Ballefarmer7890

1%, as 2 wt% of a 12 nm GNP is incorporated. Remarkably, designed blue OLED also exhibited an increment of 50% and 35% in power efficacy at 100 and 1,000 cd/m2, respectively, for same device structure. The reason why the enhancement is marked may be attributed to a strong absorption of the short-wavelength emission from the device by the gold nano particles, which in turn initiates a strong surface plasmon resonance effect, leading to a high device efficiency. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.Ge/Sb atomic intermixing in interfacial cationic layers is a common phenomenon for GeTe-Sb2Te3 superlattice (GST-SL) used in memory devices. In this paper, we explored the effect of Ge/Sb intermixing on the phase change behavior of GST-SL upon the heating-quenching procedure. Four interfacial intermixing models of Kooi, Ferro, Petrov and Inverted Petrov with different Ge/Sb intermixing ratios (25/75, 50/50 and 75/25) were developed based on the ab initio molecular dynamics. The structural evolution indicated that the Ge/Sb interfacial intermixing could facilitate the structure changes especially for 50/50 Ge/Sb intermixed models. When quenching from 1500 K, more 4-fold Ge-centered octahedrons were produced than tetrahedrons, and the electron localization function further proved that the distorted of Ge(Sb)-centered 6-fold octahedrons were caused by the asymmetrical interactions of Ge-Ge/Sb and Ge-Te. A relatively large Te p orbital contribution in coexisted Ge/Te layer led to a narrower bandgap. In addition, different Ge/Sb atom intermixed ratio which affected the electronic local structure, led to the discrepancy in the initial atom movement of Sb or Ge movement near the gap. The present studies enrich the understanding of Ge/Sb interfacial atomic intermixing effects in GST-SL structural changes. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.We report on the direct correlation between the structural and optical properties of single, as-grown core-multi-shell GaAs/In0.15Ga0.85As/GaAs/AlAs/GaAs nanowires. Fabricated by molecular beam epitaxy on a pre-patterned Si(111) substrate, on a row of well separated nucleation sites, it was possible to access individual nanowires in the as-grown geometry. The polytype distribution along the growth axis of the nanowires was revealed by synchrotron-based nanoprobe x-ray diffraction techniques monitoring the axial 111 Bragg reflection. For the same nanowires, the spatially-resolved emission properties were obtained by cathodoluminescence hyperspectral linescans in a scanning electron microscope. Correlating both measurements, we reveal a blueshift of the shell quantum well emission energy combined with an increased emission intensity for segments exhibiting a mixed structure of alternating wurtzite and zincblende stacking compared with the pure crystal polytypes. The presence of this mixed structure was independently confirmed by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy.We present a novel technique for investigating the melting and crystallization of nanomaterials in confinement. According to this method, the melting-crystallization phase transitions are traced by sharp changes of viscoelastic properties of matter using quartz resonator Q-factor analysis during heating-cooling cycles. Ge/Bi/Ge layered films, formed by successive condensation of components in high vacuum, were used as the model of nanoscale Bi confined in Ge matrix. Size dependences of the melting and crystallization temperatures have been systematically determined for the samples with Bi film thickness of 5-50 nm. The obtained data are in good agreement with the data obtained previously using in situ transmission electron microscopy techniques.Electrical transport property is closely related to the dimensionality of carriers' distribution. In this work, we succeed in tuning the carriers' distribution and the Rashba spin-orbit coupling at LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface by varying the oxygen pressure (c-P O2) adopted in crystalline LaAlO3 growth. Measurements of the in-plane anisotropic magnetoresistance and the conducting-layer thickness indicate that the carriers' distribution changes from three to two dimensions with c-P O2 increasing, i.e. the electron confinement gets stronger. Importantly, by measuring the low-temperature out-of-plane magnetoresistance and analyzing the weak localization/weak anti-localization, we find that the strength of Rashba spin-orbit coupling can be enhanced by electron confinement. The electron confinement is a manifestation of breaking of spatial inversion symmetry. Therefore, our work reveals the intimate relationship between spatial inversion symmetry breaking and Rashba spin-orbit coupling at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface, and provides a new method to tune the Rashba spin-orbit coupling, which is valuable in the application of oxide-spintronics.PURPOSE To verify the affective feelings (AFs) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) responses during a 10-km competitive head-to-head (HTH) running race and compare them with a time-trial (TT) running race. METHODS Fourteen male runners completed 2 × 10-km runs (TT and HTH) on different days. Speed, RPE, and AF were measured every 400 m. For pacing analysis, races were divided into the following 4 stages first 400 m (F400), 401-5000 m (M1), 5001-9600 m (M2), and the last 400 m (final sprint). RESULTS Improvement of performance was observed (3932 [0241] mins vs 4028 [0255] mins; P = .03; effect size = -0.32) in HTH compared with TT. There were no differences in either pacing strategy or RPE between conditions. AFs were higher during the HTH, being different in M2 compared with TT (2.09 [1.81] vs 0.22 [2.25]; P = .02; effect size = 0.84). CONCLUSIONS AFs are directly influenced by the presence of opponents during an HTH race, and a more positive AF could be involved in the dissociation between RPE and running speed and, consequently, the overall race performance.CONTEXT Several studies have reported that self-massage using a foam roller (FR) increased joint range of motion (ROM) immediately. However, the mechanism of increasing ROM by the FR intervention has not been elucidated. OBJECTIVE To clarify the mechanism by investigating properties and morphological changes of muscles targeted by the FR intervention. DESIGN An interventional study. SETTING An athletic training laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Ten male college volunteers with no injuries in their lower limbs (mean [SD] age 23.8 [3.2] y, height 173.2 [4.9] cm, weight 69.5 [8.6] kg). INTERVENTION The FR intervention on the right plantar flexors for 3 minutes. Oxaliplatin mouse MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Maximum ankle ROM, muscle hardness, and fascicle length of the gastrocnemius muscle at the neutral (0°), maximum dorsiflexion, and maximum plantar flexion positions. All measurements were conducted before (PRE) and after (POST) the FR intervention. RESULTS Dorsiflexion ROM increased significantly at POST (PRE 13.6° [8.0°], POST 16.6° [8.4°]; P less then .