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AIM To explore the prevalence of and risk factors for gallstone disease in Shanghai, China. METHODS A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Shanghai between 2016 and 2017. With a three-stage stratified sampling strategy, 4009 subjects (1753 men and 2256 women) from 10 districts were enrolled. RESULTS The total prevalence of gallstones was 6.83% (6.22% for male vs. 7.31% for female, P = 0.173). According to the multivariate regression analysis, those individuals with age ≥ 40 years (OR 3.058; 95% CI 2.110-4.433; P less then 0.001), history of hypertension (OR 1.479; 95% CI 1.076-2.034; P = 0.016), family history of gallstones (OR 2.234; 95% CI 1.362-3.662; P = 0.001), waist-to-height ratio ≥ 0.5 (OR 1.656; 95% CI 1.197-2.292; P = 0.002) and thyroid disease (OR 1.409; 95% CI 1.029-1.928; P = 0.032) had increased risk to develop gallbladder stone, while drinkers had lower odds of gallbladder stones (OR 0.549; 95% CI 0.365-0.926; P = 0.004). More interestingly, the risk of gallstone disease was 2.232 (95% CI 1.167-4.268; P = 0.015) times higher in the individuals with elevated C4 levels than those with normal C4 levels. Diabetes (OR 4.144; 95%CI 1.171-14.671; P = 0.028) was the risk factors for the formation of gallstones with the diameters ≥1 cm, and males were more susceptible to multiple stones (OR 2.356; 95%CI 1.321-4.200; P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Some variables such as age ≥ 40 years, history of hypertension, Waist-to-height ratio, family gallstone history, thyroid diseases and high C4 level were related to the increased risk of prevalence of gallstone disease, alcohol consumption was negatively associated with gallstone disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Angiogenic T (Tang) cells are mediators of vascular repair, and are characterized by surface expression of CXCR4. This receptor for stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) is cleaved by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4). Tang cell levels were investigated in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared with matched healthy controls and after treatment with the DPP-4 inhibitor Linagliptin. People with T2DM were randomized to 5 mg/day Linagliptin (n = 20) or placebo (n = 21) for 26 weeks. Tang cell frequency was identified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (CD3+ CD31+ CXCR4+ ) and levels of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) (CD34+ CD133+ KDR+ ) were also assessed in whole blood. Circulating Tang cell levels were significantly lower in people with T2DM compared with the healthy control group. Divarasib in vitro SDF-1α levels increased significantly in Linagliptin-treated people with T2DM compared to placebo, and a trend was observed in change of Tang cell levels, while EPC count did not change. In conclusion, circulating Tang cell levels were considerably lower in people with T2DM, while a trend was observed in recruitment of Tang cells after 26 weeks of treatment with Linagliptin. These data suggest that DPP-4 inhibitors may potentially exert beneficial effects on bone marrow-driven vascular repair. © 2020 The Authors. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.HLA-C*15160 N differs from HLA-C*15020101 by a single nucleotide substitution at codon 244 in exon 4. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.AIM Accelerating population ageing is raising concern in many countries now in relation to the availability of workers for essential work roles and responsibilities. A scoping research literature review was done to identify factors currently associated with early retirement and contemporary strategies to encourage and support longer working lives. METHODS Using the PRISMA-ScR Checklist, we searched the Directory of Open Access Journals and EBSCO Discovery Service for published 2013-2018 research articles using the keyword/MeSH term "early retirement"; 54 English-language articles in peer-review journals were reviewed. RESULTS Seven early retirement factors were revealed Ill health, good health, workplace issues, the work itself, ageism, social norms and having achieved personal financial or pension requirement criteria. Six suggested solutions, none proven effective, were identified Occupational health programmes, workplace enhancements, work adjustments, addressing ageism, changing social norms and pension changes. CONCLUSIONS The evidence base on early retirement prevention is not strong, with qualitative investigations needed for in-depth understandings of early retirement influences and mixed-methods studies needed to test early retirement prevention solutions for their effects. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Until more evidence is available, every organisation should perform an early retirement risk assessment and identify current versus needed policies and programmes to encourage and enable more middle-aged and older people to work longer. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.In her guest editorial, Prof. Myunghyun Paik Suh reflects on her 50-year-long career devoted to chemistry, and the many challenges she had to overcome in order to become a world-leading scientist in South Korea. Furthermore, she gives some advice to young faculty members and students based on her experience. © 2020 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Seat belt-related female breast trauma (SFBT) is an uncommon cause of haemorrhage following motor vehicle collision. Classification systems have been used to grade the severity of SFBT, ranging from mild class I to severe class IV injuries with evidence of active haemorrhage. In the case of class IV injuries, contrast extravasation represents active haemorrhage, prompting angiographic embolisation or surgery to arrest the bleed. Contrary to the majority of reports published in the literature, our institution has been successful with conservative management of class IV SFBT. None of the patients required specific intervention to control haemorrhage from SFBT. © 2020 The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists.