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05). The combination of corticotomy and a regenerative procedure seems to have the ability to augment the original osseous anatomy when the root is moved outside of the original bony envelope.The goal of this multicenter randomized controlled study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a newly developed ionic-sonic electric toothbrush in terms of plaque removal and reduction of gingival inflammation. A total of 78 subjects from three dental centers were invited to join the study. They were randomized to receive either a manual toothbrush (control group) or an ionic-sonic electric brush (test group). Full-mouth prophylaxis and oral hygiene instructions based on the stationary bristle technique were provided 1 week prior to the baseline visit. At baseline and at each follow-up appointment, Plaque Index (PI) and Gingival Index (GI) were recorded. In addition, probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing were recorded at baseline and at the last appointment (week 5). At completion of the study, subjects in the test group were given a questionnaire regarding their satisfaction with the toothbrush. Sixty-four subjects completed the study (control 28; test 36). The mean age of the subjects was 36.90 ± 12.19 years. No significant difference between the baseline and 5-week PD was found. Plaque removal efficacy and reduction in gingival inflammation were more significant for the test group at week 2. Both the control and test groups showed statistically significant improvement in PI and GI from baseline to week 5. The ionic-sonic toothbrush was more effective than manual toothbrush after a 1-week application.The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate the longevity of teeth and implants during a long-term period in a cohort of periodontally compromised patients, treated and maintained in a private specialist periodontal practice, and to analyze the associated risk factors. Fifty-eight patients (30 men, 28 women) who had received active periodontal therapy (APT) and regular periodontal maintenance (PM) ≥ 10 years were included and evaluated. The following were evaluated (1) statistically significant differences of clinical parameters assessed at six tooth or implant sites (plaque scores, bleeding score, periodontal probing depth, bleeding on probing, and gingival recession) and radiographic parameters (mesial and distal bone crest loss) between patients with and without tooth/implant loss during PM; and (2) associations between the number of teeth and implants lost and potential risk factors. During PM, the overall average tooth loss was 0.07 teeth/patient/year (0.04 teeth/patient/year for periodontal reasons), while the overall average implant loss was 0.4 implants/patient/year. The overall implant failure was 10.08%, and the rate of implant failure due to biologic reasons was 9.8%. Incidence of implant failures in patients with vs without recurrent periodontal disease was 83.3% vs 16.7% (P less then .05). Results showed that in chronic periodontitis patients, ATP followed by long-term PM is successful in keeping the majority of periodontally compromised teeth. In the same patients, a higher tendency for implant loss than tooth loss was found.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cleaning and surface treatment techniques in the repair of aged and contaminated yttrium oxide-stabilized tetragonal polycrystalline zirconia (Y-TZP). From a total of 80 specimens of Y-TZP, 60 were subjected to aging simulation in a buccal environment with degradation in an autoclave for 24 hours (127°C/1.5 bar) and contaminated with Streptococcus mutans. The surfaces were cleaned with a triple syringe (air/water jet; n = 20) or isopropyl alcohol (n = 20), or by prophylaxis (n = 20) with pumice and water. The remaining 20 specimens comprised the control group. All specimens were then treated with silicatization (n = 10 per group) or adhesive (n = 10 per group) and repaired with composite resin. Analyses of shear strength, failure mode, and roughness were performed by electron microscopy. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t test (α = .05). Statistical significance was set at P .05). Triple-syringe and prophylaxis cleansing followed by silicatization was the most efficient treatment for the repair of aged and contaminated Y-TZP. There is reduced repair efficiency with the aging of Y-TZP.Implant position and soft tissue thickness have a direct influence on implant abutment design. The goal is to place the implant in the optimal spatial position to maintain the adjacent bone and soft tissues. When the implant is not placed ideally, prosthetic variations to abutments and restorations must be made, which may limit the esthetic appearance of the final restoration or alter the biologic environment of the bone and tissues. This article illustrates and explains the effect of different implant positions on the emergence profile design in order to assist the clinician with treatment planning and selection in various clinical situations.In everyday practice, surgeons have to deal with bone atrophy. These rehabilitations are even more complex in the posterior mandible, and it is still unclear in the literature which fixed rehabilitation option is best. The purpose of this article was to help oral surgeons to choose the proper and updated treatment for their atrophic patients. Posterior mandible bone atrophies were divided into four main groups depending on the bone height measured above the inferior alveolar nerve (1) ≤ 4 mm; (2) > 4 mm ≤ 5 mm; (3) > 5 mm ≤ 6 mm; (4) > 6 mm 6 mm and less then 7 mm above the mandibular canal, short implants might be the proper option. The authors' clinical experience and the literature were considered in order to suggest a possible correct treatment decision based on the residual bone height in the posterior mandible.The syndrome known as posterior bite collapse (PBC) has taken on multiple definitions over the years since its first introduction in 1964 by Morton Amsterdam and Leonard Abrams. In 2017, the World Workshop in the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions proposed a staging system for periodontitis, defined by severity and extent of periodontal breakdown. Vorinostat cell line Within this staging system, Stage IV periodontitis can include PBC. However, without a clear delineation regarding the clinical presentation or pathogenesis of PBC, this further obfuscates its definition. It is therefore the goal of this article to reexamine the original definition of PBC as defined by Amsterdam and Abrams, present an updated definition, and propose a clinical grading system of PBC to coincide with the 2017 staging of periodontitis.