Barbourpuggaard0491
To assess the possible factors associated with increasing risk of COVID-19 among EMTs.
This study was a case-control study conducted in Tehran, Iran. Case group was consisted of confirmed COVID-19 EMTs based on the results of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and/or lung computed tomography scan. Healthy EMTs were randomly selected as control group. Patients were asked to fill out a checklist including demographic data, data related to the work situation (such as number of missions and type of mask and cloth) and PPE precautions.
Sixty-eight patients and 148 healthy persons took part in this study as case and control group, respectively. Having two EMTs involved directly in taking care of patients (
<0.001) and working with a confirmed case teammate (
<0.001), considering the precautions such as seal check after wearing the mask (
=0.015), covering the hair with a medical hat (
<0.001), not using personal items despite protective clothing (
<0.001), and avoiding contact with the outer surface of clothing while removing (
<0.001) had significant difference in two groups.
We found that the type and method of use of PPE were correlated with the increasing risk of COVID-19 in EMTs. Also, we found that when two EMTs were involved directly in taking care of the patients, and those who worked with a confirmed case teammate, more frequently affected.
We found that the type and method of use of PPE were correlated with the increasing risk of COVID-19 in EMTs. Also, we found that when two EMTs were involved directly in taking care of the patients, and those who worked with a confirmed case teammate, more frequently affected.
To describe the restructuring in-hospital systems of care at a Level -1 trauma center in India and to analyze an injury volume and patterns for future preparedness as well as to establish a specific injuries preventive measures during health emergencies like COVID-19.
Data was extracted from a prospectively managed trauma registry at level-1 trauma center in India. We have compared the data in lockdown period with the same day's number from the pre-lockdown period. Patients were categorized according to age, gender, injury cause, injury place, injury severity, and injury outcome to compare the statistical analysis between two periods.
Total emergency department (ED) trauma footfall decreased significantly by 73% during lockdown period. The injuries result increased significantly due to blunt forces. There was a significant decrease in the major injury of the patient's percentage. The road traffic injuries (RTIs) in individuals were less than the reported falls number, which increased significantly durine trauma.
To analyze the factors associated with mortality in fracture patients with concomitant COVID-19 infection based on the available published data.
Keywords such as "fracture" and "COVID or COVID-19" were searched through three major databases includes PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Selection criteria were all published reports providing the mortality related information of COVID-19 positive fracture patients. Published papers containing mortality data of COVID-19 positive fracture patients were considered for qualitative review. For meta-analysis, the presenting individual's data were considered to study the different parameters association with mortality.
The rate of mean mortality in COVID-19 positive fracture patients was 34%, and 91.7% of patients had hip fractures. Older age and hip fractures had a significant association with higher mortality rates in COVID-19 positive fracture patients.
The mortality rates are considerably higher in COVID-19 positive patients with fractures compared to COVID-19 positive patients without fractures and to the COVID-19 negative fracture patients. Early surgical intervention should be preferred in hip fractures among COVID-19 positive patients for general stabilization and improved respiratory function. Older age and hip fractures are the main predictors of mortality in these patients.
The mortality rates are considerably higher in COVID-19 positive patients with fractures compared to COVID-19 positive patients without fractures and to the COVID-19 negative fracture patients. Early surgical intervention should be preferred in hip fractures among COVID-19 positive patients for general stabilization and improved respiratory function. Older age and hip fractures are the main predictors of mortality in these patients.
COVID-19 has mutation capability, and there are no specific drug therapies that are available to fight or inhibit the proteins of this virus. The present study aims to investigate the binding affinity of the bioactive and synthetic compounds with the main protease (Mpro) enzymes and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE 2) by computational approach. PASS prediction, pharmacokinetics, and toxicological properties prediction studies were performed through the Google PASS prediction and Swiss ADME/T website. Besides, molecular docking studies were accomplished by BIOVIA Discovery Studio 2020, UCSF Chimera, and PyRx autodock vina.
The docking scores were inferred and the selected compounds showed results varying from -3.2 to -9.8 (kcal/mol). Theaflavin scored the highest docking score to the 5REB, 6VW1, and 1R42 enzymes and showed the binding affinity as -6.3 kcal/mol, -9.8 kcal/mol, and -8.6 kcal/mol, respectively. Again, kaempferol showed the best binding affinity to the 7BQY (-7.1 kcal/mol) and 6Y2FB (-6.6 kcal/mol) enzymes. All the chemical constituents showed better probability in action in pass prediction analysis. Besides, no ligands (except theaflavin) have any conflict with Lipinski's rules of five, which authorized the drug probability of these ligands.
Therefore, the selected compounds could be considered a potential herbal treatment source against SARS-CoV-2.
Therefore, the selected compounds could be considered a potential herbal treatment source against SARS-CoV-2.
Influenza is an acute respiratory tract infection caused by the influenza virus. Vaccination and antiviral drugs are the two methods opted to control the disease. Besides their efficiency, they also cause adverse side effects. Hence, scientists turned their attention to powerful herbal medicines. This review put focus on various proven, scientifically validated anti-influenza compounds produced by the plants suggested for the production of newer drugs for the better treatment of influenza and its related antiviral diseases too.
In this review, fifty medicinal herb phytochemical constituents and their anti-influenza activities have been documented. Specifically, this review brings out the accurate and substantiates mechanisms of action of these constituents. This study categorizes the phytochemical constituents into primary and secondary metabolites which provide a source for synthesizing and developing new drugs.
This article provides a summary of the actions of the herbal constituents. Since the mechanisms of action of the components are elucidated, the pandemic situation arising due to influenza and similar antiviral diseases can be handled promisingly with greater efficiency. However, clinical trials are in great demand. Brepocitinib The formulation of usage may be a single drug compound or multi-herbal combination. link2 These, in turn, open up a new arena for the pharmaceutical industries to develop innovative drugs.
This article provides a summary of the actions of the herbal constituents. Since the mechanisms of action of the components are elucidated, the pandemic situation arising due to influenza and similar antiviral diseases can be handled promisingly with greater efficiency. However, clinical trials are in great demand. The formulation of usage may be a single drug compound or multi-herbal combination. These, in turn, open up a new arena for the pharmaceutical industries to develop innovative drugs.
COVID-19, a respiratory tract infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a burning question worldwide as it gives rise to a pandemic situation. No specific medications are still recommended for COVID-19; however, healthcare support is crucial for ameliorating the disease condition. Pharmacists are the frontline fighters who are responsible for providing healthcare support to the COVID-19 infected patients around the world. This review endeavored to briefly rationalize the contributions of several pharmacy professionals in diverse fields along with their collaborative efforts and dedication regarding their limitations during the COVID-19 situation and view the prospects of pharmaceutical care services in the post-pandemic period.
Online databases were utilized to search for scholarly articles and organizational websites, to sum up the information about the contemporary and expanded role of pharmacists. Key articles were retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct databases using terms "COVID-19," "no
During the COVID-19 pandemic while the whole world is fighting against an invisible virus, the pharmacists are the earnest hero to serve their responsibilities along with additional activities. They need to be prepared and collaborate with other healthcare professionals further to meet the challenges of post-pandemic circumstances.
During the COVID-19 pandemic while the whole world is fighting against an invisible virus, the pharmacists are the earnest hero to serve their responsibilities along with additional activities. They need to be prepared and collaborate with other healthcare professionals further to meet the challenges of post-pandemic circumstances.
The 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 caused large outbreaks of COVID-19 worldwide. COVID-19 resembles community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Our aim was to identify lymphocyte subpopulations to distinguish between COVID-19 and CAP.
We compared the peripheral blood lymphocytes and their subsets in 296 patients with COVID-19 and 130 patients with CAP. Parameters for independent prediction of COVID-19 were calculated by logistic regression.
The main lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3
CD4
, CD16
CD56
, and CD4
/CD8
ratio) and cytokines (TNF-
and IFN-
) of COVID-19 patients were significantly different from that of CAP patients. CD16
CD56
%, CD4
/CD8
ratio, CD19
, and CD3
CD4
were identified as predictors of COVID-19 diagnosis by logistic regression. In addition, the CD3
CD4
counts, CD3
CD8
counts, andTNF-
are independent predictors of disease severity in patients.
Lymphopenia is an important part of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and lymphocyte subsets and cytokines may be useful to predict the severity and clinical outcomes of the disease.
Lymphopenia is an important part of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and lymphocyte subsets and cytokines may be useful to predict the severity and clinical outcomes of the disease.Generic medicines are clinically equivalent and can be used interchangeably for their intended use. Globally, the usage of generic medicines is highly recommended because of their affordability and accessibility. However, consumers hold a negative perception and attitude of using generic medicine as they consider it poor and having inferior quality compared to branded medicines. This study was conducted to assess the consumers' general view of generic medicines and in vitro evaluation of a locally produced generic medicine, paracetamol. An analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted in three selected hospitals, and in vitro quality control evaluation was done in National Drug Quality Control Laboratory between October 26 and November 21, 2017, in Asmara, Eritrea. A systematic random sampling design was employed, and the data was collected using a questionnaire and a check-list for recording the quality control parameters of paracetamol tablets. A total of 403 respondents were included in the study. link3 The majority of the study participants were females (61.
