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appear to be effective in these patients.

To describe the use of a new protective device to reduce aerosol dispersion in dental clinics during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The device consists of a rigid translucent acrylic structure (methyl polymethacrylate), adjusted to the dental chair, involving the patient's head, neck and chest. There is also a piping system to generate negative pressure, for aspiration and filtering of the air inside the device chamber. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/elenestinib-phosphate.html The operator works through small holes in the acrylic structure, to reduce contact with the microparticles arising from aerosols during dental procedures. Simulated dental procedures using a fluorescent dye in the water of the dental equipment were carried out, with and without the use of the device. The presence of the dye was analysed at various locations, such as on personal protective equipment (PPE), the dental chair and on the clinic floor.

In the simulated dental procedure without the device, the dye was obvious on surgical gloves, aprons (waist, chest, legs, fists) and face shields, as wof contamination, as well as the ergonomic impacts related to its use.In the forensic literature, peculiar and uncommon cases of suicides defined as "complicated" are reported. In these circumstances, the suicide method chosen by the victim fails, and death occurs due to a subsequent unforeseen accidental event defined as secondary trauma. Through retrospective examination of 25,512 autopsies in 27 years (1993-2019) at the Bureau of Legal Medicine of Milan, a unique case of complicated suicide was identified from a total of 4497 suicides. It concerns an elderly man who, after killing his wife by inflicting incised wounds to her neck, tried to hang himself by tying a rope to a heater and jumping from the window located over the heater itself. However, the rope suddenly snapped and the man fells to the ground causing fatal traumatic injuries. Death occurred because of an accidental event caused by the failure of the hanging mechanism. Therefore, a peculiar yet characteristic case of complicated suicide is described.

To date, a comprehensive review on the safety and effectiveness of hysteroscopic metroplasty for T-shaped uterus is still missing.

To provide a robust synthesis of the available studies investigating reproductive outcomes after hysteroscopic metroplasty for T-shaped uterus.

We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis (CRD42019143291), using the proportion method with 95% confidence interval (CI). Statistical heterogeneity was assessed by Higgins test (



).

We included 11 cohort studies embedding 937 women who underwent hysteroscopic metroplasty. After surgery, the pooled percentage of live birth was 44.54% (95% CI, 36.12%-53.12%;



= 46.22%) and 56.88% (95% CI, 46.48%-66.98%;



= 36.38%) in women with primary infertility and recurrent miscarriage, respectively. In women with recurrent miscarriage, the pooled proportion of miscarriage was 21.46% (95% CI, 15.09%-28.61%;



= 30.18%). The pooled clinical pregnancy proportion in women with primary infertility was 57.19% (95% CI, 43.83%-70.03%;



= 77.81%). The pooled rate of surgical complications was 0.65% (95% CI, 0.20%-1.33%;



= 11.44%).

The hysteroscopic correction of T-shaped uteri was associated with high live birth rate and low miscarriage rate, both in case of primary infertility and recurrent miscarriage.

Hysteroscopic metroplasty can be considered a safe and effective strategy to improve reproductive outcomes in case of T-shaped uterus.

Hysteroscopic metroplasty can be considered a safe and effective strategy to improve reproductive outcomes in case of T-shaped uterus.

Twin pregnancies are associated with a higher risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity compared with singleton and require more intensive prenatal care.

The aim of this study was to review and compare the recommendations from published guidelines on twin pregnancies.

A descriptive review of guidelines from the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, the Institute of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists on the management of twin pregnancies was conducted.

All the guidelines highlight the importance of an accurate assessment of chorionicity, amnionicity, and gestational age in the first trimester. They also recommend the performance of nuchal translucency and a detailed anomaly scan. The ultrasound surveillance protocol is similar in all guidelines, that is, every 2 weeks for monochorionic and every 4 weeks for dichorionic twins. On the other hand, there are differences regarding the timing and mode of delivery, especially in monochorionic diamniotic twins, in the definition and management of fetal growth discordance, the use of cervical length to screen for preterm birth, and the timing of corticosteroids' administration.

The differences in the reviewed guidelines on the management of twin pregnancies highlight the need for an adoption of an international consensus, in order to improve perinatal outcomes of twin pregnancies.

The differences in the reviewed guidelines on the management of twin pregnancies highlight the need for an adoption of an international consensus, in order to improve perinatal outcomes of twin pregnancies.To develop and evaluate scientifically robust and innovative approaches for the safety assessment of chemicals across multiple regulatory sectors, the EU Reference Laboratory for alternatives to animal testing (EURL ECVAM) has started a project to explore how to better use the available information, including that from existing animal studies. The aim is to minimize reliance on in vivo testing to avoid redundancy and to facilitate the integration of novel non-animal methods in the regulatory setting with the ultimate goal of designing sustainable testing strategies. In this thought-starter paper, we present a number of examples to illustrate and trigger further discussions within the scientific and regulatory communities on ways to extrapolate useful information for predicting toxicity from one toxicity endpoint to another or across endpoints based on mechanistic information.