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An eleven-year-old boy visited the Department of Ophthalmology due to visual acuity loss accompanied by high intraocular tension in the left eye for one year. Besides glaucoma, the typical ocular manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1 such as bilateral Lisch nodules of the iris, multiple patchy choroidal nodules and retinal microvascular abnormalities were identified, and Cafe-au-lait macules appeared on the body skin. Based on the medical history, clinical presentation and auxiliary examination results, the diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 1 with secondary glaucoma in the left eye was confirmed.A 6-year-old boy with blurred vision for 18 months was diagnosed as bilateral spherophakia and ectopia lentis. He received lensectomy and implantation of an iris-claw intraocular lens in the posterior chamber in both eyes. Good visual results were achieved, and there were no complications during the two-year follow-up.Objective To investigate the possible role of pyroptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs) in the occurrence of diabetic cataract. Methods Experimental research. A total of 70 cataract lens anterior capsule and aqueous humor samples were obtained from 70 eyes (70 patients) with cataracts in the operation room of Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital between March 2020 and November 2020. Patients were divided into the non-diabetic and diabetic groups, with 35 patients (35 eyes) in each group. The expressions of Nod like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), cysteine-aspartic proteases 1 (caspase-1) and Gasdermin D protein (GSDMD) in the lens anterior capsule were detected by Western blotting, real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical staining. Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 inaqueous humor were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The independent sample t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results The age was (70±9) years in the diabetic group and (71±8) years in the non-diabetic group. Th/L and (20.983±0.018) fg/L in the diabetic group, significantly higher than those of the non-diabetic group [(4.063±0.017) fg/L and (20.509±0.073) fg/L; t=20.63, 37.21; both P˂0.01]. Conclusion Caspase-1-mediated pyroptosis of LECs and the release of inflammatory mediators induced by pyroptosis may be involved in the occurrence and development of diabetic cataract.Objective To investigate the relationship between corneal refractive power and anterior chamber parameters in age-related cataract patients with normal axial lengths and shallow anterior chambers. Methods Retrospective case series study. Clinical data of 627 age-related cataract patients (627 eyes) with axial lengths between 22 mm and 24 mm and anterior chamber depths less than 2.20 mm treated in the Department of Ophthalmology of Peking University International Hospital from June 2018 to October 2021 were selected. There were 215 male patients and 412 female patients, with an average age of (75±10) years. According to the average corneal refractive power, eyes were divided into groups of keratometry (K)0.05). Conclusion For age-related cataract patients with normal axial lengths and shallow anterior chambers, the anterior chamber depth increase and the corneal diameter decrease with the increase of corneal refractive power, but there is no significant change in anterior chamber volume and anterior chamber angle.Objective To understand the developmental characteristics of early ocular biological parameters in patients with congenital cataract. Methods Retrospective case series study. The ocular biometry data such as the axial length, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth and central corneal thickness of 169 patients under 3 years old who were diagnosed with congenital cataract in Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Hangzhou Branch) from June 2016 to June 2020 were reviewed, and they were analyzed by 3 age groups. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD0530.html There were 87, 41, and 41 patients in three age groups, 1 to 6 months, 7 to 12 months, and 13 to 36 months, respectively; 108 patients with bilateral affected eyes and 61 patients with unilateral affected eyes were included; 84 patients with partial opacity lens and 85 patients with total opacity lens were included. The right eyes of the patients with bilateral congenital cataract were selected for analysis. Statistical analysis of ocular biological parameters between groups was performed using tature, anterior chamber depth and central corneal thickness. The degree of lens opacity maybe affecte the early axial length development. The axial length in eyes with partial opacity can be shorter than those with total opacity before the age of 6 months, and thereafter gradually outnumbered the latter.Objective To investigate the influence of residual astigmatism on the postoperative visual acuity in cataract patients with implantation of an extended depth of focus intraocular lens (IOL). Methods Retrospective cohort study. A total of 56 eyes of 56 cataract patients who underwent phacoemulsification combined with extended depth of focus IOL implantation from January 2019 to December 2020 at Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University were included. There were 29 males and 27 females in all patients, and the age was (65±9) years. Patients were divided into two groups according to their postoperative residual astigmatism low astigmatism group (0.05). Conclusion Cataract patients with residual postoperative astigmatism 0.75 to 1.50 D can obtain as good visual quality as those with postoperative residual astigmatism less then 0.75 D after implantation of an extended depth of focus IOL.Cataract is the main cause of preventable visual impairment in children. Children requires special perioperative management because of their anatomical, physiological, behavioral, and developmental characteristics. In order to strengthen the standardized perioperative management of cataracts in children, the Chinese Cataract and Refractive Surgery Society has conducted a comprehensive discussion on the timing of surgery, surgical techniques, perioperative medications, and postoperative visual rehabilitation in children. The consensus has been reached to provide clinical guidance for Chinese ophthalmologists.Glaucoma following cataract surgery is one of the common complications after pediatric cataract surgery, and it is the main cause of "second blindness" in children. Since this atypical disease is difficult to diagnose and evaluate, it has been gradually paid more attention by clinicians. There are still some controversies and challenges related to the characteristics of the disease, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options. This article discusses the definition, diagnostic criteria, related risk factors, treatment strategies, follow-up, and prognoses of glaucoma following cataract surgery. Establishment of a diagnosis and treatment system can better improve the visual rehabilitation of pediatric cataract children.
In the early stages of the pandemic, the first reports began that alcohol consumption could increase the risk of becoming infected and worsening the prognosis disease. This is for two reasons behavioral and socio-economic factors that characterize a part of this population can be the cause of viral spread and a direct or indirect negative action of ethanol on the immune system.
The data used for the preparation of these recommendations are based on a detailed analysis of the scientific literature published before March 31, 2022 (Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar). Furthermore, in the process of developing this work, we consulted the guidelines / position papers of the Italian Society on Alcohol and of the World Health Organization.
It has been confirmed that AC is in COVID-19 era a risky behavior and that AUD and substance use disorder (SUD) patients are certainly at greater risk of contracting infection and also of having a worse course.
In light of what has been said recommendations can be madeke, diet, physical exercise, etc) and preferential policies in population with comorbidities; implement actions that reduce the average consumption of alcohol by avoiding hazardous/harmful consumption. Abstension is better; identify alcohol consumption through a more in-depth alcohol history, using the AUDIT; AUDs patients are frail patients deserving a complete vaccination course; suggest a period of alcoholic abstention of at least thirty days before vaccination to be maintained for the following fifteen days; promoting health education campaigns for young people in order to promote vaccination culture and correct lifestyles.
Hemorrhoidal disease (HD) is one of the most common anorectal benign disorder affecting millions of people around the world. Grade I-II HD are generally treated with a conservative approach with topical products such as creams and ointments considered a safe and effective option to treat mild symptoms. The aim of the present study is to assess the safety and efficacy of a topical medical device (Lenoid™) in patients affected by symptomatic HD.
This study is a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, 2-weeks clinical trial. Patients affected by I-II grade symptomatic HD were enrolled in the study and then randomly assigned to Lenoid™ Arm (LA) or Placebo Arm (PA), respectively. Patients were evaluated before and after intervention through clinical examination and disease-specific questionnaires assessing symptoms such as pain, tenesmus, pruritus and anal discharge.
A total of 68 patients were screened and 60 (30 in each group) were enrolled into the study. All patients belonging to LA showed a statistically significant improvement of each symptom after 7 and 14 days of treatment when compared to PA (p < 0.001). Furthermore, subjective improvement of change in overall assessment of disease was observed in the LA but not in the PA. No serious adverse events were recorded.
The tested product (Lenoid™) was found safe and effective in improving clinical signs and symptoms in patients with grade I-II HD.
The tested product (Lenoid™) was found safe and effective in improving clinical signs and symptoms in patients with grade I-II HD.
Endocytoscopy (ECS) is an evolving technology that utilizes ultra-high power magnification for real time cellular imaging without the need for physical biopsy. Its application for gastric cancer (GC) detection is not well evaluated at the current time, but there is potential that ECS can make a real time histopathological diagnosis to differentiate neoplastic from benign lesions. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic utility of ECS for GC detection.
Literature searches through multiple databases were performed for studies using ECS for GC detection until November 2021. Measured outcomes included the pooled sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Quality assessment of diagnostic studies tool was used to assess the risk of bias.
Four studies (n=245) were included. The pooled sensitivity was 83.5% (95% CI 75% - 89%, I2 0) and specificity was 91.7% (95% CI 79% - 97%, I2 58%). The pooled accuracy was 89.2% (95% CI 83% - 94%, I2 38%). There was a low risk of bias.
ECS is an accurate diagnostic modality and has the potential to serve as a complimentary tool in screening for GC. Larger prospective studies are needed to validate these findings before its further widespread use.
ECS is an accurate diagnostic modality and has the potential to serve as a complimentary tool in screening for GC. Larger prospective studies are needed to validate these findings before its further widespread use.
