete gastrectomy is indicated. CDH1 mutations are reflected with CDH1 protein loss by immunohistochemistry. The relationship between CDH1 mutations and other markers of tumour aggressiveness, such as tumour proliferation index and the presence of p53 mutations and Her2 amplification is not well studied. Therefore, the aim of our study was to analyse the correlation between CDH1 loss and the expression of Ki67 proliferation marker, mutant oncoprotein p53 and Her2. Standard immunohistochemistry was used to detect the following antigens CDH1 (MCH-38, Invitrogen), Ki67 (EP5, Bio SB), p53 (DO-7, Leica) and Her2 (EP3, Bio SB). The study results showed that CDH1 mutations, reflected with CDH1 protein loss by immunohistochemistry are detected in 40% of diffuse gastric carcinomas, whilst it is not detected in enteric type gastric carcinomas. Diffuse gastric carcinomas with CDH1 mutations are characterised with more aggressive phenotype, particularly with the presence of higher Ki67 labelling index, p53 mutations and the presence of Her2 positivity. In cases of histological diagnosis of diffuse gastric carcinoma CDH1 testing is recommended.The aim of the studywas to determine the risk of thrombosis among patients with Essential thrombocythemia based on the modern criteria of diagnosis and to reveal the treatment accordingmethods of research in Georgia. We analyzed clinical manifestations of 25 cases of Essential thrombocythemia diagnosed in 2013-2017 y. at the Institute of Hematology and Transfusiology. Among 25 patients, female was 20 (80%), male - 5 (20%). Age varies from 28 to 75 years. Patients had the following clinical manifestations The severity of the lower limbs, numbness, pain (erythromelalgia) in 13 (52%) of cases, headache in 7 (28%), dizziness in 5 (20%), splenomegaly in 6 (24%), bleeding in 1 (4%), several discontinued pregnancy in the first trimester in 1 (4%), thrombotic complication had been diagnosed in 8 (32%) of patients. In 8 (32%) patients with thrombosis in medical history, myocardial infarction had 2 patient, ischemic stroke - 2 patient, deep vein thrombosis - 2 patient, thrombosis of spleen artery - 1 patient, door veinrisk these are more likely to have thrombotic complications in medical history, existence ofJAK-2gene mutation, lesser than age >60years, risk factors from the cardiovascular system (Diabetes mellitus,Hypertension, smoking). From the patients who were studied, 10 (40%) were in the high risk group of thrombosis, 3 (12%) in the average risk group and 12 (48%) in thelow risk group. The goal of treatment of Essential thrombocythemia is to stop the progression of the disease and cure the symptoms of the disease.The methods of treatment for improving the quality of life of patients are multi-component and are divided into the following groups 1) Prophylaxis of thrombotic complications; 2) cytoreductionalchemothrapy; 3) targeted therapy- JAK-2kinase activity inhibitors; 4) treatment of complications.Formulation of novel drug delivery system is one of the approaches for improvement of pharmacological activity of drugs. This implies encapsulation of the API into the biocompatible polymeric material. Objective of the research was formulation of biodegradable amino acid based polyesteramide nanoparticles composing cytotoxic substance of plant origin. Research materials and methods biodegradable polyesteramide (PEA), alkaloids from Vinca Minor, surfactants (Tween 80, polyvinyl pirolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, Poloxamer 188). NPs size (mean particle diameter) and size distribution (polydispersity index, PDI), and zeta-potential (ZP) were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) using a Zetasizer Nano ZS (Malvern Instruments, U.K.) at 25°C, UV spectrophotometer was used for %EE study. Amino acid based PEA particles were fabricated by the modified emulsification method. Based on the studies optimal composition and fabrication condition of PEA NPs was determined. The conditions of the NPs fabrication were as follows the O/W ratio 110; the solvent DMSO; polymer concentration in the organic phase 50.0 mg/mL; surfactants (PVA) concentration in aqueous phase 0.5%,the stirring rate 1000 rpm. The influence of the various factors such as organic solvents, surfactants, as well as a polymer concentration in the organic phase,surfactant concentration in the aqueous phase,the organic/water phase ratio on the NPs fabrication was studied.The NPs were characterized by size (mean particle diameter & size distribution (polydispersity index, PDI), and zeta-potential (ZP). Increase concentration of the surfactant (polyvinyl alcohol) from 0.1% to 0.5% decrease average particle size from 568±63 to 169±1.66 respectively. EE% was obtained to be around 50%.The article indicates that the oral cavity is one of the complex and stable biotopes, very favorable for the growth and maintenance of the vital activity of microorganisms. However, the biocenoses of all human biotopes are inextricably linked and a change in one of them causes changes in the others. These changes can also lead to negative consequences for the macroorganism. selleck inhibitor It is known that such common human diseases as tooth decay and inflammatory periodontal diseases are caused by representatives of oral microbiocenosis. These pathologies have their own characteristics and are the result of intermicrobial and organismic relationships. The questions of intermicrobial relations were dealt with by the American ecologist Eugene Odum, who classified biotic relationships by the nature of their influence on interacting species, as well as the Italian mathematician Vito Volterra, considered the founder of the modern mathematical theory of populations. Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy employees pay great attention to the study of oral microbiocenosis in normal conditions and in various pathologies. We carried out the calculations of microflora studied in one of these researches according to the V. Volterra formulas and using the modified classification of Yu. Odum. They showed the possibility of determining the type of relationship between associates of the oral biotope. This position may be useful when planning hygienic and therapeutic procedures performed in the oral cavity.