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This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the association of the combined engagement in cognitive activity (CA) and physical activity (PA) with domain-specific cognition in community-dwelling older adults.

We analysed data from 3192 dementia-free participants aged ≥50 years in the Shanghai Aging Study. CA was assessed using Shanghai Cognitive Activities Scale. PA was determined based on questionnaires and further transformed into metabolic equivalent values. We used multivariate linear and logistic regression models to estimate the β and odds ratio of CA, PA, or combined CA and PA and each neuropsychological test.

A high level of CA was associated with a better performance in most of the tests, except for the conflicting instructions task (CIT) and stick test (ST). In contrast, PA displayed no significant associations with any test. Engagement in high CA and high PA was associated with the best performance in Mini-Mental State Examination, recall in ST, categorisation in Modified Common Objects Sorting Test (MCOST), immediate recall, delayed recall, and recognition in Auditory Verbal Learning Test. Participants with "high CA and low PA" had the lowest risk of impairment in Go/No-Go correct tapping in CIT, rotate in ST, item naming, and category naming in MCOST, Trail Making Test (TMT)-A, and TMT-B.

Our study suggests that engagement in both high CA and high PA may be the most efficacious way to maintain various domains of cognition. A higher level of CA may help to preserve cognition among older individuals who have difficulties in performing PA.

Our study suggests that engagement in both high CA and high PA may be the most efficacious way to maintain various domains of cognition. A higher level of CA may help to preserve cognition among older individuals who have difficulties in performing PA.

The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) guidelines were updated in 2012, and a single large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) more than 5 cm was regarded as BCLC stage A rather than B in the updated version. In this study, we sought to re-evaluate the outcomes of patients with HCC who underwent liver resection (LR) within (stage 0 and A) and beyond (stage B and C) the BCLC guideline recommendations of the updated BCLC staging system.

This retrospective study enrolled 774 consecutive patients with naïve HCC who underwent LR from 2011 to 2018 at our institution. The overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) of these patients were examined.

Of the patients, 606 had BCLC stage 0 or A HCC, and 168 had BCLC stage B or C HCC. The 5-year OS and RFS among the patients within the BCLC criteria for LR were 75.2% and 56.1%, respectively, vs 54.9% and 34.0%, respectively, among the patients beyond the BCLC criteria (P < .001). Alpha-fetoprotein more than 400 ng/mL (hazard ratio = 2.06, 95% confidence interval, 1.31-3.26, P = .002) was the only independent variable associated with recurrence among the patients beyond the BCLC criteria.

LR provided acceptable outcomes among selected patients with BCLC stage B and C HCC.

LR provided acceptable outcomes among selected patients with BCLC stage B and C HCC.The effect of climatic factors on the presence of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera Ceratopogonidae) was previously studied. Nevertheless, lack of laboratory rearing data hampers species-specific prediction of weather fluctuations effect on population size. To determine fluctuations in population size in the field, we recorded Culicoides and other Nematocerans in seven Israeli dairy farms over two-years (2011-2012) and analysed the association of their dynamics with fluctuations in ambient temperature and total rainfall. In six farms, the most abundant species were Culicoides imicola Kieffer and Culicoides schultzei (Enderlein) gp., primarily composed of parous females, and in one farm Culicoides obsoletus (Meigen) gp., mostly nulliparous females, were dominant. While the total number of insects was similar in both years, Culicoides numbers were significantly higher in 2012, but appeared later in the season and reached a higher peak. A multi-variable linear regression model demonstrated positive association of C. imicola and C. schultzei numbers with the monthly multi-annual ambient temperature and its specific deviation, but not with monthly rainfall. C. obsoletus populations peaked at spring and sharply decreased when temperature exceeded 20 °C, and were best modelled by adding quadratic terms. Weather-specific estimation of population size under field conditions may enable to predict outbreaks intensity of Culicoides-borne viruses.

The purpose of this study is to provide a calibration methodology for radiation therapy machines where the closest field to the conventional reference field may not meet the lateral charged particle equilibrium (LCPE) condition of the machine-specific reference (msr) field. We provided two methodologies by extending the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) TRS-483 code of practice (COP) (Palmans etal. TRS-483 Dosimetry of small static fields used in external beam radiotherapy an international code of practice for reference and relative dose determination; 2017) methodology for the calibration of radiation therapy machines with 6MV flattening filter free (FFF) beam and with field sizes down to 10× 2cm

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Two methods of calibration were provided following the TRS-483. In calibration Method I, the generic correction factors







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QFor this reason we recommend using calibration Method I. If the k Q A , Q 0 f A , f ref values are not available for the user's detector, calibration Method II can be used to predict the correction factors. Iruplinalkib clinical trial However, the second methodology should not be used for chambers with electrode made of high-Z material unless the electrode perturbation effects and k Q A FFF , Q FFF f A , f ref values are taken into account.

The generic EuroQol 5 Dimensions Youth 5 Level (EQ-5D-Y-5L) measures health-related quality of life among children from 8years. Respondents report their health on five dimensions with five severity levels and rate their overall health on a visual analogue scale (EQ VAS). The aim of the study was to explore acceptability of the EQ-5D-Y-5L instrument among patients in child and adolescent psychiatric inpatient care.

A convenience sample of patients within a psychiatric inpatient care clinic in Region Stockholm, Sweden, was used. Follow-up questions were answered directly after filling in the EQ-5D-Y-5L. Conventional qualitative content analysis was chosen to analyse the open-ended questions on how they perceived answering the instrument.

In total, 52 patients (83% girls), mean age 15.4years (range 13-17), were included. Three themes emerged generic content of the EQ-5D-Y-5L descriptive system; design and wording of the EQ-5D-Y-5L descriptive system and the EQ VAS; self-reporting health with the EQ-5D-Y-5L descriptive system and the EQ VAS.