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The HR for CHD was 1.05 (95% CI=0.96-1.16, p=0.286) in the hysterectomy group. The HRs for CHD according to the different age subgroups were 1.19 (95% CI=1.03-1.38, p=0.018) for patients aged < 50 years, 1.05 (95% CI=0.89-1.25, p=0.561) for patients aged 50-59 years, and 0.88 (95% CI=0.73-1.05, p=0.147) for patients aged ≥ 60 years.

The incidence of CHD was statistically significantly higher in women who underwent hysterectomy when they were under 50 years of age than in the matched controls.

The incidence of CHD was statistically significantly higher in women who underwent hysterectomy when they were under 50 years of age than in the matched controls.

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a clinical disease that is diagnosed by the loss of ovarian function before the age of 40. Despite recent progress in molecular diagnosis, the genetic etiology of POI is not well established. The aim of this study is to reveal pathogenic genetic variants involved in POI.

To reveal pathogenic genetic variants involved in POI, whole exome sequencing was performed in nonconsanguineous family members with POI. Constitutional variants were filtered against population databases and a missense mutation of natriuretic peptide C (NPPC) (c.131A>G, p.Q44R) was selected as a convincing candidate mutation among 14 heterozygous mutant alleles in 13 genes.

The wild-type NPPC and mutant NPPC (NPPC



) were expressed in HeLa cells, and cells expressing NPPC



secreted unique peptides. The ProP 1.0 Server, a neural network prediction tool, predicted the presence of a cleavage site at the substituted arginine residue (p.Q44R) of NPPC. The molecular weight of predicted cleaved peptides processed from mutant NPPC precursor corresponded to that of the actual mutant peptide. The cGMP synthetic activity of NPR2-expressing cells was significantly decreased by interaction with the mutant NPPC peptide compared with wild-type NPPC.

The peptide generated by a rare mutation of NPPC might influence paracrine C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)-mediated preantral follicle development and/or sustain meiotic arrest in oocytes. We therefore suggest that a mutation of the NPPC gene is involved in the pathogenesis of POI.

The peptide generated by a rare mutation of NPPC might influence paracrine C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP)-mediated preantral follicle development and/or sustain meiotic arrest in oocytes. We therefore suggest that a mutation of the NPPC gene is involved in the pathogenesis of POI.

Despite the reported 'male-female health-survival paradox', no components of the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) routinely used in the field of geriatrics focus on female-specific symptoms. To investigate the impact of gynecological factors among elderly women, we noted the gynecological history and examined the association between self-rated symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and CGA.

This community-based, cross-sectional study in Japan included 164 community-dwelling women aged ≥75 years.

The main outcome measures were the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory-6 (POPDI-6), activities of daily living (ADL), and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Self-rated symptoms of POP were assessed using POPDI-6, and the participants were dichotomized into POPDI-6 >0 (symptom group) and POPDI-6=0 (no-symptom group). Several components of the CGA were compared between the groups with and without symptoms of POP and the association with POPDI-6 score was analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis.

Compared with the no-symptom group, the symptom group had significantly longer TUG test time (≥13.5s) (P=0.024) and difficulty in basic ADL (score <21) (P=0.02). In multiple logistic regression analysis, basic ADL <21 and TUG time ≥13.5s were significantly associated with POPDI-6 >0 (odds ratio [OR]=2.78; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.10-7.06 and OR=3.45; 95% CI=1.01-1.24).

Self-rated POP symptoms were associated with CGA components among community-dwelling elderly women. Evaluating POP symptoms as part of the CGA could be meaningful for improving physical and psychological health in elderly women.

Self-rated POP symptoms were associated with CGA components among community-dwelling elderly women. GuggulsteroneE&Z Evaluating POP symptoms as part of the CGA could be meaningful for improving physical and psychological health in elderly women.

Sleep architecture in older age is an important public health concern. However, little is known about the effect of food insecurity on sleep quality among older people. We provide the first representative study of the association between food insecurity and poor sleep quality (PSQ) in older adults in the sub-Saharan African context.

Data were drawn from the 2016-2017 AgeHeaPsyWel-HeaSeeB Study in Ghana. Past 30-day food insecurity was assessed with two items on the frequency of hunger and breakfast-skipping due to lack of food and resources. Participants reported night- and day-time sleep problems and sleep duration. Multiple OLS regressions were used to evaluate the hypothesized associations.

Data on 1201 adults aged ≥50 years (mean =63 [SD=12]; women=63%) were analyzed. In the full OLS adjusted model, moderate (β=.144; p<.001) and severe (β=.184; p<.001) levels of food insecurity were positively and significantly associated with PSQ. Also, older adults reporting moderate (β=-.153; p<.001) and severe (β=-.128; p<.001) food insecurity hadfewer sleep hours than those who were food-secure. Women and those aged ≥65 were at higher risks of PSQ in the context food insecurity.

Addressing food insecurity may be an effective policy and public health intervention for improving sleep quality and overall well-being in older age.

Addressing food insecurity may be an effective policy and public health intervention for improving sleep quality and overall well-being in older age.

A qualitative study was performed to characterize experiences of women going through menopause, as well as to identify barriers and facilitators for participating in a lifestyle program targeting weight management during menopause.

Perimenopausal and postmenopausal Black women with a self-reported desire to lose or maintain weight during menopause participated in a total of six focus groups.

Women were asked about their past experiences with diet, exercise, and weight management; their menopause experiences; as well as specific components and considerations for developing a lifestyle program for weight management. Thematic analysis was conducted on coded transcripts and four main themes emerged, each containing three to seven subthemes.

Twenty-seven Black women (age 54±4 years, BMI 35.1±9.0kg/m

) were enrolled. Overall, women felt unprepared for the changes they experienced during menopause and had difficulty maintaining or losing weight. While women were receptive to trying different diets and exerc.gov identifier NCT04487782.

The COVID-19 pandemic has provided a rich environment for ageist attitudes towards both older and younger people. However, publications on ageism during the outbreak have been mostly non-empirical and have concentrated on ageist beliefs directed towards older people. To overcome these limitations, we examined empirically the prevalence and the determinants of ageism towards older and younger people in the wake of COVID-19.

A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted with 503 Israeli adults (51.9% male, 79.5% Jews, mean age 47 years).

We used a structured questionnaire that measured the following COVID-19 ageism towards older people, COVID-19 ageism towards younger people, stereotyping, the experience of discrimination, perceived fears about contracting COVID-19, subjective knowledge about COVID-19, and sociodemographic characteristics.

Overall, participants reported a relatively low level of COVID-19 ageism towards older people but a significantly higher level of COVID-19 ageism towar increasing negative stereotypes directed towards younger and older people.Metastatic progression is the main cause of death in cancer patients, whereas the underlying genomic mechanisms driving metastasis remain largely unknown. Here, we assembled MSK-MET, a pan-cancer cohort of over 25,000 patients with metastatic diseases. By analyzing genomic and clinical data from this cohort, we identified associations between genomic alterations and patterns of metastatic dissemination across 50 tumor types. We found that chromosomal instability is strongly correlated with metastatic burden in some tumor types, including prostate adenocarcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and HR+/HER2+ breast ductal carcinoma, but not in others, including colorectal cancer and high-grade serous ovarian cancer, where copy-number alteration patterns may be established early in tumor development. We also identified somatic alterations associated with metastatic burden and specific target organs. Our data offer a valuable resource for the investigation of the biological basis for metastatic spread and highlight the complex role of chromosomal instability in cancer progression.The human gut microbiota resides within a diverse chemical environment challenging our ability to understand the forces shaping this ecosystem. Here, we reveal that fitness of the Bacteroidales, the dominant order of bacteria in the human gut, is an emergent property of glycans and one specific metabolite, butyrate. Distinct sugars serve as strain-variable fitness switches activating context-dependent inhibitory functions of butyrate. Differential fitness effects of butyrate within the Bacteroides are mediated by species-level variation in Acyl-CoA thioesterase activity and nucleotide polymorphisms regulating an Acyl-CoA transferase. Using in vivo multi-omic profiles, we demonstrate Bacteroides fitness in the human gut is associated together, but not independently, with Acyl-CoA transferase expression and butyrate. Our data reveal that each strain of the Bacteroides exists within a unique fitness landscape based on the interaction of chemical components unpredictable by the effect of each part alone mediated by flexibility in the core genome.Adipose tissue, colloquially known as "fat," is an extraordinarily flexible and heterogeneous organ. While historically viewed as a passive site for energy storage, we now appreciate that adipose tissue regulates many aspects of whole-body physiology, including food intake, maintenance of energy levels, insulin sensitivity, body temperature, and immune responses. A crucial property of adipose tissue is its high degree of plasticity. Physiologic stimuli induce dramatic alterations in adipose-tissue metabolism, structure, and phenotype to meet the needs of the organism. Limitations to this plasticity cause diminished or aberrant responses to physiologic cues and drive the progression of cardiometabolic disease along with other pathological consequences of obesity.The factors and mechanisms that shape the composition and function of closely related members in a complex microbial community are largely unknown. The study by Park and colleagues reveals that the fitness of various Bacteroidales species and strains in the gut microbiome is regulated by butyrate in a glycan-dependent manner.