Albertsenhoumann9986

lization. However, it has longer learning curve and takes minimum 20 cases for the surgeon to acquire reasonable experience and confidence.

Our study aims to assess the safety, efficacy, clinicoradiological, functional, neurological outcomes, and complications of posterior occipitocervical fixation using an occipital plate and C1-2 transarticular screw (TAS) construct.

This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data.

Data of 27 patients who underwent occipital plate and C1-2 TAS construct at a single institute from 2010 to 2015 were collected and analyzed. Demographics, clinical parameters (Visual Analog Score, Oswestry Disability Index, and modified JOA score), radiological parameters - mean atlantodens interval, posterior occipitocervical angle, occipitocervical-2 angle, surgical parameters (operative time, blood loss, hospital stay, and fusion), and complications were evaluated.

The mean age of the patients was 54.074 ± 16.52 years (18-81 years), the mean operative time was 116.29 ± 12.23 min, and the mean blood loss was 196.29 ± 38.94 ml. The mean hospital stay was 5.22 ± 1.28 days. The mean ± standard deviation follial spine will lead to a decrease in the range of motion, increased surgical time, blood loss, more extensive muscle damage, and also increase the costs.

Cervical deformity (CD) correction is becoming more challenging and complex. Understanding the factors that drive optimal outcomes has been understudied in CD correction surgery.

The purpose of this study is to assess the factors associated with improved outcomes (IO) following CD surgery.

Retrospective review of a single-center database.

Sixty-one patients with CD.

The primary outcomes measured were radiographic and clinical "IO" or "poor outcome" (PO). Radiographic IO or PO was assessed utilizing Schwab pelvic tilt (PT)/sagittal vertical axis (SVA), and Ames cervical SVA (cSVA)/TS-CL. Clinical IO or PO was assessed using MCID EQ5D, Neck Disability Index (NDI), and/or improvement in Modified Japanese Orthopedic Association Scale (mJOA) modifier. The secondary outcomes assessed were complication and reoperation rates.

CD patients with data available on baseline (BL) and 1-year (1Y) radiographic measures and health-related quality of life s were included in our study. Patients with reoperations forest predictor of both improved (global alignment) and PO (regional deformity/deterioration). Radiographic factors carry the most weight in determining an improved or PO and can be ultimately utilized in preoperative planning and surgical decision-making to optimize the outcomes.

The categorical weight demonstrated radiographic as the strongest predictor of both improved (global alignment) and PO (regional deformity/deterioration). Radiographic factors carry the most weight in determining an improved or PO and can be ultimately utilized in preoperative planning and surgical decision-making to optimize the outcomes.

Despite increasing promising reports regarding composite titanium (Ti)/PolyEtherEtherKetone (PEEK) cages, further longer-term, quality research is required. Synthetic bone graft substitutes are another rapidly developing area of spinal surgical research.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the outcomes of an integral fixation composite Ti/PEEK cage for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and compare a synthetic bone graft substitute (β-tricalcium phosphate; [βTCP]) with allograft processed using supercritical fluid technology.

Data from 195 consecutive patients were prospectively collected from a single centre. Indications were largely degenerative. Allograft and βTCP were used in a 31 randomization protocol. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 6 months and up to 48 months. Clinical outcomes included visual analogue scale and neck oswestry disability index. Radiographic outcomes included fusion rates, subsidence rates and implant complications.

Graft sub-cohorts were largely coming clinical outcomes.

Cervical radiculopathy is a common pathological entity encountered by spine surgeons. Many surgical options have been described including anterior cervical discectomy with or without fusion to arthroplasty and posterior cervical laminoforaminotomy. Being a motion-preserving procedure, posterior cervical laminoforaminotomy is an excellent treatment for patients with unilateral radiculopathy secondary to a laterally located herniated disc or foraminal stenosis. With the advent of minimally invasive techniques, this procedure has regained popularity.

Although there is enough evidence in the literature highlighting the benefits, safety, and efficacy of minimally invasive versus conventional techniques, a detailed technical report along with long-term surgical outcomes is lacking.

The authors present their experience in minimally invasive cervical laminoforaminotomy (MIS-CLF) over a 7-year period (2013-2020) along with a technical note. Clinical evaluation was performed both before and after surgery, using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores. Patient functional outcome was measured using the modified Odom's criteria.

There were no major perioperative complications. No patient required surgery for the same level during the follow-up period which ranged from 1 to 3 years. Statistically significant results were obtained in all cases, reflected by an improvement in VAS for neck/arm pain.

MIS-CLF is an effective technique for treatment of radiculopathy due to cervical disc herniation in a carefully selected subgroup of patients with good medium- to long-term outcomes. A larger study would possibly highlight the effectiveness of this procedure.

MIS-CLF is an effective technique for treatment of radiculopathy due to cervical disc herniation in a carefully selected subgroup of patients with good medium- to long-term outcomes. A larger study would possibly highlight the effectiveness of this procedure.

In 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) published the 5

version of the soft tissue and bone tumor classification. Based on this novel classification system, we reviewed the current knowledge on all tumor entities with spinal manifestations, their biologic behavior, and most importantly the appropriate treatment options as well as surgical approaches.

All tumor entities were extracted from the WHO Soft-Tissue and Bone Tumor Classification (5

Edition). PubMed and Google Scholar were searched for the published cases of spinal tumor manifestations for each entity, and the following characteristics were extracted Growth pattern, ability to metastasize, peak age, incidence, treatment, type of surgical resection indicated, recurrence rate, risk factors, 5-year survival rate, key molecular or genetic alterations, and possible associated tumor syndromes. Surgical treatment strategies as well as nonsurgical treatment recommendations are presented based on the biologic behavior of each lesion.

Out of 163 of the WHO bone and soft tumor classification, we identified 92 out of 163 tumor entities, which potentially can have spinal manifestations. Exact preoperative tissue diagnosis and interdisciplinary case discussions are crucial. Surgical resection is indicated in a significant subset of patients and has to be tailored to the specific biologic behavior of the targeted tumor entity based on the considerations outlined in detail in this article.Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a rheumatologic disease characterized by ankylosis and ligament ossification of the spine with an elevated risk of vertebrae fractures at the cervical level or cervicothoracic junction. AS related cervical fractures (ASCFs) require early diagnosis and a treatment plan that considers the high risk for additional fractures to avoid neurological complications or death. We present the case of a patient with an ASCF and a review of the literature with key recommendations that shape our algorithm for the proper diagnosis and treatment of ASCFs. We present the case of a 29-year-old male with an ASCF at C5-C6 treated initially with a short segment instrumented arthrodesis that required an additional operation to properly stabilize and protect his spine. Based on our experience with this case and a review of the literature, we discuss three recommendations to improve ASCF management. These include the need for early computed tomography/magnetic resonance image for proper diagnoses, combined surgical approach with long-segment stabilization for maximum stability. Delayed diagnosis or revision surgery, both of which are common in these patients who present with a stiffened and osteoporotic spine, may lead to spinal cord injury or neurologic deficits. Our recommendations based on the most recent evidence can help surgeons better manage these patients and decrease their overall morbidity and mortality.Extrahepatic duplication of the common bile duct (CBD) is an extremely rare anatomic variation seen in the biliary tract. It represents failure of regression of the primitive duplicated biliary ductal system, resulting in five different subtypes of the duplicated CBD as described by Choi et al. To date, only few such cases have been reported in the literature. Associated variation in branching of intrahepatic bile ducts presenting as combined dual ductal anomaly is even rarer phenomena to be seen. Biocytin We report a case of a 67-year-old man with chronic kidney disease and obstructive jaundice resulting from choledocholithiasis. Evaluation revealed type IIIa branching of intrahepatic bile ducts with type Va duplication of the CBD.Recurrent hematemesis and ascites due to portal hypertension are treated by Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) to decompress the portal system. Many causes can be attributed to fever in such patients, one of them being, endotipsitis. Awareness among the clinicians about the existence of such a condition needs to be enhanced to avoid underdiagnosis. The diagnosis of endotipsitis, a primary vegetative infection of the TIPS, requires a high index of suspicion. Here we describe one such case that presented with prolonged fever and sustained bacteremia with a history of TIPS thrombosis. After ruling out all possible causes of fever a diagnosis of probable endotipsitis was made and treated successfully with prolonged targeted antimicrobial therapy without further relapses. Only a handful of cases have been described in literature, and there is an urgent need to develop standard management guidelines. Because definitive treatment, which involves removal of the shunt requires liver transplantation, which is not practically feasible always.The modified derivatives of testosterone, termed as androgenic steroids are indicated in the management of hypogonadism, visceral obesity and metabolic disorders. Anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) however are surreptitiously used by athletes and body builders for cosmetic purpose owing to their anabolic effects on muscle mass and strength. The unsurveilled use of AASs subjects these users to various side effects involving multiple systems such as the endocrine, genitourinary, hepatobiliary, central nervous, musculoskeletal and psychosocial system. The liver is a hormone-sensitive organ owing to abundance of androgen receptors and is vulnerable to a wide array of hepatotoxicity ranging from asymptomatic liver enzyme elevation to life-threatening subacute liver failure. The type of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) due to AASs can be hepatocellular injury, cholestasis, fatty liver disease, chronic vascular injury and neoplastic disease. Herein, we report three cases of AAS-related DILI associated with AAS abuse.