Friishansson5362

Objective This study investigated the association of race/ethnicity, dietary intake, and physical activity with depression and potential other barriers associated with the use of mental health services among depressed people. Methods We used the nationally representative data, 2011-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Depression status was defined using a Patient Health Questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regressions were conducted on depression status and the use of mental health specialists among depressed adults, accounting for the complex sampling design. AZD3229 Results The prevalence of depression was 8.3% with substantial racial/ethnic differences (8.0% for white, 3.1% for Asian, 9.2% for black, 7.6% for Mexican Hispanics, 13.0% for other Hispanics). Good/acceptable diet and a high level of physical activity were negatively associated with depression. Among depressed people, no significant racial/ethnic differences were observed in using mental health specialists. Conclusion Prevalence for depression was lower among people who have good or acceptable diet and moderate physical activity. These modifiable factors as well as race/ethnicity should be incorporated into psychotherapeutic interventions to improve depression.Diabetes and hypertension are socially patterned by individual race/ethnicity and by neighborhood economic context, but distributions among Asian subgroups are undercharacterized. We examined variation in prevalence for both conditions, comparing between US Asian subgroups, including within South Asian nationalities, and comparing within subgroups by neighborhood economic context. We obtained data on a non-probability sample of 633,664 patients ages 18-64 in New York City, NY, USA (2014-2017); 30,138 belonged to one of seven Asian subgroups (Asian Indian, Bangladeshi, Pakistani, Chinese, Korean, Japanese, and Filipino). We used electronic health records to classify disease status. We characterized census tract economic context using the Index of Concentration at the Extremes and estimated prevalence differences using multilevel models. Among Asian men, hypertension prevalence was highest for Filipinos. Among Asian women, hypertension prevalence was highest for Filipinas and Bangladeshis. Diabetes prevalence was highest among Pakistanis and Bangladeshis of both genders, exceeding all other Asian and non-Asian groups. There was consistent evidence of an economic gradient for both conditions, whereby persons residing in the most privileged neighborhood tertile had the lowest disease prevalence. The economic gradient was particularly strong for diabetes among Pakistanis, whose prevalence in the most deprived tertile exceeded that of the most privileged by 9 percentage points (95% CI 3, 14). Only Koreans departed from the trend, experiencing the highest diabetes prevalence in the most privileged tertile. US Asian subgroups largely demonstrate similar neighborhood economic gradients as other groups. Disaggregating Asian subgroups, including within South Asian nationalities, reveals important heterogeneity in prevalence.This is the phase 1 of a multicenter clinical trial (NCT03738488), which aims to assess the efficacy and efficiency of surgery planning with 3D models of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with venous tumor thrombus extension (VTE) compared to the standard images (CT). The objective of this phase is to obtain a 3D printed model of RCC with VTE that is feasible, accurate, reproducible, suitable for surgical simulation, and affordable. A specific protocol was developed to obtain the computed tomography (CT) image early arterial and nephrogenic phase. ITK-snap® and VirSSPA Software® were used to segment the areas of interest. The resulting 3D mesh was processed with MeshMixer® and Cura®. Ten models from seven different cases were segmented and printed using different 3D printers and materials. We evaluated the material, scale, wall thickness, anatomy printed, 3D conformation, accuracy compared to the CT, suitability to perform the surgery, material, cost, and time (segmentation + design + fabrication + finishing). The four selected models were printed with a BQ Witbox FDM printer in polyurethane filament with a 0.8 mm wall thickness and 100% scale. All the relevant anatomical structures could be correctly identified, the 3D conformation was maintained with good accuracy compared to the CT and the surgery could be performed on them. Mean design time, model cost and printing time were 8.3 h, 33.4 €, and 38.5 h respectively. Various feasible 3D models of RCC with VTE were obtained after a few attempts. The final models were proved to be reproducible, accurate compared to the CT, and suitable for surgery simulation. The printing process was standardized making it possible to manufacture affordable 3D printed models.Enhanced recovery protocols (ERP) have demonstrated their efficacy after esophagectomy and gastrectomy but little is known about their feasibility and safety in elderly patients. Patients submitted to Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy or gastrectomy for cancer between January 2016 and June 2019 were divided into three age groups young-age group, YG (≤ 65 years, n = 130); middle-age group, MG (66-74 years, n = 101); old-age group, OG (≥ 75 years, n = 74). The groups were compared for adherence to our ERP, morbidity and mortality rates. After esophagectomy, adherence to ERP was comparable between the three groups, overall morbidity was higher in OG, without statistically significant difference, while the incidence of cardiac complications was significantly higher in OG (p = 0.02). After gastrectomy, OG presented a lower adherence to urinary catheter removal and to early mobilization. No difference in overall morbidity rate was observed (p = 0.13). The median length of stay was comparable both after esophagectomy (p = 0.075) and gastrectomy (p = 0.07). Multivariable analysis showed that age ≥ 75 years was not associated with a higher risk of ERP failure either after esophagectomy (p = 0.59) or after gastrectomy (p = 0.83). After esophagectomy, the risk of failure of the ERP program was higher for patients with ASA grade 3-4 (p = 0.03) and for those with postoperative complications (p less then 0.001) while after gastrectomy only postoperative complications were associated to higher risk of ERP failure (p less then 0.001). In our series, adherence to ERP protocol of patients ≥ 75 years old was similar to that of younger patients after esophagectomy and gastrectomy, without a significant increase in morbi-mortality rates.