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Inconclusive and differing results on factors influencing uptake on private flood mitigation actions (Hung, 2009; Michel-Kerjan and Kunreuther, 2011; Brody et al., 2017) hints at the need to broaden the scope of inquiry. Any attempt to better understand private flood mitigation should take into consideration the social characteristics and idiosyncrasies of the community in which households are situated. The situation warrants us to take a closer look at the mediating factors, especially the social context, which is inadequately addressed. Risk perception can be understood as intuitive judgment about the potential risk and its consequence that an individual or group holds (Slovic et al., 1984; Raaijmakers et al., 2008; Rana et al., 2020). It is a process that involves the collection, selection, and interpretation of signals from direct or indirect experiences of uncertain impacts of a potential event (Wachinger et al., 2013). Risk perception is fundamental to understanding adaptation and mitigation actions taken on by individuals. Scholars have framed flood risk perception in a variety of ways.

In sum, these analyses bring important insights. In fact, the most important contribution of Chapter 5’s analysis has been to help me situate my personal experiences and other observations within an understanding of IndieWeb’s scope, something that would have been difficult to achieve without this crossing. A second tension was evident in the process of building software for IndieWeb. My motivation was to understand building processes, which is a far cry from IndieWeb’s emphasis on building something useful to oneself, or the importance interview participants attributed to building and sharing code. To qualify that difference, I’ll first acknowledge that (1) Yarns was designed to address my own needs, and has resulted in an artifact that is useful for me, and (2) that by building Yarns I have engaged in a practice of writing and sharing code, though at limited scale that is not particularly influential. However, the most valuable part of Yarns for this dissertation was the experience of constructing it, which cannot be communicated by sharing code.

To serve that line of inquiry, this chapter identifies factors that have contributed to inclusion and exclusion in IndieWeb’s community. Results are organized in three sections. First, I report demographic information about interview participants. While it is not possible to generalize these demographics to represent IndieWeb’s overall community, this helps to identify what set of views are included in the results. The second section presents results concerning influence and exclusion oriented around technical experience, and the third section discusses exclusion related to identity (focusing on a gender gap), as well as strategies for addressing such barriers. This distinction is based on categories articulated by interview participants, who generally spoke of technical and cultural obstacles as distinct from one another. However, this is not intended to accept a dualism between the technical and the social. Such dualisms have themselves contributed to the gendering of engineering work by mapping on to “masculine instrumentalism” and “feminine expressiveness” (W. Faulkner 2000). Instead, the two domains overlap, and this overlap is a significant theme in this chapter.

29. L. Goddeeris, “Local Leaders Identify Top Priorities and Processes for Rescue Plan Funds,” International City/County Management Association, Sept. 39. Sandra Knight, president, WaterWonks LLC, telephone discussion with Tracey Hayes, city of Birmingham, Sept. 42. United States Disaster Mitigation Act of 2000, Pub. L. No. 106-390, 114 Stat. 43. First Street Foundation, “First Street Foundation Releases New Data Disclosing Flood Risk of Every U.S. 46. Federal Emergency Management Agency, “Ecosystem Service Benefits in Benefit-Cost Analysis for FEMA’s Mitigation Programs Policy, FEMA Policy FP-108-024-02,” news release, Sept. 52. Z. Lamb, “Connecting the Dots: The Origins, Evolutions, and Implications of the Map That Changed Post-Katrina Recovery Planning in New Orleans,” in Louisiana’s Response to Extreme Weather, ed. 56. K. Setyawan, “Isle de Jean Charles Residents See New Homes for 1st Time,” U.S. 57. O. Laughland, “‘Ida Is Not the End’: Indigenous Residents Face the Future on Louisiana’s Coast-Photo Essay,” The Guardian, Sept.

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