Albrektsennoer6657

These findings contribute to the identification of therapeutic targets for food allergies.Arginine phosphorylation was only recently discovered to play a significant and relevant role in the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis. In addition, arginine phosphorylation was also detected in Staphylococcus aureus, suggesting a widespread role in bacteria. However, the large-scale analysis of protein phosphorylation, and especially those that involve a phosphoramidate bond, comes along with several challenges. The substoichiometric nature of protein phosphorylation requires proper enrichment strategies prior to LC-MS/MS analysis, and the acid instability of phosphoramidates was long thought to impede those enrichments. Furthermore, good spectral quality is required, which can be impeded by the presence of neutral losses of phosphoric acid upon higher energy collision-induced dissociation. Here we show that pArg is stable enough for commonly used Fe3+-IMAC enrichment followed by LC-MS/MS and that HCD is still the gold standard for the analysis of phosphopeptides. By profiling a serine/threonine kinase (Stk1) and phosphatase (Stp1) mutant from a methicillin-resistant S. aureus mutant library, we identified 1062 pArg sites and thus the most comprehensive arginine phosphoproteome to date. Using synthetic arginine phosphorylated peptides, we validated the presence and localization of arginine phosphorylation in S. aureus. Finally, we could show that the knockdown of Stp1 significantly increases the overall amount of arginine phosphorylation in S. aureus. However, our analysis also shows that Stp1 is not a direct protein-arginine phosphatase but only indirectly influences the arginine phosphoproteome.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is characterized by stenosis, occlusion, and formation of aberrant collaterals of brain vessels. This derangement in the brain vessels in conditions associated with changes in intracranial pressure can lead to arterial ischemic stroke (AIS). A major challenge for stroke physicians is to recommend the safest method of delivery for pregnant patients with MMD. Using a large national database, our objective in this study was to analyze the risk of AIS in patients with MMD who underwent vaginal delivery (VD) and cesarean section (C-section).

We used the National Inpatient Sample database for the years 2013-2018 to identify patients with a diagnosis of MMD who underwent VD or C-section. Multiple logistic regression was performed to assess the risk of AIS in VD versus C-section.

Of 2166 female patients with MMD, 97 underwent VD or C-section 49 (50.51%) underwent VD, and 48 (49.48%) underwent C-section. The analysis of outcomes between VD and C-section showed a higher prevalence of AIS after VD compared with C-section (8.2% vs 6.3%, P= 0.716). The multivariate analysis for AIS showed that VD is not an independent risk factor compared with C-section (odds ratio= 2.1, 95% CI= 0.3-13.3, P= 0.417).

Our data did not find evidence that VD and C-section are risk factors for AIS in pregnant patients with MMD.

Our data did not find evidence that VD and C-section are risk factors for AIS in pregnant patients with MMD.

Previous studies have reported the return to play (RTP) rates for athletes after lumbar discectomy but not specifically for younger athletes. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the RTP rate for young athletes after lumbar microdiscectomy.

The medical records from a single spine surgeon were reviewed to identify patients who had undergone lumbar microdiscectomy. The patients were included if they were aged ≤21 years at surgery and were athletes. A total of 38 patients (25 males and 13 females) were identified, with a mean age at surgery of 19 years. The level of the herniated nucleus pulposus, variant anatomy, degenerative changes, gender, preoperative blocks, ring apophyseal fractures, and duration of symptoms from onset until surgery were recorded. The patients were interviewed to determine when and if they had returned to play.

Most patients had had degenerative changes at surgery, with a mean Pfirrmann score of 2.2. The average time from symptom onset to surgery was 11 months. All patients were reached for follow-up at an average of 51 months postoperatively. Of the 38 patients, 71% had returned to play at an average of 4.5 months postoperatively. No statistically significant differences were found in the Pfirrmann grade and RTP rates between the high school and collegiate athletes, between the genders, nor between patients with 2-level and 1-level discectomy. The Pfirrmann grade was not significantly different between the patients who had and had not returned to play.

The prognosis for returning to competitive sports after lumbar microdiscectomy in young athletes is good. The RTP rate and Pfirrmann grade were not related to gender, sport level, or discectomy level.

The prognosis for returning to competitive sports after lumbar microdiscectomy in young athletes is good. The RTP rate and Pfirrmann grade were not related to gender, sport level, or discectomy level.

With the recent paradigm shift in neurosurgical publications, open access (OA) publishing is burgeoning along with traditional publishing methods. We aimed to explore costs of publication across 53 journals.

We identified 53 journals publishing neurosurgical work. Journal type, submission and open access charges, color print fees, impact indicators, publisher, and subscription prices were obtained from journal and publisher websites. Costs were unified in U.S. dollars. Mean prices per journal were used to equilibrate membership and subscription discounts. Correlations were performed using Spearman ρ (P < 0.05).

Of 53 journals, 12 were OA only, 40 were hybrid, and 1 was traditional. Submission costs were provided by 22 and 43 journals, respectively, by the end of phase 1 and 2 (prices always for phase 2 26 free of charge, 4 <$500, and 1 <$1000). Median OA charge was $3286 (49 journals; range, $0-$7827). Of 53 journals, 36 did not list print fees for color figures (29 in phase 2). Median fee estimate per figure was $422 (range, $25-$1060). Median personal subscription for 1 year was $344 (range, $60-$1158; 48 journals). Median institutional subscription for 1 year was $2082 (range, $38-$5510; 34 journals). There was a mild positive correlation between Journal Impact Factor and OA fees (ρ= 0.287, P= 0.046).

The lack of easily accessible information about neurosurgical publications, such as submission costs or OA charges, creates an unnecessary hurdle and should be remedied. Publishing in neurosurgery should be a positive learning experience, and cost should not be a limiting factor.

The lack of easily accessible information about neurosurgical publications, such as submission costs or OA charges, creates an unnecessary hurdle and should be remedied. Publishing in neurosurgery should be a positive learning experience, and cost should not be a limiting factor.

Moyamoya disease may present with either hemorrhagic or ischemic strokes. Surgical bypass has previously demonstrated superiority when compared to natural history and medical treatment alone. The best bypass option (direct vs. indirect), however, remains controversial in regard to adult ischemic symptomatic moyamoya disease. Multiple studies have demonstrated clinical as well as angiographic effectiveness of direct bypass in adult hemorrhagic moyamoya disease. In particular, there are limited data regarding strategies in the setting of failed indirect bypass with recurrent hemorrhagic strokes. Here, we describe a salvage procedure.

We describe a case of a 52-year-old man who presented with hemorrhagic moyamoya disease and failed previous bilateral encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) procedures at an outside institution. On a 3-year follow-up diagnostic cerebral angiogram, no synangiosis was noted on the right side and only minimal synangiosis was present on the left. The left hemisphere was significant for a left parietal hypoperfusion state. We performed a salvage left proximal superficial temporal artery to distal parietal M4 middle cerebral artery bypass using the descending branch of the lateral circumflex artery as an interposition graft with preservation of the existing EDAS sites.

The patient underwent the procedure successfully and recovered well with resolution of headaches and no further strokes or hemorrhages on the 1-year follow-up magnetic resonance imaging of the brain.

This case presents the use of a salvage direct bypass technique for recurrent symptomatic hemorrhagic moyamoya disease after failed EDAS. The strategy, approach, and technical nuances of this unique case have implications for revascularization options.

This case presents the use of a salvage direct bypass technique for recurrent symptomatic hemorrhagic moyamoya disease after failed EDAS. The strategy, approach, and technical nuances of this unique case have implications for revascularization options.

Cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) recorded by stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) are a valuable tool to investigate brain reactivity and effective connectivity. However, invasive recordings are spatially sparse since they depend on clinical needs. This sparsity hampers systematic comparisons across-subjects, the detection of the whole-brain effects of intracortical stimulation, as well as their relationships to the EEG responses evoked by non-invasive stimuli.

To demonstrate that CCEPs recorded by high-density electroencephalography (hd-EEG) provide additional information with respect SEEG alone and to provide an open, curated dataset to allow for further exploration of their potential.

The dataset encompasses SEEG and hd-EEG recordings simultaneously acquired during Single Pulse Electrical Stimulation (SPES) in drug-resistant epileptic patients (N=36) in whom stimulations were delivered with different physical, geometrical, and topological parameters. Differences in CCEPs were assessed by amon reference to compare the whole-brain effects of intracortical stimulation to those of non-invasive transcranial or sensory stimulations in humans.

Noninvasive assessment of histological features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been an intensive research area over the last decade. Herein, we aimed to develop a simple noninvasive score using routine laboratory tests to identify, among individuals at high risk for NAFLD, those with fibrotic nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) defined as NASH, NAFLD activity score ≥4, and fibrosis stage ≥2.

The derivation cohort included 264 morbidly obese individuals undergoing intraoperative liver biopsy in Rome, Italy. The best predictive model was developed and internally validated using a bootstrapping stepwise logistic regression analysis (2000 bootstrap samples). Performance was estimated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). External validation was assessed in 3 independent European cohorts (Finland, n= 370; Italy, n= 947; England, n= 5368) of individuals at high risk for NAFLD.

The final predictive model, designated as Fibrotic NASH Index (FNI), combined aspartate aminotransferase, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and hemoglobin A1c. The performance of FNI for fibrotic NASH was satisfactory in both derivation and external validation cohorts (AUROC= 0.78 and AUROC= 0.80-0.95, respectively). In the derivation cohort, rule-out and rule-in cutoffs were 0.10 for sensitivity ≥0.89 (negative predictive value, 0.93) and 0.33 for specificity ≥0.90 (positive predictive value, 0.57), respectively. In the external validation cohorts, sensitivity ranged from 0.87 to 1 (negative predictive value, 0.99-1) and specificity from 0.73 to 0.94 (positive predictive value, 0.12-0.49) for rule-out and rule-in cutoff, respectively.

FNI is an accurate, simple, and affordable noninvasive score which can be used to screen for fibrotic NASH in individuals with dysmetabolism in primary health care.

FNI is an accurate, simple, and affordable noninvasive score which can be used to screen for fibrotic NASH in individuals with dysmetabolism in primary health care.