Aagaardmortensen3886

The pathophysiology of PNS is not fully understood; therefore, its diagnosis and management are complex. Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation and specific antibodies associated. Unfortunately, patients have a bad prognosis and diminished quality of life, and therefore a multidisciplinary approach is needed. It is important to mention that the presentation of PNS does not mandatorily appear before the diagnosis of cancer, and multiple cases have been reported in which patients with an underlying oncological disease develop these syndromes. As medical oncologists and neurologists, we must consider and study these syndromes as a possible etiology in cases with an underlying cancer who develop neurological symptoms in the course of their disease.Serous carcinoma of the uterine cervix (SCUC) is now believed to be a morphological variant of an HPV-associated endocervical adenocarcinoma or a metastasis from a serous carcinoma of the upper tract. In terms of mutational status as detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS), this controversial entity has not been characterized yet. We describe the case of a patient with a carcinoma categorized as stage IVB SCUC, initially treated with carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab, followed by maintenance with bevacizumab. After locoregional progression, radiotherapy was administered. Unfortunately, further progression was observed, and carboplatin was resumed. Considering the presence of a BRCA2 mutation as detected by NGS, treatment with a PARP inhibitor (olaparib) was decided and allowed disease control for 6 months. We believe that BRCA mutation may be systematically searched in patients suffering from carcinomas formerly referred to as SCUC and that targeted treatments should be considered.Carcinoma of the extrahepatic biliary tract accounts for less then 2% of all cancers. Neuroendocrine tumor of the extrahepatic bile duct is very rare, and there are less then 200 cases reported since 1959. The preoperative diagnosis is infrequent (5.12%). The definite diagnosis relies on postoperative pathology which utilized immunohistochemistry study on many biomarkers to diagnose the histological subtypes of neuroendocrine neoplasms, such as chromogranin A, synaptophysin, and neuron-specific enolase. selleck compound When the primary tumor has no metastases, radical removal of the lesion appears as curative treatment. The treatment of the carcinoid syndrome or other functioning syndrome is the first priority. We report a case of a 12-year-old Mexican woman with neuroendocrine tumor of the extrahepatic bile duct (common bile duct neuroendocrine tumor) seen in our hospital. Resection of the common bile duct, cholecystectomy, end to side Roux-en-y hepaticojejunostomy, and portal lymphadenectomy was performed. A review of the pertinent literature was performed. Given the rarity of the disease, treatment principles are based mainly on retrospective series and case reports. We present the eighth case in adolescence in the literature.COVID-19 has been associated with acral ischemia and digital necrosis. Standard treatment of acral ischemia and digital or acral necrosis includes ongoing therapy with vasodilators and anticoagulants. However, these treatments are not always efficient to avoid the progression of necroses, which in the worst case can lead to amputation. Here, we report a case in which interdigital Botox® (botulinum toxin type A) nerve cord injection stopped the progression of acral necroses arising from an underlying vasculopathy due to COVID-19. Moreover, Botox® injection eliminated inflammation in the affected acral area within 2 weeks. This is the first case report to suggest Botox® injection as a new and improving treatment for acral necroses due to COVID-19.Multiple myeloma is a lymphoproliferative disease, which rarely presents with skin involvement or associated symptoms. Better awareness of these dermatological presentations is required for early diagnosis and to guide the patient towards appropriate therapy. We report on a patient with diffuse filiform hyperkeratosis and immunoglobulin-associated vasculitis in a severe progression of a known myeloma.Research in basic and clinical neuroscience of music conducted over the past decades has begun to uncover music's high potential as a tool for rehabilitation. Advances in our understanding of how music engages parallel brain networks underpinning sensory and motor processes, arousal, reward, and affective regulation, have laid a sound neuroscientific foundation for the development of theory-driven music interventions that have been systematically tested in clinical settings. Of particular significance in the context of motor rehabilitation is the notion that musical rhythms can entrain movement patterns in patients with movement-related disorders, serving as a continuous time reference that can help regulate movement timing and pace. To date, a significant number of clinical and experimental studies have tested the application of rhythm- and music-based interventions to improve motor functions following central nervous injury and/or degeneration. The goal of this review is to appraise the current state of knowledge on the effectiveness of music and rhythm to modulate movement spatiotemporal patterns and restore motor function. By organizing and providing a critical appraisal of a large body of research, we hope to provide a revised framework for future research on the effectiveness of rhythm- and music-based interventions to restore and (re)train motor function.The ability to perform movements is vital for our daily life. Our actions are embedded in a complex environment where we need to deal efficiently in the face of unforeseen events. Neural oscillations play an important role in basic sensorimotor processes related to the execution and preparation of movements. In this review, I will describe the state of the art regarding the role of motor gamma oscillations in the control of movements. Experimental evidence from electrophysiological studies has shown that motor gamma oscillations accomplish a range of functions in motor control beyond merely signaling the execution of movements. However, these additional aspects associated with motor gamma oscillation remain to be fully clarified. Future work on different spatial, temporal and spectral scales is required to further understand the implications of gamma oscillations in motor control.Japanese English learners have difficulty speaking Double Object (DO; give B A) than Prepositional Object (PO; give A to B) structures which neural underpinning is unknown. In speaking, syntactic and phonological processing follow semantic encoding, conversion of non-verbal mental representation into a structure suitable for expression. To test whether DO difficulty lies in linguistic or prelinguistic process, we conducted functional magnetic resonance imaging. Thirty participants described cartoons using DO or PO, or simply named them. Greater reaction times and error rates indicated DO difficulty. DO compared with PO showed parieto-frontal activation including left inferior frontal gyrus, reflecting linguistic process. Psychological priming in PO produced immediately after DO and vice versa compared to after control, indicated shared process between PO and DO. Cross-structural neural repetition suppression was observed in occipito-parietal regions, overlapping the linguistic system in pre-SMA. Thus DO and PO share prelinguistic process, whereas linguistic process imposes overload in DO.Automatized scalable healthcare support solutions allow real-time 24/7 health monitoring of patients, prioritizing medical treatment according to health conditions, reducing medical appointments in clinics and hospitals, and enabling easy exchange of information among healthcare professionals. With recent health safety guidelines due to the COVID-19 pandemic, protecting the elderly has become imperative. However, state-of-the-art health wearable device platforms present limitations in hardware, parameter estimation algorithms, and software architecture. This paper proposes a complete framework for health systems composed of multi-sensor wearable health devices (MWHD), high-resolution parameter estimation, and real-time monitoring applications. The framework is appropriate for real-time monitoring of elderly patients' health without physical contact with healthcare professionals, maintaining safety standards. The hardware includes sensors for monitoring steps, pulse oximetry, heart rate (HR), and temperature using low-power wireless communication. In terms of parameter estimation, the embedded circuit uses high-resolution signal processing algorithms that result in an improved measure of the HR. The proposed high-resolution signal processing-based approach outperforms state-of-the-art HR estimation measurements using the photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor.The socially monogamous prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster) offers a unique opportunity to examine the impacts of adolescent social isolation on the brain, immune system, and behavior. In the current study, male and female prairie voles were randomly assigned to be housed alone or with a same-sex cagemate after weaning (i.e., on postnatal day 21-22) for a 6-week period. Thereafter, subjects were tested for anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors using the elevated plus maze (EPM) and Forced Swim Test (FST), respectively. Blood was collected to measure peripheral cytokine levels, and brain tissue was processed for microglial density in various brain regions, including the Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc), Medial Amygdala (MeA), Central Amygdala (CeA), Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis (BNST), and Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus (PVN). Sex differences were found in EPM and FST behaviors, where male voles had significantly lower total arm entries in the EPM as well as lower latency to immobility in the FST compared to females. A sex by treatment effect was found in peripheral IL-1β levels, where isolated males had a lower level of IL-1β compared to cohoused females. Post-weaning social isolation also altered microglial density in a brain region-specific manner. Isolated voles had higher microglial density in the NAcc, MeA, and CeA, but lower microglial density in the dorsal BNST. Cohoused male voles also had higher microglial density in the PVN compared to cohoused females. Taken together, these data suggest that post-weaning social housing environments can alter peripheral and central immune systems in prairie voles, highlighting a potential role for the immune system in shaping isolation-induced alterations to the brain and behavior.Sensory hypersensitivity, especially in the auditory system, is a common symptom in Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common monogenic form of intellectual disability. However, linking phenotypes across genetic background strains of mouse models has been a challenge and could underly some of the issues with translatability of drug studies to the human condition. This study is the first to characterize the auditory brain stem response (ABR), a minimally invasive physiological readout of early auditory processing that is also used in humans, in a commonly used mouse background strain model of FXS, C57BL/6J. We measured morphological features of pinna and head and used ABR to measure the hearing range, and monaural and binaural auditory responses in hemizygous males, homozygous females, and heterozygous females compared with those in wild-type mice. Consistent with previous study, we showed no difference in morphological parameters across genotypes or sexes. There was no significant difference in hearing range between the sexes or genotypes, however there was a trend towards high frequency hearing loss in male FXS mice.