Bearderiksen3449

Introduction Hospital response to the COVID-19 outbreak has involved the cancellation of elective, deferrable surgeries throughout Europe in order to ensure capacity for emergent surgery and a selection of elective but non-deferrable surgeries. The purpose of this document is to propose technical strategies to assist the pediatric surgeons to minimize the potential aerosolization of viral particles in COVID-19 patients undergoing urgent or emergent surgical treatment using laparoscopic approaches, based on the currently available literature. The situation and recommendations are subject to change with emerging information. Materials and Methods The Scientific Committee and the Board of the European Society of Pediatric Endoscopic Surgeons gathered together in order to address the issue of minimally invasive surgery during this COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic search through PubMed, Embase, and World Wide Web of the terms "COVID-19," "Coronavirus," and "SARS-CoV-2" matched with "pneumoperitoneum," "laparoscopy,reusable laparoscopic instrumentation to COVID-19 pediatric patients, (3) prefer disposable instrumentation and cables, (4) use low CO2 insufflation pressures, (5) use low power electrocautery, (6) prefer closed-systems CO2 insufflation and desufflation systems, and (7) avoid leaks through ports. These recommendations are subject to change with emerging information and might be amended in the near future.Introduction Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is a major obstacle to achieving WHO target 3. In West Africa, however, there is a lack of evidence on the most feasible, acceptable and effective adherence reinforcement measures and users' perceptions of these measures. The purpose of this article is to analyze the perceptions of PLHIV (people living with HIV) on ART reinforcement measures in Burkina Faso. Method In Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso care centers, THILAO Research Project (ANRS 12269) enrolled PLHIV experiencing therapeutic failure on 2nd line antiretroviral treatment, and offered to them adherence reinforcement measures. We conducted a qualitative socio-anthropological study to explore their perceptions. Data were collected through repeated individual interviews with 37 PLHIV. Results The 31 participants who completed interviews were relatively satisfied with the measures to support adherence. Three measures (pill organizer, weekly phone calls by a member of the team, cellphone alarm reminders) were perceived as simple, effective, discreet, adapted to both illiterate and educated people. Pacritinib Three other measures (home visits, involvement of a member of the family and SMS) were not highly appreciated as they expose to the disclosure of HIV+ status and /or stigmatization. Two measures (support group, frequent visits to the care center) were less selected because considered tedious. Conclusion PLHIV chosed and used the most appropriate adherence measures for their profile / context. The most feasible and acceptable measures identified could be offered to PLHIV at risk of non-compliance in West African ART programs.Objective This research is interested in the social transformations in francophone Africa, in particular urbanization and the communication revolution, and their influence on the lifestyles of young adolescents in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso) and Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo). The objective is to examine the opportunities, challenges, and risks associated with these societal changes and related perceptions according to the gender of adolescents. Method This qualitative study, conducted in 2015, uses data collected through semi-structured interviews with 64 adolescents from 10 to 14 years and their parents/guardians in Ouagadougou and Kinshasa. The analysis followed a deductive and inductive process to identify how societal changes offer new possibilities that are associated with risks for adolescent girls and boys. Results According to participants, adolescence is accompanied by more opportunities today than in the past. Autonomy/freedom of movement, access to formal education, and access to information bring with them increased risks that differ by gender. Girls are exposed to an increase in sexual risks, boys to violence and consumption of alcohol. Conclusion These results illustrate the ways in which societal transformations in francophone Africa influence the gendered socialization of young adolescents. The lifestyle changes and risks associated with them call for programs adapted for girls and to boys that exploit new communication tools to increase their access to information.Introduction Côte d'Ivoire's status as a polio-free country requires high quality surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis. Our study aims to determine the prevalence of non-poliovirus enteroviruses found in the surveillance of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) in Côte d'Ivoire and to study their distribution according to individual characteristics and associated factors. Method We conducted an exhaustive descriptive and analytical cross-sectional retrospective study on 3597 cases of acute flaccid paralysis notified in the context of surveillance of AFP from 2007 to 2016 in Côte d'Ivoire. Results The mean annual rate of non-poliovirus enterovirus over the period was 11.3% over the study period with extremes of 9.2% and 15.9%. The absence of fever at the onset of illness and early age were factors associated with the occurrence of acute flaccid paralysis due to non-poliovirus enterovirus. Conclusion Our study found a downward trend in non-poliovirus enteroviruses detected in AFP surveillance in Côte d'Ivoire, and identified the absence of fever and the age of the subject as being the factors associated with their occurrence. It is therefore necessary to type all cases of non-poliovirus enteroviruses detected in AFP surveillance to assess the risks of vaccine-derived polioviruses.Objective This article presents a systematic review (2009-2018) of the literature in social sciences and public health concerning exercise on prescription. The review is oriented towards studies about the beneficiaries of these prescriptions and seeks to question the use of socio-ecological indicators. Method The interrogation of bibliographic databases made it possible to retain 28 papers taking into account the following inclusion criteria (1) publication in a peer-reviewed journal; (2) prescription of physical activity by a health professional; (3) adult beneficiaries; (4) prescription for a supervised physical activity program; (5) physical activity program of at least one month; (6) socio-demographic or psychosocial indicators complementary to age and sex only. Results The prescription of physical activity refers to various interventions in terms of target audiences, modalities of supervision, duration of care or type of monitoring at the end of the program. The studies are mainly related to the measurement of the physical activity level during and/or after the intervention.