Aarupcochrane3160

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation in synovial tissues. Hyperplasia of synovial tissues leads to the formation of pannus that invades the joint cartilage and bone, resulting in joint destruction. Fas ligand (FasL), which is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily, contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including RA. The current study attempted to identify genes whose expressions in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) were regulated by FasL, using cDNA microarray. A total of four individual lines of primary cultured RA-FLS were incubated either with recombinant human FasL protein or PBS as an unstimulated control for 12 h. Gene expression was detected using a microarray assay. The results revealed the expression profiles of genes in RA-FLS regulated by Fas and investigated the functions of the genes that were regulated. Among the genes in this profile, the mRNA expression changes of the following genes were indicated to be of note using RT-qPCR Dual specificity phosphatase 6, epiregulin, interleukin 11, angiopoietin-like 7, protein inhibitor of activated STAT 2 and growth differentiation factor 5. These genes may affect the pathogenesis of RA by affecting apoptosis, proliferation, cytokine production, cytokine-induced inflammation, intracellular signaling, angiogenesis, bone destruction and chondrogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first study to reveal the expression profile of genes in RA-FLS regulated by FasL. The data demonstrated that FasL may regulate the expression of a number of key molecules in RA-FLS, thus affecting RA pathogenesis. Further studies of the genes detected may improve the understanding of RA pathogenesis and provide novel treatment targets for RA.Intestinal microfloras are involved in various types of cancer; however, there is a limited amount of research into the involvement of metabolites of intestinal microflora (MIM) in asthmatic airway epithelial cells (AECs). The present study was designed to reveal the functions and mechanisms of MIM in the asthmatic inflammation of AECs. House dust mite (HDM)-induced asthma cell models were established and treated with mouse MIM. A MTT assay was used to investigate AEC viability, while reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blot analysis were used to measure the expression levels of miR-200c-3p, IL6ST, JNK and STAT3 in asthmatic AECs. ELISA was used to measure the concentration of IL-5 and IL-6. Furthermore, the targeting relationship between microRNA(miR)-200c-3p and IL6ST was investigated using a luciferase reporter gene assay. Compared with normal human bronchial epithelial cells, HDM-induced AECs had lower expression level of miR-200c-3p, higher mRNA and protein expression levels of IL6ST and an increase in IL-5 and IL-6 concentration. Both MIM and miR-200c-3p mimics suppressed the secretion of IL-5 and L-6 and promoted the proliferation of HDM-induced AECs. MIM could also upregulate miR-200c-3p and downregulate IL6ST and proteins in the JNK/STAT3 pathway. IL6ST was found to be a downstream target of miR-200c-3p. Inhibition of miR-200c-3p reversed the suppression of asthmatic inflammation by MIM. In summary, MIM upregulated miR-200c-3p expression level to reduce the protein and mRNA expression levels of IL6ST and suppress its downstream JNK/STAT3 signaling pathway, therefore inhibiting the asthmatic inflammation of AECs.Patellar inferior pole fracture is difficult to treat due to the inherent weakness of small comminuted distal fragments. However, suture fixation was recently introduced and reported. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes of two suture techniques, transosseous tunnel suture (TTS) and anchor suture (AS), for the fixation of patellar inferior pole fracture. A total of 35 patients with patellar inferior pole fracture treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University (Nanchang, China) between June 2014 and April 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Of these, 14 were treated with the TTS technique and 21 using AS fixation. The operation time, incision length and total cost were determined and compared. Functional outcomes were analyzed with the visual analog scale (VAS), Bostman and Lysholm scores and knee joint ranges of motion (ROMs). Postoperative complications were also observed and recorded. The mean follow-up was 22.6±9.7 and 18.7±5.9 months for TTS and AS, respectively. The groups were similar regarding age, sex, operative side and time to surgery. A smaller incision length and shorter operation time but higher hospital costs were observed in the AS group (P0.05). No postoperative complications were observed in the TTS group. Only one patient in the AS group experienced a superficial minor wound infection. The TTS and AS techniques provided similarly satisfactory clinical outcomes for treating patellar inferior pole fracture. MEK activation TTS had the advantage of cost-effectiveness due to saving anchors, while AS had a shorter operation time and a smaller incision length.The present study aimed to determine the effects and mechanism of ChaC glutathione specific γ-glutamylcyclotransferase 1 (CHAC1) on cell viability and the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to docetaxel. Compared with non-tumor human prostate epithelial RWPE-1 cells, the mRNA and protein levels of CHAC1 significantly decreased in two prostate cancer cell lines, DU145 and 22RV1, as measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis (P0.05). This inhibition was also eliminated following the addition of a ferroptosis inhibitor. In summary, CHAC1 may inhibit cell viability and increase the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to DTX. The cellular mechanism may involve the induction of ER stress and ferroptosis. The results of the present study identified a potentially novel therapeutic target for prostate cancer, which may be useful in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer.[This retracts the article DOI 10.3892/etm.2017.4091.].Hemophilia is a hereditary coagulopathy caused by factor VIII (hemophilia type A) or by coagulation factor IX (hemophilia type B) dysfunction, characterized by an increased bleeding predisposition, which is either spontaneous or secondary to minimal trauma. Currently, hemophilia may also be considered an 'orthopedic' condition, due to the fact that it affects the musculoskeletal system of most hemophilic patients. In recent years, constant prophylaxis using coagulation factors has led to a significant improvement in the hemophilic patient's quality of life, by reducing both life-threatening hemorrhagic phenomena, as well as the occurrence of chronic complications. Nevertheless, progressive joint bleeding remains unavoidable in this category of patients, and the onset of chronic arthropathy with secondary motor deficiency remains the main complication with an invalidating character. In such cases, orthopedic management is imperative; osteoarticular complications being managed most often with the help of conservative or surgical techniques. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of modern orthopedic practices which are useful in the management of hemophilic patients suffering from osteoarticular disorders.Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a collagenosis characterized by excessive deposition of collagen in the skin and viscera, in a background of immune disorder. The immunological profile of SSc often shows elevated levels of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs). However, many authors have identified cases of SSc having normal ANA levels, framed as paraneoplastic SSc. Among patients with negative ANAs in our group, we did not identify any neoplastic process that could support this hypothesis. The extended detection of autoantibodies is extremely useful in establishing the subset of SSc. Thus, anti-Scl70 antibodies are specific for the diffuse subset of SSc, while anticentromere antibodies (ACAs) have specificity for a limited subset. However, studies have shown the existence of cases of diffuse SSc having high titers of ACAs and cases of limited SSc with high titers of anti-Scl70 antibodies. This indicates an inconsistent association between the disease subset and the autoantibodies specific to each subset. Our study found a more balanced consistency between disease subsets and autoantibodies specific for each subset. Therefore, the percentages of patients having an immunological profile inconsistent with the subset of SSc, are lower than those found by other authors. This observation opens the perspective of larger studies on the immunological profile in SSc.Plant-based nutrition has become extremely popular in the contemporary era. Its positive effects are sustained by many studies, but one of its risks is that it is almost completely devoid of vitamin B12. In the present study, we analyzed the effects of two types of vitamin B12 supplements, cyancobalamin and methylcobalamin on the level of active serum vitamin (holotranscobalamin) in a group of Romanian individuals (n=42) following a (vegan) plant-based diet. The results revealed that cyancobalamin gives better results in maintaining B12, as quantified by the holotranscobalamin value (median=150 pcg/l) when compared with methylcobalamin (median=78.5 pcg/l). The frequency of administration, regardless of the quantity in one dose, is another important factor in maintaining the holotranscobalamin level within suitable limits. More frequent intakes give more optimal results. Vegans trying to supplement with alternative products (algae, kombucha, other fermented products), had the lowest levels of holotranscobalamin, always bellow the recommended level of 35 pcg/l (median=29 pcg/l). Vegans must be educated on B12 supplementation, about the pharmaceutical forms on the market and their performances and on choosing the optimal plan in order to avoid the onset of B12 deficiency.Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive, non-radioactive optical diagnostic method based on low-coherence interferometry, which achieves images with different orientation. In dentistry, its major advantage is represented by the localization and characterization of the smallest defects in hard dental tissues, dental materials and of the smallest details in dental anatomy (supplementary canals, recesses, isthmuses, or intra-radicular connections). The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate using c-scan en-face optical coherence tomography, the optical opacity, and the distribution inside the root canal lumen of several extracted human teeth of silver and gold nanoparticles from special irrigating solutions used in endodontic treatment. Twelve root canals from 5 human teeth were instrumented using the ProTaper Universal system after initial negotiation with hand K-files ISO no. 10 and rotary nickel-titanium PathFile instruments. An initial c-scan OCT analysis was performed for each sample to confirm that the root canal lumen was empty from radiopaque materials (Group 1). Teeth were first irrigated with NanoCare Plus (Group 2) and then with NanoCare Gold (Group 3) and C-scans were repeated after each irrigation method. The OCT investigation started at the tooth apex, at a depth of 1 mm from its tip. Subsequently, 100 slices of 10 microns were obtained from each root canal. Images were captured and then analyzed with ImageJ software to calculate the level of grey inside the root canal lumen. The highest values of grey were obtained in the samples irrigated with NanoCare Gold after NanoCare Plus (Group 3). The present study proved that both nanoparticles inserted in root canal irrigants were evidenced through OCT imagistic analysis due to their optical opacity, which allowed their highlighting in an empty root canal lumen, after the endodontic treatment was performed and the root canal was cleaned and shaped using specific protocols.