Beachrussell8435
Campylobacteriosis is one of the most well-characterized bacterial foodborne infections worldwide that arise chiefly due to the consumption of foods of animal origin such as poultry, milk, and their products. The disease is caused by numerous species within the genus
, but
is the most commonly isolated species from established cases of human campylobacteriosis. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and virulence of
isolates from human, chicken, and milk and milk products in Egypt.
A total of 1299 samples (547 chicken intestine and liver, 647 milk and milk products, and 105 human stool) were collected and microbiologically investigated, confirmed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the 23S rRNA,
, and
genes specific for
spp.,
, and
, respectively, followed by virulence genes (
adhesion to fibronectin F [
] and
) detection using PCR.
About 38.09%, 37.84%, and 8.5% of human stool, chicken, and milk and milk product samples, respectively, were bactethis zoonotic pathogen. The availability of information about pathogen virulence will enable enhanced local policy drafting by food safety and public health officials.
is the vector of dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, chikungunya, and, most recently, Zika. Dengue fever is one of Indonesia's endemic diseases. The principal tool for preventing dengue is controlling
by chemical insecticides since vaccine against dengue is still under research. However,
developed resistance to various chemical insecticides worldwide. Therefore, research on alternate compounds as mosquito insecticides is urgently needed. This study demonstrated the efficacy of
extract as larvicidal, ovicidal, adulticidal, repellency, and oviposition deterrent activity against
.
was obtained from Temanggung, Indonesia, while the eggs of
were collected from Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and were hatched in Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Larvicidal activity was evaluated according to the WHO protocol; adulticidal activity was performed using the Centers for Disease Control protocol. Oviposition activity was evaluated using ovitraps added withtal stages and is a potential alternative bioinsecticide for controlling this disease vector.
Recent studies have shown that low-intensity laser therapy (LILT) enhances chronic wound healing, reduces pain, reduces inflammation, and improves post-operative rehabilitation. However, clinical outcomes in the veterinary use of LILT vary between different experimental studies. This is explained by improper laser parameter settings and limits of its penetration depth. #link# This study aimed to investigate the penetration depth of 830 nm LILT on living dog tissue in different operating modes. This entailed continuous wave (CW) versus pulse wave (PW) and with contact versus non-contact techniques of the laser probe at different tissue-laser probe distances. The results can be applied for use in clinical practice.
Twenty-four dogs that had undergone abdominal surgery were included in this study. The laser parameters were set at 200 mW, fluence of 4 J/cm
and the laser power output denoted as mean output power (MOP) was measured by a power meter.
The MOP of the 830 nm CW laser was significantly higher than the ssue-laser probe distance up to 5 cm) was appropriate for treatments within 14 mm of depth. However, GW441756 Trk receptor inhibitor of 830 nm LILT for an application in which the target tissue is deeper than 14 mm may limit its positive effect.
(MG) and
(MS) are the most significant pathogens of avian mycoplasmosis. This study aimed to isolate and identify MG and MS from chickens and detect the various virulence genes in the isolates. Moreover, the efficacies of different antibiotics were tested to identify suitable treatment regimens.
We isolated MG and MS from 487 chicken samples of different ages located in different Governorates in Egypt using conventional isolation methods. The isolates were characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and then tested for antibiotic sensitivity by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method.
The prevalence of MG among the isolates was 9.85%, with the highest percentage isolated from air sacs, while the prevalence of MS among the isolates was 1.6%. Moreover, the highest levels of the prevalence of both MG and MS were during the winter and autumn sampling, while the lowest levels were in the summer and spring. Following tsis helps in epidemiological studies and vaccine preparation. The MIC method can be used to help develop therapies to control avian mycoplasmosis infections.
Hyperlipidemia is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The use of statins has adverse side effects that result in oxidative stress disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate the antihyperlipidemic effect of a combination of
and
extract in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemia mice.
Mice were divided into eight groups (n=4) Control group or healthy mice (normal), HFD-induced hyperlipidemic mice without any treatment (CE0), HFD-induced hyperlipidemic mice treated with 3.6 mg/kg body weight (BW) atorvastatin (atorvastatin), and HFD-induced hyperlipidemic mice treated with a combination of
and
in the following ratios 3000 (C300), 22575 (C225), 150150 (CE150), 75225 (E225), and 0300 (E300). Mice were fed a HFD for 4 months to induce hyperlipidemia. Total cholesterol, cholesterol oxidase-peroxidase aminophenazone (CHOD-PAP), triglyceride-glycerine, and fat serum were analyzed with colorimetric method. The measurement of superoxide dismutase was done with the xanthine oxidase method and malondialdehyde measurement was done with the thiobarbituric acid method.
Results showed an increase in antihyperlipidemic characteristics as the concentration of
extract (p<0.05) increased. Duncan's multiple range test also showed an increase in anti-stress oxidation as the concentration of
extract (p<0.05) increased.
The E225 group showed the most potential as a safe, antihyperlipidemic agent characterized by improvement in lipid profile and antioxidant balance.
The E225 group showed the most potential as a safe, antihyperlipidemic agent characterized by improvement in lipid profile and antioxidant balance.
At present, increasing in long-tailed macaques (
) population in Lopburi old town caused several problems in its community, in particular with sanitation problem. The present study aimed to explore species distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns in bacteria isolated from feces of the free-ranging long-tailed macaques (
) in Lopburi Old Town, Thailand.
Fresh fecal samples were collected from October 2018 to July 2019 from seven troops of macaques. Bacterial colonies were identified based on Gram stain and standard biochemical techniques. Sensitivity toward eight different antibiotics, including amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cephalexin, clindamycin, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, and gentamicin, was analyzed using the disk diffusion method.
A total of 1050 fecal samples were collected. Five unique bacterial species were identified, including
,
spp.,
spp.,
Group B, and
spp. in 100%, 25.71%, 18%, 1.71%, and 0.57% of the fecal specimens, respectively. Among 70 distinct isolates of
. link2
, 63 (93%) were resistant to multiple drugs, including amoxicillin, cephalexin, clindamycin, and erythromycin; one isolate (6%) was resistant to clindamycin only. Furthermore, 17 isolates (94%) of
Group B were resistant to both clindamycin and erythromycin. Five of the six
spp. isolates (83%) were also multidrug-resistant (to cephalexin, clindamycin, and erythromycin); the one remaining
spp. isolate (6%) was resistant to both clindamycin and erythromycin. However, a high percentage of
,
Group B and
spp. remained susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanate, enrofloxacin, and doxycycline.
Our findings provide the basic information for the selection of empirical therapy and for the evaluation of the scale of antibiotic resistance associated with macaques living in Lopburi Old Town.
Our findings provide the basic information for the selection of empirical therapy and for the evaluation of the scale of antibiotic resistance associated with macaques living in Lopburi Old Town.
In a scenario of the ineffectiveness of the current drugs against antibiotic-resistant pathogens, the herbal extracts can serve as an alternative remedy. This study appraises the antibacterial potency of
(gall),
(fruit) individually and synergistically against antimicrobial-resistant (AMR)
Typhi and
Enteritidis in a time and dose-dependent manner. Further, the antibacterial phytocompounds were identified employing gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Preliminary antibacterial activity of the plant extracts was assessed using the agar disk diffusion method.
evaluations of
methanolic extract (QIME) and
methanolic extract (PEME) against
. Typhi and
. Enteritidis were carried out using plate count method.
QIME and PEME at a dose rate of 50 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml, respectively, had a complete bactericidal effect on AMR
. Typhi and
. Enteritidis whereas 10 log
CFU/ml of exponential growth was seen in untreated control groups. link3 At the lower concentrations, QIME and PEME had a and can also serve as a platform for formulating effective phytotherapeutics.
is one of the main pathogens responsible for veterinary and human infections, and it is associated with significant economic losses in the livestock, as it causes severe diseases to humans, particularly in children. For that reason, there is a need for introducing new drugs to treat
diseases. The Brazilian species richness is a source of potential new antibacterial natural products. The study aimed at the biological and chemical investigation of the organic extract obtained from the stem of
a (Apocynaceae), EB127, as it was identified as a potential source of new antibacterial compounds to be used in Veterinary.
The antibacterial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion and microdilution assays; chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, and mass spectrometry were used in the isolation and identification of compounds.
EB127 showed activity against
ATCC25922, and against three
strains that were isolated from frigarte's cloaca, named 31/1A, 35A, and 51A. Lupeol, 3-acetyl-11-oxo-βntial as new antibacterial natural products from Amazon plants to be used in veterinary and human diseases.
Fraction 10%ACN/H2O is of interest in pursuing new drugs to treat resistant E. coli, in veterinary. All compounds were isolated from the plant for the first time and have shown potential as new antibacterial natural products from Amazon plants to be used in veterinary and human diseases.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) comprise microbial sensing receptors present on cell surfaces that are capable of detecting pathogens. The present study aims to examine the expression of TLRs within the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) of the Betong chickens.
Blood samples were harvested from 12 Betong (KU line) chickens. Hematological values were calculated. PBMC was isolated from the blood utilizing a Histopaque solution and stored in a RPMI1640 culture medium. Cell viability was investigated using a Trypan Blue dye exclusion test. DNA was extracted from PBMC and the expression of the DNA's TLRs was examined using a polymerase chain reaction.
Hematological values were determined from the blood samples collected in this study obtained from healthy Betong chickens. PBMC that was isolated from the Betong chickens possessed cell viability higher than 95% (95.37±1.06). From the examination of TLRs gene expression, results revealed instances of TLR1.1, TLR1.2, TLR2.1, TLR2.2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR 7, TLR15, and TLR21 that were present in the PBMC of Betong chickens.
