Barrhamrick7368

Background Despite the existence of discrete and varied studies regarding extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) in Iran, a comprehensive analysis on the prevalence of ESBL-EC has not yet been carried out. The current study analyzed published data regarding ESBL-EC in different regions of Iran to gain insight into this significant subject. Methods A meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software (version 2.2; Biostat) to determine the prevalence of ESBL-EC in Iran. A web-based search was conducted in electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Sciences. The eligibility of articles published between 2008 and 2018 was assessed, and relevant data were extracted for statistical analysis. A random-effects model was used based on the heterogeneity test. Publication bias was determined using Begg's rank correlation and Egger's weighted regression methods. Results Among 31,135 studies examined, 61 met inclusion criteria and were included for review. Iran's overall pooled proportion of ESBL-EC was 43.2% (confidence interval [95% CI] 39.2-47.3), and the overall heterogeneity (I2) between studies was significantly high (93.5%, p = 0.00). The most prevalent of ESBLs in E. coli was CTX-M and TEM, with prevalence of 31.2% (95% CI 25.4-37.6), 27.6% (95% CI 22.7-33.2), respectively. Conclusion The available studies show a high rate of ESBL-EC in Iran. This result highlights a need for appropriate and rapid methods for estimating ESBL infection, which can help our understanding of the actual epidemiology of ESBL and provide protocols for the prevention and control of infection.Purpose To evaluate the safety and efficacy of GreenLight XPS 180-W laser photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP) in high-risk elderly patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Materials and methods This retrospective study included 150 elderly patients with enlarged prostate glands (>40 mL) receiving 180-W photoselective vaporization at our department between January 2016 and October 2018. All patients were of advanced age (>80 years) and included those at higher risk of bleeding and cardiopulmonary disease. Ferrostatin1 Perioperative data were collected and analyzed. Results All operations were completed uneventfully without conversion to open surgery, and nobody died due to postoperative complications. The mean preoperative prostate volume was 65 ± 12.5 mL, mean operative time was 63 ± 12.5 min, mean laser working time was 51 ± 9.2 min, and mean catheterization time was 2.7 ± 1.8 days. There were significant improvements in International Prostate Symptom Scores, quality of life, maximum flow rate, and postvoid residual volume compared with preoperative values. Intraoperative as well as short- and long-term postoperative complication rates were 0.7%, 29.8%, and 13.3%, respectively. Three patients required rehospitalization for postoperative complications, one needed reoperation, and the others recovered after conservative treatment. Conclusions PVP with a GreenLight XPS 180-W laser in high-risk elderly patients is safe and feasible. It provides a dramatic improvement in both short- and long-term functional outcomes and deserves promotion.Purpose The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of each domain of gender affirmation (social, legal, and medical/surgical) on the mental health of transgender and gender nonbinary youth. Methods Three hundred fifty transgender boys, transgender girls, and gender nonbinary Brazilian youth, from 16 to 24 years old, answered an online survey. Results The final sample consisted of 350 youth who participated in this study. A total of 149 (42.64%) youth identified as transgender boys, 85 (24.28%) identified as transgender girls, and 116 (33.14%) identified as gender nonbinary youth. The mean age was 18.61 (95% confidence interval 18.34-18.88) years. Having accessed multiple steps of gender affirmation (social, legal, and medical/surgical) was associated with fewer symptoms of depression and less anxiety. Furthermore, engaging in gender affirmation processes helped youth to develop a sense of pride and positivity about their gender identity and a feeling of being socially accepted. Conclusion Enabling transgender and gender nonbinary youth to access gender affirmation processes more easily should be considered as a strategy to reduce depression and anxiety symptoms, as well as to improve gender positivity.Wearable devices developed with flexible electronics have great potential applications for human health monitoring and motion sensing. Although material softness and structural flexibility provide a deformable human-machine interface to adapt to joint bending or tissue stretching/compression, flexible sensors are inconvenient in practical uses as they usually require calibration every time they are installed. This article presents an approach to design and fabricate a flexible curvature sensor to measure human articular movements for amphibious applications. This flexible sensor employs the capacitive sensing principle, where the dielectric layer and electrodes are made from the polyurethane resin and eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) liquid metal; and the fabrication process is implemented with shape deposition molding for batch production. The sensing method for articular rotation angles employs the Euler beam model to make the sensor reusable after one-time calibration by compensating for the unpredicted manual installation error. The illustrative application to ankle sensing in amphibious gaits shows that the root-mean-square error is within 5° for different walking speeds (0.7-1.1 m/s) in treadmill tests and the maximum error is within 3° for underwater sensing with quasi-static measurements. It is expected that the proposed waterproof flexible sensor can push the boundaries of wearable robotics, human locomotion, as well as their related applications.This study aimed at determining the mechanisms of linezolid resistance and the molecular characteristics of clinical Staphylococcus aureus (n = 2) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (n = 15) isolates obtained from four Spanish hospitals. The detection of linezolid resistance mechanisms (mutations and acquisition of resistance genes) was performed by PCR/sequencing. The antimicrobial resistance and virulence profile was determined, and the isolates were typed by different molecular techniques. Moreover, the genetic environment of the cfr gene was determined by whole-genome sequencing. The cfr gene was detected in one methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) that also displayed the amino acid change Val118Ala in the ribosomal protein L4. The second S. aureus isolate was methicillin susceptible and showed different alterations in the ribosomal protein L4. All remaining linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (n = 14) and Staphylococcus hominis isolates (n = 1) showed the mutation G2576T (n = 14) or C2534T (n = 1) in the 23S rRNA.