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Conclusions SIBO usually occurs in elderly patients who receive continuous PPI rather than on-demand use. If elderly require long-term PPI therapy, on demand administration is suggested as long as primary diseases are properly treated.Objective To discuss the effects of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure on hemodynamics in cirrhotic patients. Methods A total of 23 cirrhotic patients for TIPS insertion were enrolled from January 2018 to October 2018. Serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), transthoracic echocardiography and non-invasive cardiac output measurement based on impedance cardiogram were carried out before and 24h, 1 month, 6 months after TIPS in order to observe cardiac function and hemodynamic changes after TIPS. Results Significant increases in right atrial area [(17.2±4.0) cm(2) vs. GCN2iB (15.0±3.4) cm(2), P0.05). Conclusion Cirrhotic patients who had no cardiovascular pathologies had adequate adaptation and good compensation ability to reach a new hemodynamic homeostasis for the increased volume load after TIPS insertion.Objectives To study the feasibility of using ultrasound to evaluate diaphragm function in patients with invasive mechanical ventilation. Methods From March to December 2017, 40 adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome who were admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University for more than 48 hours were included. Diaphragmatic excursion and thickness of bilateral anterior, middle and posterior parts were measured by ultrasound for 5 consecutive days. Results (1) Compared with the diaphragmatic excursion of the right [anterior (11.05±3.04) mm; middle (12.08±2.71) mm; posterior (11.51±3.33) mm] and left [anterior (13.63±7.52) mm; middle (15.44±7.52) mm; posterior (14.76±6.93) mm] sides on day 1, the diaphragmatic excursion of the right [anterior (8.90±3.65) mm; middle (10.02±4.24) mm; posterior (10.25±4.38) mm] and left [anterior (9.82±1.96) mm; middle (11.60±1.13) mm; posterior (11.52±1.98) mm] sides decreased significantly on day 3 (P less then 0.0 withdrawing from mechanical ventilation.Objective To analyze the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB) on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with hypertension, and to provide an evidence for selecting antihypertensive drugs in those patients. Methods Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in 58 COVID-19 patients with hypertension admitted to Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from January 20 to February 22, 2020, including epidemiological history, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, chest CT and outcome. Patients were divided into ACEI/ARB group and non-ACEI/ARB group. Results Twenty-six patients were in ACEI/ARB group and the other 32 patients in non-ACEI/ARB group, with median age 64.0 (49.5, 72.0) years and 64.0 (57.0, 68.8) years respectively. The median time to onset was 5(3, 8) days in ACEI/ARB group and 4 (3, 7) days in non-ACEI/ARB group, the proportion of patients with severe or critical illness was 19.2% and 15.6% respectively. The main clinical symptoms in two groups were fever (80.8% vs. 84.4%) and cough (23.1% vs. 31.3%). The following parameters were comparable including lymphocyte counts, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, bilateral involvement in chest CT (76.9% vs. 71.9%), worsening of COVID-19 (15.4% vs. 9.4%), favorable outcome (92.3% vs. 96.9%) between ACEI/ARB group and non-ACEI/ARB group respectively (all P>0.05). However, compared with non-ACEI/ARB group, serum creatinine [80.49 (68.72, 95.30) μmol/L vs. 71.29 (50.98, 76.98) μmol/L, P=0.007] was higher significantly in ACEI/ARB group. Conclusions ACEI/ARB drugs have no significant effects on baseline clinical parameters (serum creatine and myoglobin excluded) , outcome, and prognosis of COVID-19 patients with hypertension. Antihypertensive drugs are not suggested to adjust in those patients, but the potential impairment of renal function as elevation of serum creatinine should be paid attention in patients administrating ACEI/ARB drugs.Lung resection following pneumonectomy for recurrent lung cancer is a challenging scenario. Peri-operative airway management and choice of surgical procedure are issues to be addressed by both the anesthesiologists and thoracic surgeons. We hereby report a case of anterior segmentectomy of the right upper for recurrent lung cancer, in a patient who had previously underwent pneumonectomy for primary lung cancer one year earlier. A modified conventional tracheal intubation and unique surgical techniques were applied for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) anterior segmentectomy of the right upper lobe in a patient with a notable mediastinal shift (following contralateral pneumonectomy), resulting in a good recovery and clinical outcome. The clinical experience is summarized in detail in this article.Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies with the highest incidence rate and mortality rate worldwide, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85%. Only 5% NSCLC patients are anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement positive NSCLC, but the prognosis of these patients is poor, and treatment is urgent. Ensartinib (X-396), a next-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (ALK-TKI), has shown greater potency on inhibiting ALK activity and controlling brain metastases than crizotinib, which is indicated for the treatment of crizotinib-resistant, ALK-positive NSCLC patients. Several phase I to III clinical trials included both healthy volunteers and NSCLC patients have been conducted both in China and abroad. In this review, we briefly summarized the results of these trials, and preliminary efficacy, safety, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of ensartinib were discussed.Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by diffuse alveolitis and disorder of alveolar structure and eventually leads to pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. The cause of IPF is unknown and there is no effective treatment for IPF. There is no effective treatment for IPF, mainly to delay disease progression and improve patient's quality of life. At present, the incidence of IPF with lung cancer (IPF-LC) has increased significantly, which resulted in higher mortality and reduced quality of life. IPF-LC is more common in men, elderly, and smokers. It is a fatal disease and its clinical manifestations lack specificity. IPF-LC has no clear treatment plan, meanwhile, the median survival time is short, and the prognosis is poor. At present, the pathogenesis and treatment plan of IPF-LC are not clear. This article provides a brief review of the current research on the risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics and treatment of IPF-LC.