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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication





Medicines can be a useful tool to help manage anxiety symptoms. Psychologists are trained in the use and prescription of medication. They can prescribe the appropriate medication to minimize side effects.

Treatment for anxiety disorders is usually three-pronged, including medication, psychotherapy and exercise. SSRIs are the first option of medication to treat anxiety, can take up to several weeks to take effect.

SSRIs

SSRIs are the drugs that are most commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders. The latest SSRIs have more favorable adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs). Several SSRIs have been FDA-approved to treat anxiety disorders that are generalized. They include fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paraxetine, (aka Paxil), and sertraline (aka Zoloft), as well as citalopram, (aka Celexa).

These drugs can boost serotonin in the brain, and could also help boost norepinephrine or BDNF. They are able to be used in combination with psychotherapy or on their own. SSRIs can cause side effects, like stomach and nausea, but these usually improve as the body becomes used to the medication.

The precise mechanism behind the action of SSRIs on anxiety is not well understood. It is believed that SSRIs block serotonin reuptake by post-synaptic neurons and increase the amount of serotonin in the synaptic gaps. This increases the amount of signaling across the synapse, which consequently reduces anxiety symptoms.

SSRIs can decrease anxiety and increase the frequency of panic attacks. They also aid in the treatment of depression and other mental health disorders that often co-occur with anxiety disorders. They can be incorporated into cognitive behavior therapy or psychotherapy to enhance their effectiveness.

Unlike some other classes of antidepressants, SSRIs do not appear to be addictive. Nevertheless, it is important to follow the prescriptions of your doctor precisely. If you suddenly stop taking your medication, it may result in "discontinuation" syndrome and anxiety symptoms to come back.

If SSRIs are not suitable for you, your doctor could consider a different type of antidepressants, like mirtazapine or nefazodone. These drugs are also effective, but have a higher risk of adverse effects than the more recent SSRIs.

SSRIs can interact with certain foods, including red meat, eggs, dairy, and some fruits and vegetables. It is recommended to stay clear of these foods if you're taking these medications. It is also generally recommended that you avoid drinking alcohol while taking SSRIs, as this can increase some side effects.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines improve the calming effect of certain chemicals in the nervous system and brain. They work by increasing the effects of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acids (GABA), a substance that inhibits nerve activity. These drugs are effective in treating anxiety disorders, insomnia, and other mental disorders. They can be addictive, and should only be used for a short time under medical supervision. They can be harmful when used recreationally, or when mixed with alcohol and other substances.

When people have anxiety disorders, they typically look to medication as the first option. However it's not the only option. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, has also been shown to help reduce the symptoms of anxiety disorder. There are a variety of psychotherapies, however cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is the most popular and efficient. This type of therapy teaches you to change your thinking and behavior to are less stressed.

The most common benzodiazepines are alprazolam (Xanax) as well as chlordiazepoxide (Librium) diazepam (Valium), clorazepate (Tranxene), Lorazepam (Ativan), and Quazepam (Dalmane). They all have similar pharmacological properties, but each has its own distinct side effect characteristic. Clorazepate, for instance is more effective in treating seizure disorders than other benzodiazepines. Lorazepam on the other hand, is superior in treating anxiety disorders as than the quazepam.

Although benzodiazepines can be very efficient, they aren't advised for long-term use due to the fact that they can trigger physical dependence and tolerance. They can also trigger withdrawal symptoms, such as a pounding of the heart, sweating, and shaking if you abruptly stop taking them. The symptoms can be extremely unpleasant and can last for weeks but they can be minimized by slowly reducing the medication.

Benzodiazepines are extremely addictive and should be taken only for a short period of duration - typically not more than 4 weeks. You should be monitoring your blood pressure, heart rate and breathing throughout this time so you don't suffer a severe reaction. Talk to your doctor if you are considering using a benzodiazepine.

Beta-blockers

Beta-blockers are employed to treat anxiety-related issues. These drugs prevent adrenaline from binding with beta receptors in your nervous system. This stops the hormone from triggering physical reactions like heart palpitations or tremors. These medications are typically used to treat high blood pressure and other conditions of the cardiovascular system, but they can also be prescribed for non-pharmacological use for anxiety-related disorders.

If you are stressed, your body produces a chemical dubbed adrenaline which signals your body to prepare for fight or flight. Adrenaline is a binder to beta receptors in the brain and the heart which causes your heart rate to increase and may cause other physical reactions. Beta-blockers, which are an class of drugs that is used to treat hypertension and other heart conditions are able to block the binding action of adrenaline which reduces the heart rate and blood pressure.

In contrast to SSRIs and benzodiazepines, which take a few weeks or months to show a significant improvement in your symptoms, beta-blockers work quickly. They are a great choice for people who require immediate relief from anxiety-related symptoms. For instance, people who are required to deliver an address to the public or travel in an airplane. They are also a good option for those suffering from anxiety and chronic heart conditions like atherosclerosis or congestive heart failure.

Although I Am Psychiatry -blockers are effective at alleviating physical symptoms of anxiety, they don't address the underlying cause of the condition. This is why they are usually only prescribed as a part of a comprehensive treatment plan that incorporates counseling and lifestyle changes. They are beneficial for those who have tried medication for anxiety and found it ineffective or had unpalatable side effects.

There are several different types of beta-blockers, including propranolol and atenolol. Your doctor will decide which one is best for you based on your medical history and overall health. These medications can cause negative side effects like low blood pressure or fatigue. It is important to discuss the options for treatment with your doctor.

MAOIs

The first MAOIs were developed in the 1950s. monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are effective antidepressants for some anxiety and depression disorders. However, they're not used as frequently as SSRIs or other antidepressants due to the requirement for strict dietary restrictions and risks of interactions with other drugs. Some MAOIs are in tablet form and are taken orally, while others (such Emsam) are applied as a transdermal skin patch.

MAOIs interfere with the actions of MAO, thereby increasing the amount of serotonin and norepinephrine that is found in the brain. These neurotransmitters play an important role in sleep, mood and appetite as in sexual function as well. MAOIs are anti-anxiety. They are more likely than TCAs or SSRIs to cause side effects and carry warnings regarding suicide.

Your doctor may prescribe additional medications or treatments to manage your symptoms, in addition to the MAOIs below. For instance, a beta-blocker (such as propranolol) is usually prescribed to alleviate physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor may also suggest a relaxation method or other home remedies to ease your anxiety symptoms.

The original MAOI, Iproniazid, was discovered during tuberculosis research in 1952. It was soon discovered to have mood-enhancing properties and is believed to be the first antidepressant medication. Typically, MAOIs are employed when other antidepressants fail to perform, as they could cause serious adverse effects that require immediate medical attention.

It could cause a risky reaction resulting in high blood pressure if you are taking an MAOI when you eat foods that contain tyramine. Tyramine is found in a variety of cheeses and red meats as well as in shellfish, fish and some dietary supplement. This severe reaction can cause headache pain that is throbbing, nausea, vomiting and a fast heartbeat. MAOIs may also interact with other medications and can cause severe side effects like suicidal thoughts or behavior.

Before prescribing MAOIs, your doctor will discuss with you the foods you should avoid. They will instruct you to avoid eating foods that contain tyramine while you take the medication. They will also provide a list of foods that are safe to consume when taking MAOIs. This food guide can help you avoid MAOI-related symptoms.