Alirandall6058

the largest contributions in explaining the initially small between-strata variation in risk of LBP. The low DA of the intersectional strata indicates the existence of limited intersectional inequalities in LBP consultation. Therefore, interventions to reduce LBP risk should be universal rather than targeted to specific socioeconomic groups with a higher average risk. Before planning targeted intervention, other risk factors with higher DA need to be identified.

Low back pain is a leading cause of disability globally. It is a common reason for presentation to the emergency department where opioids are commonly prescribed. This is a retrospective cohort study of opioid-naive adults with low back pain presenting to 1 of 4 emergency departments in Nova Scotia. We use routinely collected administrative clinical and drug-use data (July 2010-November 2017) to investigate the prevalence of prolonged opioid use and associated individual and prescription characteristics. In total, 23,559 eligible individuals presented with nonspecific low back pain, with 84.4% being opioid-naive. Our study population included 4023 opioid-naive individuals who filled a new opioid prescription within 7 days after their index emergency department visit (24.4%). The prevalence of prolonged opioid use after a new opioid prescription for low back pain (filling an opioid prescription 8-90 days after the emergency department visit and filling a subsequent prescription ±30 days of 6 months) was 4.6%dations. Our study provides evidence to support a cautious approach to prescribing in opioid-naive populations.

To assess differences in health access and utilization among Middle Eastern American adults by White racial identity and citizenship.

Data from the 2011 to 2018 National Health Interview Surveys (N=1013) and survey-weighted logistic regression analyses compare Middle Eastern immigrants by race and citizenship on access and utilization of health care in the United States.

White respondents had 71% lower odds of delaying care [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=0.34; 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.13, 0.71] and 84% lower odds of being rejected by a doctor as a new patient (AOR=0.16; 95% CI=0.03, 0.88) compared to non-White respondents. US citizens had higher odds of visiting the doctor in the past 12 months compared with noncitizens (AOR=1.76; 95% CI=1.25, 2.76).

Middle Eastern immigrants who do not identify as White and who are not US citizens are significantly less likely to access and utilize health care compared with those who identify as White and are US citizens.

This study shows that racial and citizenship disparities persist among Middle Eastern Americans at a national-level, playing a critical role in access to and use of health care.

This study shows that racial and citizenship disparities persist among Middle Eastern Americans at a national-level, playing a critical role in access to and use of health care.

For decades, the prevailing assumption regarding the diffusion of high-cost medical technologies has been that competitive markets favor more aggressive adoption of new treatments by health care providers (ie, the "Medical Arms Race"). However, novel regulations governing the adoption of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) may have disrupted this paradigm when TAVR was introduced.

The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between the market concentration of physician group practices and the adoption of TAVR in its first years of use.

This was a retrospective cohort study.

Physician group practices (n=5116) providing interventional cardiology services in the United States from May 1, 2012, to December 31, 2014.

The first use of TAVR as indicated by a fee-for-service Medicare claim. #link# Covariates including characteristics of the physician groups (ie, case volume, hospital affiliation, mean patient risk) as well as county-level and market-level characteristics.

By the close of regulations may shape patterns of technology adoption.

Little is known about the health care experiences of American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIANs) due to limited data.

The objective of this study was to investigate the health care experiences of AIAN Medicare beneficiaries relative to non-Hispanic Whites using national survey data pooled over 5 years.

A total of 1,193,248 beneficiaries who responded to the nationally representative 2012-2016 Medicare Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) surveys.

Linear regression models predicted CAHPS measures from race and ethnicity. Scores on the CAHPS measures were linearly transformed to a 0-100 range and case-mix adjusted. Three AIAN groups were compared with non-Hispanic Whites single-race AIANs (n=2491; 0.4% of the total sample), multiple-race AIANs (n=15,502; 1.3%), and Hispanic AIANs (n=2264; 0.2%).

Among AIAN groups, single-race AIANs were most likely to live in rural areas and areas served by the Indian Health Service; Hispanic AIANs were most likely to be Spanish-language-preustomer service.

The aim of this study was to design and validate a questionnaire to analyze students' expectations, along with their level of interest and overall satisfaction with their nursing studies.

The expectations of students on entering university are closely related to the level of interest that they have in their area of study and their general satisfaction with it. This is certainly a conditioning factor in their learning. In this regard, there are few quantitative instruments that measure the expectations of first-year nursing students.

A mixed questionnaire was constructed using items validated in previous studies, along with new items formulated following a review of the literature. The questionnaire was validated with a sample of 339 first-year degree program nursing students.

The scales of expectations and degree of interest showed strong internal consistency (Cronbach's α > .7).

The questionnaire to evaluate the expectations and interest of students demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties.

The questionnaire to evaluate the expectations and interest of students demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a multifactorial chronic disease, and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play important roles in the pathology of AS. Micro-RNAs regulate multiple cellular biological processes. link2 This study aimed to investigate the clinical value of miR-183-5p in AS patients and further explored the effects of miR-183-5p on the proliferation and migration of VSMCs.

Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to test the level of miR-183-5p. The diagnostic value of miR-183-5p for AS patients was assessed by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The proliferation and migration of VSMCs were determined via the CCK-8 and Transwell assay.

MiR-183-5p was highly expressed in AS patients compared with the healthy group. Serum miR-183-5p expression was positively associated with carotid intima-media thickness and C-reactive protein in AS patients. The ROC analysis suggested that miR-183-5p had the quality to be used as a biomarker with high specificity and sensitivity for AS detection. Overexpression of miR-183-5p promoted the proliferation and migration of VSMCs.

MiR-183-5p is highly expressed in AS patients, which promotes the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. MiR-183-5p may be a key molecular in the diagnosis and treatment of AS in the future.

MiR-183-5p is highly expressed in AS patients, which promotes the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. MiR-183-5p may be a key molecular in the diagnosis and treatment of AS in the future.

Since COVID-19 outbreak, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been tested for effective therapies, and the relevant researches have shown controversial results.

Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted after a thorough search of relevant studies from databases. Trials that have evaluated HCQ for COVID-19 treatment were recruited for statistical analysis with fixed- and random-effect models.

Nine trials involving 4112 patients were included in present meta-analysis. It was seen that HCQ-azithromycin (HCQ-AZI) combination regimen increased the mortality rate in COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR], 2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.63-3.36) patients; however, it also showed benefits associated with the viral clearance in patients (OR, 27.18; 95% CI, 1.29-574.32). HCQ-alone when used as a therapy in COVID-19 did not reveal significant changes in mortality rate, clinical progression, viral clearance, and cardiac QT prolongation. Subsequent subgroup analysis showed that HCQ treatment could decrease mortality rateith viral clearance in patients. HCQ-alone used for treatment has revealed benefits in decreasing the mortality rate among severely infected COVID-19 group and showed potential to be used for COVID-19 treatment in long-term follow-up period group. Accordingly, more rigorous, large-scale, and long follow-up period studies in patients with COVID-19 are needed.

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the XEN45 Gel Stent in East Asian patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).

We retrospectively reviewed 37 medically uncontrolled POAG patients who received XEN45 Gel Stent. The primary outcomes were reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) and in the number of glaucoma medications 12 months after surgery. The secondary outcomes were requirement for intervention and further glaucoma surgery. The adverse intraoperative and postoperative events were investigated.

At the 12-month postoperative follow-up, the mean IOP was significantly reduced from the preoperative value of 21.7 ± 7.7 mmHg to 15.0 ± 2.0 mmHg (p = 0.001). The mean number of glaucoma medications decreased from 3.4 ± 0.9 to 1.3 ± 1.5 (p < 0.001). Seventeen patients (45.9%) required postoperative interventions. Four patients (10.8%) received additional glaucoma surgery. Postoperative IOP at month 1 was significantly associated with outcomes at the 12-month follow-up and the need for subsequent intervention and additional glaucoma surgery.

The XEN45 Gel Stent effectively reduced the IOP values and number of glaucoma medications in East Asian patients with POAG. No major complications were observed, but almost half of the eyes in the study required intervention for wound healing modification. Postoperative IOP at month 1 was a predictor of surgical success at 12 months after surgery.

The XEN45 Gel Stent effectively reduced the IOP values and number of glaucoma medications in East Asian patients with POAG. link3 No major complications were observed, but almost half of the eyes in the study required intervention for wound healing modification. Postoperative IOP at month 1 was a predictor of surgical success at 12 months after surgery.

To provide state-level traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related emergency department (ED) visit, hospitalization, and death estimates by sex for 2014.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Core Violence and Injury Prevention Program and State Injury Indicators-participating states.

Cross-sectional.

Number and rate of TBI-related ED visits, hospitalizations, and deaths (indicators) by sex in over 25 states.

Across all states that supplied data, males had higher rates of TBI-related ED visits, hospitalizations, and deaths than females. However, for some indicators, high rates for both sexes and low rates for both sexes appeared clustered in a specific region of the United States. There was also within- Fatostatin SREBP inhibitor in TBI rates by indicator and sex. For example, within-state variability between sexes ranged from as low as 2.8% for ED visits and as high as 335% for deaths.

TBI-related ED visits, hospitalizations, and deaths varied by state and by sex, and evidence was found for within-state variability in TBI rates by indicator and sex in 2014.