Ballardehlers0826

Objective To conduct a systematic review of the effect of interventions on spatial abilities in the field of technical skills in health care. Methods A literature search was conducted up to November 14, 2017 in Scopus and in several databases on EBSCOhost platform. Citations were obtained, articles related to retained citations were reviewed and a final list of included studies was identified. Methods in the field of technical skills relating an intervention to spatial abilities test scores between intervention groups or obtained before and after the intervention were identified as eligible. The quality of included studies was assessed and data were extracted in a systematic way. Results A series of 5513 citations was obtained. Ninety-nine articles were retained and fully reviewed, yielding four included studies. No difference in the Hidden Figure Test score after one year was observed after residency training in General Surgery of at least nine months. A first-year dental curriculum was not found to elevate the Novel Object Cross-Sections Test score (P = 0.07). A two-semester learning period of abdominal sonography was found to increase the Revised Minnesota Paper Form Board Test score (P less then 0.05). A hands-on radiology course using interactive three-dimensional image post-processing software consisting of seven two-hour long seminars on a weekly basis was found to amplify the Cube Perspective Test score (P less then 0.001). Conclusion Spatial abilities tests scores were enhanced by courses in abdominal sonography and hands-on radiology, but were not improved by residency training in General Surgery and first-year dental curriculum. © 2020 The Authors.STUDY QUESTION Is the age of onset of pubertal markers related to subsequent changes in DNA methylation (DNAm)? SUMMARY ANSWER We identified 273 cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) dinucleotides in girls and 67 CpGs in boys that were related to puberty and that were replicable in two other investigations. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Previously, 457 CpGs (not gender-specific) and 347 (in girls) and 50 (in boys), respectively, were found to be associated with puberty, according to investigations of studies from Denmark (20 girls and 31 boys) and North America (30 girls and 25 boys). STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION The study was based on a birth cohort of 1456 participants born in 1989/90, with follow-up at age 10 and 18 years. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS The follow-up included 470 participants with information on DNAm and age of pubertal onset (244 girls and 226 boys). Age of pubertal onset was ascertained retrospectively at age 18 years. Using the Pubertal Development Scale, both genders were asked about ages of be investigated to determine whether it can act as an early marker for adult diseases known to be associated with puberty. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This work was supported by NIH grants R03HD092776 (Epigenetic characterization of pubertal transitions) and R01AI121226. The 10-year follow-up of this study was funded by National Asthma Campaign, UK (Grant No 364), and the 18-year follow-up by a grant from the National Heart and Blood Institute (R01 HL082925). The authors have no conflicts to report. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology.Background Cardiovascular disorders (CVD) are the single greatest cause of mortality worldwide. In the UK, the National Health Service (NHS) has launched an initiative of health checks over and above current care to tackle CVD. However, the uptake of Health Checks is poor in disadvantaged communities. This protocol paper sets out a UK-based study (Sussex and Nottingham) aiming to co-produce a community delivered CVD risk assessment and coaching intervention to support community members to reduce their risk of CVD.The overall aim of the project is to implement a tailored-to-context community engagement (CE) intervention on awareness of CVD risks in vulnerable populations in high, middle and low-income countries. The specific objectives of the study are to enhance stakeholder' engagement; to implement lifestyle interventions for cardiovascular primary prevention, in disadvantaged populations and motivate uptake of NHS health checks. Methods This study uses both qualitative and quantitative methods in three phasementation outcomes including uptake and engagement and changes in risk profiles. The quantitative component includes pre and post-intervention surveys. The theory of the socio-ecological framework will be applied to analyse the community engagement approach. Discussion Based on the results ultimately a sustainable community engagement-based strategy for the primary prevention of CVD risk will be developed to enhance the performance of NHS health care in the UK. The Trial Registration number is ISRCTN68334579. © The Author(s) 2020.Lung cancer is one of the most harmful malignant tumors to human health. The accurate judgment of the pathological type of lung cancer is vital for treatment. Traditionally, the pathological type of lung cancer requires a histopathological examination to determine, which is invasive and time consuming. In this work, a novel residual neural network is proposed to identify the pathological type of lung cancer via CT images. Due to the low amount of CT images in practice, we explored a medical-to-medical transfer learning strategy. Specifically, a residual neural network is pre-trained on public medical images dataset luna16, and then fine-tuned on our intellectual property lung cancer dataset collected in Shandong Provincial Hospital. Data experiments show that our method achieves 85.71% accuracy in identifying pathological types of lung cancer from CT images and outperforming other models trained with 2054 labels. Our method performs better than AlexNet, VGG16 and DenseNet, which provides an efficient, non-invasive detection tool for pathological diagnosis. © 2020 Shudong Wang et al., published by De Gruyter.Background Laser hemorrhoidoplasty (LHP) is a new technique for treatment of hemorrhoids. The exact extent of coagulation is not visible at the time of the procedure. There currently is no experimental or clinical data on the subject. Objective To evaluate the length of coagulation defect according to power and activation time of 1470nm diode laser on the perianal tissue model. Methods Fresh anorectal tissue of twenty-four pigs was used to produce 54 experimental samples. Each sample was randomly assigned to the laser power of 6, 8 and 10 W and 1, 2 or 3-second pulses. The procedure was performed using Biolitec Ceralas © diode laser with 1.85 mm optical fiber. The fiber was inserted in a manner, similar to intrahemorrhoidal laser application. Samples were evaluated using low-power and high-power light microscopy by a single pathologist. The length of tissue injury was measured on high-magnification microscopy. Results The longest tissue injury (mean 3.93 mm) was caused by the longest laser exposure time (3 sec) with no significant difference between laser power used. Conclusions 8 W 3-second application of the 1470nm diode laser results in coagulation area approximately 4 mm, and further coagulation should be initiated approximately 5 mm from the first one. © 2020 Donatas Danys et al., published by De Gruyter.Background Recent studies demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were involved in many biological processes. Dysregulated lncRNAs are related to many cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the molecular mechanism of lncRNA ZEB1-AS1 in CRC is not clear. Methods LncRNA ZEB1-AS1, miR-205, and YAP1 expression were measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (QRT-PCR). YAP1 protein expression was measured by western blotting. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the relationship between ZEB1-AS1, miR-205, and YAP1. Results LncRNA ZEB1-AS1 and YAP1 was upregulated in CRC tissues. The expression of YAP1 was positively correlated with ZEB1-AS1. Knockdown of ZEB1-AS1 inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in CRC cell line SW480 and HCT116 which could be reversed by overexpression of YAP1. ZEB1-AS1 targeted and regulated miR-205 which could directly bind to YAP1. Meanwhile, ZEB1-AS1 regulated the expression of YAP1 via modulating miR-205. Conclusion Long non-coding RNA ZEB1-AS1 silencing could inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis of colorectal cancer via regulating miR-205 and YAP1. © 2020 Zhong Jin, Bing Chen, published by De Gruyter.Objectives Monitoring the early treatment effect of sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients is a diagnostic challenge. In a previous study, we reported the potential role of liver computed tomography perfusion (CTP) in the assessment of the response to sorafenib therapy in HCC. The present study aims to investigate whether sorafenib-targeted genes is correlated with CTP parameter, and investigate the potential of sorafenib-targeted genes in early prediction of therapeutic response to sorafenib in advanced HCC. Methods A total of 21 HCC patients were enrolled. Sorafenib was administered orally at a dose of 400 mg twice daily continuously. Treatment response was assessed using modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mRECIST) criteria. CTP scanning was performed before and after two weeks of sorafenib treatment using a 320-detector row CT scanner. The perfusion parameters of portal vein flow (PVF), hepatic artery flow (HAF), and perfusion index (PI) were acquired by CTP. The expression levels of several sorafenib-targeted genes were assayed using real-time quantitative PCR and western blot analysis. Logistic regression was performed to analyze the relationship between HAF values and RAF1 expression levels. Results According to mRECIST, the disease control rate (CR+PR+SD) of treatment group was 70.5% after two months of treatment. Compared to background controls, tumor tissues exhibited higher HAF. A sorafenib-targeted gene, RAF1 expression, was increased in tumor tissues especially in the sorafenib-resistant group. The sorafenib-resistant group exhibited a significantly higher RAF1 expression and HAF than the sensitive group. Moreover, the RAF1 expression is positively correlated with the HAF value. Conclusion RAF1 expression might predict therapeutic effects of sorafenib in advanced HCC, where RAF1 could potentially serve as a molecular marker for monitoring early therapeutic effects after sorafenib treatment. © 2020 Ninzi Tian et al. published by De Gruyter.Purpose We hypothesized that the current criteria may be unsuitable for lacunar pontine infarctions (LPI) diagnosis and that size criteria may indicate different stroke mechanisms. Methods A total of 102 patients with isolated pontine infarctions were divided into a parent artery disease (PAD) and non-PAD groups according to stenosis of basilar artery. Further, 86 patients from the non-PAD group were divided into paramedian pontine infarction (PPI) and LPI groups. Data were collected from the three groups. The "golden" criterion for LPI was established based on the location of the infarction. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the optimal cutoff value to use as an LPI diagnostic indicator. Results There was a high prevalence of patients with PAD in both asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis (ACAS) and PPI groups. Disufenton molecular weight Patients with PPI had a higher prevalence in diabetes and ACAS than those with LPI. Based upon the ROC curve, the optimal lesion size cutoff value for use as an LPI diagnostic indicator was 11.