Josefsenmcdonough0155
Maternal cardio-respiratory showed a metabolic investment during RU. Cortisol and behavioral analyses showed higher arousal in CTRL-infants than GTS-infants at T2. We suggest that the combination of phasic short-term and tonic long-term responses to CT-optimal stroking touch, delivered in a structured daily manner, contribute to the building of infant stress regulation and resilience.
To evaluate the analytical and clinical performance of two immunoassays for diagnosis of Graves' disease (GD), the Immulite thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI), and Elecsys Anti-TSH receptor (TSHR) assay.
Precision and analytical measurement range were assessed using pooled samples of patients. The comparison between the two methods was evaluated using 579 clinical samples, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn using the final diagnosis as reference. Clinical sensitivity and specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for the two tests.
The repeatability and intermediate imprecision coefficient of variation (CV%) of the TSI assay were 3.8% and 4.1% at 0.95IU/L, and 3.5% and3.6% at 19.5IU/L, respectively. The assays were linear over a range 0.27-38.5IU/L. There was a high correlation between the quantitative results of the two methods (correlation coefficient r=0.930). The cut-off value obtained by ROC analysis for TSI assay was 0.7IU/L with sensitivity of 93.7% and specificity of 85.1%. An overall qualitative agreement of 91.5% between two methods was observed. Among 44 patients with discordant qualitative results, the TSI assay provided more satisfactory results consistent with clinical diagnoses.
The TSI assay showed excellent analytical performance and provided a high PPV for GD.
The TSI assay showed excellent analytical performance and provided a high PPV for GD.
Bupropion is metabolized to its active metabolite, hydroxybupropion (HB), by the genetically polymorphic cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) enzyme. Despite its significant role in bupropion metabolism, the magnitude of the impact of CYP2B6genotype on the exposure of bupropion has not been quantified.
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the association of bupropion and HB exposure with CYP2B6 variant alleles and genotype-defined metabolizer phenotypes.
MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scifinder, PsycINFO, and CENTRAL were screened to identify studies that met the following inclusion criteria (search updated on February 2021) (1) area under the plasma drug concentration-time curve (AUC) of bupropion and/or HB in relation to CYP2B6genotypes was studied, and (2) study participants were genotyped for common CYP2B6 variant alleles including at least CYP2B6*6. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used to assess risk of bias in each included study. The ratio of means (RoM) between CYP2B6genotypenotype.
The CYP2B6*6 allele and genotype-determined CYP2B6 poor and intermediate metabolizer phenotypes are associated with significantly lower exposures to HB and the total active moiety. The findings of this study suggest opportunities to further study precision dosing strategies for bupropion therapy based on CYP2B6 genotype.
Z-spectrum imaging, defined as the consecutive collection of images after saturating over a range of frequency offsets, has been recently proposed as a method to measure the fat-water fraction by the simultaneous detection of fat and water resonances. By incorporating a binomial pulse irradiated at each offset before the readout, the spectral selectivity of the sequence can be further amplified, making it possible to monitor the subtle proton resonance frequency shift that follows a change in temperature.
We tested the hypothesis in aqueous and cream phantoms and in healthy mice, all under thermal challenge. The binomial module consisted of 2 sinc-shaped pulses of opposite phase separated by a delay. Such a delay served to spread out off-resonance spins, with the resulting excitation profile being a periodic function of the delay and the chemical shift.
During heating experiments, the water resonance shifted downfield, and by fitting the curve to a sine function it was possible to quantify the change in temperature. Results from Z-spectrum imaging correlated linearly with data from conventional MRI techniques like T
mapping and phase differences from spoiled GRE.
Because the measurement is performed solely on magnitude images, the technique is independent of phase artifacts and is therefore applicable in mixed tissues (e.g., fat). We showed that Z-spectrum imaging can deliver reliable temperature change measurement in both muscular and fatty tissues.
Because the measurement is performed solely on magnitude images, the technique is independent of phase artifacts and is therefore applicable in mixed tissues (e.g., fat). We showed that Z-spectrum imaging can deliver reliable temperature change measurement in both muscular and fatty tissues.
Highly expressed in almost all myeloma cells, CD38 is an attractive treatment target.
Anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies have been approved for first-line treatment in non-transplantable multiple myeloma (MM) patients.
However, it has been found in clinical use that anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies bind to CD38 on red blood cells (RBCs) and cause panagglutination in indirect antiglobulin test (IAT), resulting in false positives of IAT (Transfusion, 55, 2015 and 1545; Transfusion, 55, 2015 and 1555).
Thereby, interfering with blood bank testing and leading to the delay of further diagnosis and treatment.
With more and more patients receiving anti-CD38 treatment, it is of great importance to recognize this problem and optimize relevant diagnosis and treatment procedures to prevent RBC transfusion delays and reduce laboratory costs.
With more and more patients receiving anti-CD38 treatment, it is of great importance to recognize this problem and optimize relevant diagnosis and treatment procedures to prevent RBC transfusion delays and reduce laboratory costs.
Before MR fingerprinting (MRF) can be adopted clinically, the derived quantitative values must be proven accurate and repeatable over a range of T
and T
values and temperatures. Correct assessment of accuracy and precision as well as comparison between measurements can only be performed when temperature is either controlled or corrected for. DNA activator The purpose of this study was to investigate the temperature dependence of T
and T
MRF values and evaluate the accuracy and repeatability of temperature-corrected relaxation values derived from a B
-corrected MRF-fast imaging with steady-state precession implementation using 2 different dictionary sizes.
The International Society of MR in Medicine/National Institute of Standards and Technology phantom was scanned using an MRF sequence of 2 different lengths, a variable flip angle T
, and a multi-echo spin echo T
at 14 temperatures ranging from 15°C to 28°C and investigated with a linear regression model. Temperature-corrected accuracy was evaluated by coin this phantom study.To tackle the spread of COVID-19, governments worldwide have implemented restrictive public health behavioural measures. Whether and when these measures lead to positive or negative psychological outcomes is still debated. In this study, drawing on a large sample of individuals (Ntotal = 89,798) from 45 nations, we investigated whether the stringency of public health measures implemented at the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic in March-May 2020 was associated with individuals' levels of stress and compliance. Moreover, we addressed the question of how these associations may be moderated by the measures' implementation lag, nations' tolerance for unequal distributions of power (i.e., power distance), and individuals' institutional trust. Linear mixed models suggested that slower implementation of less stringent measures was associated with higher stress and lower compliance. Also, rapid implementation of stricter measures was associated with a mild increase in stress. Such effects were especially pronounced in countries with less tolerance for inequality. Albeit significant, the moderating effect of institutional trust was very small. The results suggest that it may be important to consider the measures' implementation lag when tackling the spread of COVID-19, but findings should be interpreted in relation to the data collection period.
To identify a reliable metric for predicting the encoding capability of CEST MR fingerprinting acquisition schedules for pH quantification, which may facilitate CEST MR fingerprinting protocol optimization.
Numerical simulations and Cr phantom MRI experiments were conducted at 3 Tesla under representative CEST MR fingerprinting sampling scenarios, including the pseudorandomization of imaging parameters (e.g., saturation power B
, saturation frequency offset, saturation time, and relaxation time), and variation of the maximum saturation power B
, B
number, and sampling pattern. The CEST effect at 2 ppm was measured using asymmetry analysis and matched to a predefined dictionary to determine the pH. The pH quantification error was assessed using RMSE. Three metrics, namely the Cramer-Rao bound, dot product, and Euclidean distance, were calculated for each sampling scenario, and their relationships with the pH RMSE were investigated to examine their effectiveness for predicting the encoding capability of sampling schedules for pH quantification.
Both simulation and phantom studies revealed that the Cramer-Rao bound metric consistently exhibited superior performance for predicting the pH quantification error. Although dot product exhibited good encoding capability prediction in most sampling scenarios, it failed in the scenario with varied B
numbers. In contrast, Euclidean distance exhibited the worst performance among the 3 metrics in all scenarios.
Superior over dot product and Euclidean distance, the Cramer-Rao bound metric may reliably predicting the encoding capability of CEST MR fingerprinting sampling strategies and may be useful for guiding CEST MRI protocol optimization.
Superior over dot product and Euclidean distance, the Cramer-Rao bound metric may reliably predicting the encoding capability of CEST MR fingerprinting sampling strategies and may be useful for guiding CEST MRI protocol optimization.
To develop a novel method to achieve fast, high-resolution, 3D multi-TE
H-MRSI of the brain.
A new multi-TE MRSI acquisition strategy was developed that integrates slab selective excitation with adiabatic refocusing for better volume coverage, rapid spatiospectral encoding, sparse multi-TE sampling, and interleaved water navigators for field mapping and calibration. Special data processing strategies were developed to interpolate the sparsely sampled data, remove nuisance signals, and reconstruct multi-TE spatiospectral distributions with high SNR. Phantom and in vivo experiments have been carried out to demonstrate the capability of the proposed method.
The proposed acquisition can produce multi-TE
H-MRSI data with three TEs at a nominal spatial resolution of 3.4 × 3.4 × 5.3mm
in around 20 min. High-SNR brain metabolite spatiospectral reconstructions can be obtained from both a metabolite phantom and in vivo experiments by the proposed method.
High-resolution, 3D multi-TE
H-MRSI of the brain can be achieved within clinically feasible time.
