Astrupkold7368

The growth of hetero-epitaxial ZnO-AlN core-shell nanowires (NWs) and single crystalline AlN films on non-polar ZnO substrate at temperature of 380 °C by atomic layer deposition (ALD) was investigated. Autophagy inhibitor ic50 Structural characterization shows that the AlN shells have excellent single-crystal properties. The epitaxial relationship of [0002]ZnO//[0002]AlN, and [10-10]ZnO//[10-10]AlNbetween ZnO core and AlN shell has been obtained. The ZnO NW templates were subsequently removed by annealing treatment in forming gas, resulting in ordered arrays of AlN single-crystal nanotubes. The impact factors on the epitaxial growth of AlN films are thoroughly investigated. It turned out that the growth parameters including lattice mismatch between substrate and AlN, growth temperature, and the polarity of ZnO substrate play important roles on the growth of single-crystal AlN films by ALD. Finally, non-polar AlN films with single-crystalline structure have been successfully grown onm-plane ZnO (10-10) single-crystal substrates. The as-grown hollow AlN nanotubes arrays and non-polar AlN films with single-crystalline structures are suggested to be highly promising for applications in nanoscale devices. Our research has developed a potential method to obtain other inorganic nanostructures and films with single-crystalline structure at fairly low temperature.In this study, we investigated the effect of an Al2O3barrier layer in an all-solid-state inorganic Li-based nano-ionic synaptic transistor (LST) with Li3PO4electrolyte/WOxchannel structure. Near-ideal synaptic behavior in the ultralow conductance range (∼50 nS) was obtained by controlling the abrupt ion migration through the introduction of a sputter-deposited thin (∼3 nm) Al2O3interfacial layer. A trade-off relationship between the weight update linearity and on/off ratio with varying Al2O3layer thickness was also observed. To determine the origin of the Al2O3barrier layer effects, cyclic voltammetry analysis was conducted, and the optimal ionic diffusivity and mobility were found to be key parameters in achieving ideal synaptic behavior. Owing to the controlled ion migration, the retention characteristics were considerably improved by the Al2O3barrier. Finally, a highly improved pattern recognition accuracy (83.13%) was achieved using the LST with an Al2O3barrier of optimal thickness.We have investigated the local structure of liquid and amorphous phases of Sb2Te phase change memory material by the means of density functional theory-molecular dynamics simulations. The models of liquid and amorphous states were generated by quenching from the melt. The results show that the local environment of liquid Sb2Te is a mixed bonding geometry, where the average coordination numbers (CNs) of Sb and Te atoms are 4.93 and 4.23, respectively. Compared with crystalline state, there are more Sb-Sb bonds (∼53%) and less Sb-Te bonds (∼42%) with the presence of Te-Te bonds (∼5%) in liquid Sb2Te. Therefore, the formation of homopolar bonds and the breaking of heteropolar bonds are important structural transformations in melt process. For amorphous Sb2Te, the average CNs of Sb and Te atoms are 4.54 and 3.57, respectively. They are mostly in an octahedral environment, similar to the case in crystalline phase. The fractions of Sb-Sb, Te-Te, and Sb-Te bonds are ∼52%, ∼2%, and ∼46%, respectively. Thus, the increase in the fraction of octahedron accompanied with the decrease in average CN is the major structural changes in quenching process. Furthermore, the octahedral geometry in both the crystalline and amorphous Sb2Te increases the local structural similarity, facilitating the rapid low-energy crystallization.In this study, BiFeO3 (BFO) nanosheets ground from BFO particles were first incorporated with wool pallets to construct the sandwich-like wool-BFO composites using the vibration-assisted ball milling technique in freezing condition. The wool-BFO composites were then loaded with a thick layer of TiO2 nanoparticles to prepare the core-shell structured wool-BFO-TiO2 composites using the hydrothermal synthesis process. The microstructure of the core-shell wool-BFO-TiO2 composites and its photocatalytic applications were systematically examined by using a series of characterization methods. The trapping experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra were also employed to judge the active radical species like superoxide radical (O2-), singlet oxygen (1O2), hole (h+), and hydroxyl radical (OH) by using benzoquinone (BQ), furfuryl alcohol (FFA), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), and tert-butanol (TBA) as the scavengers, respectively. The photodegradation performance of the wool-BFO-TiO2 composites was measured using more resistant methyl orange (MO) dye as the pollutant model. In comparison with the wool-TiO2 or wool-BFO composites, the superior photocatalytic properties of the wool-BFO-TiO2 composites under visible light irradiation were attributed to the presence of mesopores and macropores, the large specific surface area, and the intimate interface between wool-BFO composites and TiO2 nanoparticles, the coexistence of Fe3+, Fe2+, Bi3+, Bi(3-x)+, Ti4+, and Ti3+species, and the strong visible light harvesting, thus leading to the fast separation of photo-generated electrons and holes pairs. The wool-BFO-TiO2 composites could be used for the repeatedly photodegradation of organic pollutants, while be recycled easily by using a magnet. The active radical species of the wool-BFO-TiO2 composites were O2- and 1O2 rather than OH and h+, which were involved in the photodegradation of MO dye under visible light irradiation.Optical penetration inside human skin is constrained by the wavelength dependent scattering and absorption losses by tissue microstructure and chromophores. This computational study investigates whether the signature of hematocrit variation from plexus i.e., the first skin layer having very small blood volume percentage distributed in capillary vessels, is retained by the detected photoacoustic response. Thein-silicoskin phantom is irradiated by a light source equivalent to a small footprint and low power (below 5 W) continuous wave LASER diode. As the low fluence can be compensated by exploiting strong absorption by targeted chromophores (hemoglobin molecules), an irradiation of wavelength 405 nm has been used to generate detectable pressure from capillary blood vessels of plexus. Optical energy deposition inside the tissue has been modelled using Monte Carlo technique and the pressure wave is computed using k-wave. It is found that with the increase in hematocrit from 10% to 50%, photoacoustic amplitude monotonically increases and gets almost doubled.