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tospira from rat kidney samples declined. During 2007-2018, the average positive rate of Leptospira antibodies in healthy people was 24.52%(3 271/13 339), and the predominant serogroup was Icterohaemorrhagiae. There was no replacement of Leptospira serogroup in recent years. Conclusions The incidence of leptospirosis in Sichuan was extremely low during 2004-2018, and the incidence peak of leptospirosis occurred in rice harvesting period. The cases were mainly old farmers, and the high-risk areas were constantly alternating between the Yangtzi River and the Jialing River basin. Both the density and the carriage rate of Leptospira of Apodemusagrarius were low, and the predominant serogroup was Icterohaemorrhagiae. The average positive rate of leptospira antibodies in healthy people was very low.Objective To understand the status of antiretroviral treatment (ART) referred by the case reporting institutions among HIV/AIDS cases and influencing factors in Beijing. Methods From June 1, 2017 to April 30, 2019, the data of 4 917 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) collected from National HIV/AIDS Information System and ART institutions were used to understand the status of ART and influencing factors. No records of ART was defined as referral failure and an interval of more than 15 days between diagnosis of HIV infection and ART initiation was defined as delayed ART. Results Among the 4 917 HIV/AIDS cases, 16.53% (813/4 917) had referral failure. Among the 4 104 PLWHA who received ART, 30.63% (1 257/4 104) had delayed ART, the median of the interval was 27 days (P(25)-P(75)19-42 days). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HIV/AIDS cases who were reported by comprehensive hospitals (compared with ART servicers, OR=1.65, 95%CI 1.30-2.08), in HIV phase (compared with AIDS phase, OR=1.68, 95%ikely to have delayed ART. Conclusions The rate of referral failure and delayed ART varied among HIV/AIDS cases with different characteristics. It is still necessary to take effective measures to promote ART in order to reduce referral failure and delayed ART.Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of outbreaks of dengue fever in China from 2015 to 2018, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of dengue fever. Methods We extracted the incidence data of dengue fever from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, Public Health Emergency Reporting Management Information System and Vector Biological Monitoring System, and explored the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreaks in the past four years. Excel 2010 software and SPSS 20.0 software were used for data processing and analysis, ArcGIS 10.5 software was used for mapping. Results A total of 111 outbreaks of dengue fever were reported nationwide from 2015 to 2018, involving 12 490 cases, accounting for 73.7% of the total cases in China. AZ 3146 These outbreaks occurred in 85 counties and districts of 4 provinces, namely Guangdong (77 outbreaks), Yunnan (14 outbreaks), Zhejiang (8 outbreaks) and Fujian (8 outbreaks). The outbreaks occurred during May-November. Small-scale outbreaks with no more than 10 cases ended within 30 days (28/34, 82.4%) and larger-scale outbreaks lasted for several months. Dengue virus type 1 and type 2 were the main epidemic pathogens of dengue fever outbreaks in China. The outbreaks mainly occurred in areas with high population density and poor sanitary environment. There were significant differences in the age and occupational composition of the cases in the main outbreak provinces. Conclusions Outbreaks of dengue fever can been seen in more areas in China, even in high latitudes areas. The epidemiologic characteristics of the outbreaks were different among provinces, showing as port type, rural type and urban type. Each province should adjust the control strategies accordingly.Objective To understand the medication treatment rate and its associated factors among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients aged ≥40 years in China, and to provide basic data for targeted interventions to improve the diagnosis and treatment of COPD patients. Methods Data were from COPD surveillance of Chinese residents in 2014-2015. Questionnaire and pre-bronchodilator and post-bronchodilator spirometry were performed on all respondents. Individuals with post-bronchodilator FEV(1)/FVC less then 70% were diagnosed as COPD patients. A total of 9 120 COPD patients were included in the analysis. Based on the complex sampling design, the medication treatment rate and 95%CI among COPD patients were estimated, and the associated factors were analyzed. Results The medication treatment rate for COPD patients aged ≥40 years was 11.7% (95%CI 10.2%-13.0%), the treatment rate with inhaled medication was 3.4% (95%CI 2.9%-4.0%), and the treatment rate with oral or intravenous medication was 10.4% (95%CI 9.0reatment was very low. Being aware of their own COPD status and the emergence of respiratory symptoms were important factors associated with COPD medication treatment. Early diagnosis of COPD should be strengthened and the level of standardized treatment for patients should be improved.Objective To understand the rate of spirometry examination and its related factors among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients aged ≥40 years in China from 2014 to 2015, and provide evidence for diagnosis, treatment and management of COPD patients normatively. Methods Data were obtained from 2014-2015 COPD surveillance, China. The previous lung function examination status and other information of the subjects were collected by face-to-face survey. We defined COPD as a post-bronchodilator FEV(1) FVC less than 70%. A total of 9 130 COPD patients were included in the analysis of this study. The rate of spirometry examination and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated in COPD patients aged ≥40 years with complicated sampling weights. Meanwhile, the spirometry examination related factors were analyzed. Results The estimated rate of spirometry examination among COPD patients was 5.9% (95%CI 4.9%-6.9%), 6.1% (95%CI 5.2%-7.1%) for men and 5.3% (95%CI 4.0%-6.6%) for women. The rate was significantly higher in urban population than in rural (P less then 0.