Wolffvaughan1653

414, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.012 to 5.816, p<0.001), which was attenuated when leptin was included in the model, thus indicating that leptin mediates this relationship (β

=1.074, 95% CI 0.349 to 2.686, p<0.001). The percentage of the total effect mediated by leptin was 21%. Regarding sex, the mediation effect of leptin remains significant among boys (β

=0.962, 95% CI 0.009 to 2.615, p<0.001), but not in girls (β

=0.991, 95% CI 1.263 to 5.483, p=0.477).

The findings are clinically relevant to consider leptin levels as a surrogate marker of insulin sensitivity when assessing youths with excess adiposity and/or suspected Nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

The findings are clinically relevant to consider leptin levels as a surrogate marker of insulin sensitivity when assessing youths with excess adiposity and/or suspected Nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Iron deficiency is prevalent, but there is limited data about the relationship between iron status and poor outcomes in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). We aimed to investigate the association between iron status and mortality in PD patients.

This retrospective study was conducted on incident PD patients from January 2006 to December 2016 and followed up until December 2018. Patients were categorized into four groups according to baseline serum transferrin saturation (percent) and ferritin levels (ng/ml) reference (20-30%, 100-500ng/ml), absolute iron deficiency (<20%, <100ng/ml), function iron deficiency (FID) (<20%, >100ng/ml), and high iron (>30%, >500ng/ml). Among the 1173 patients, 77.5% had iron deficiency. During a median follow-up period of 43.7 months, compared with the reference group, the FID group was associated with increased risk for all-cause [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.87, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.05-3.31, P=0.032], but not cardiovascular (CV) mortality. Additionally, the high iron group had a more than four-fold increased risk of both all-cause and CV mortality [aHR 4.32 (95% CI 1.90-9.81), P<0.001; aHR 4.41 (95% CI 1.47-13.27), P=0.008; respectively].

FID and high iron predict worse prognosis of patients on PD.

FID and high iron predict worse prognosis of patients on PD.

Dipeptidyl-peptidase inhibitors might be useful in type 2 diabetes prevention. ACCES (ACute and Chronic Effects of Saxagliptin) was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, controlled phase 2, pilot study aiming to examine in obese patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) the acute effects and the effects after 12 weeks of treatment by saxagliptin on glucose levels at fasting and postprandially after a standard breakfast, and on glucose tolerance.

We included 24 obese patients with IGT. Patients were randomized to receive saxagliptin 5mg or placebo in the morning. read more The treatment was taken on Visit 1 before breakfast, then continued for 12 weeks. Biochemical measurements were performed before, one, two and three hours after a standard breakfast including 75g of carbohydrates, during Visit 1 and Visit 2 (12 weeks). Glucose variability (GV) was evaluated at Visit 1 from 24-h continuous glucose monitoring including the breakfast. A second OGTT was performed at Visit 3 (3-5 days after Visit 2). Compared with placebo-treated patients, saxagliptin-treated patients had lower 1h and 2h post-meal plasma glucose levels at Visit 1 and similar changes at Visit 2 (p<0.01 to p<0.004), with lower GV indexes after breakfast at Visit 1. At Visit 3, all patients but one in saxagliptin group and only 4 patients in placebo group turned to normal glucose tolerance. Lower glucose response to breakfast at Visit 1 was predictive of recovery of glucose tolerance.

Saxagliptin has metabolically beneficial effects in glucose-intolerant obese patients by significantly lowering postprandial blood glucose levels.

NCT01521312 https//clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01521312.

NCT01521312 https//clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01521312.

Hypertension is a risk factor for renal, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. It is responsible for a large proportion of overall morbidity and mortality every year. Hypertension-mediated organ damage is largely not reversible. For these reasons, prevention has primary importance sensibilization of population on hypertension-related consequences is essential for therapeutic adherence and reduction of unhealthy lifestyle behaviour. This study aimed to evaluate awareness about hypertension among community pharmacies customers.

A questionnaire about hypertension was collected by 2731 customers from 94 community pharmacies in North West Italy, during a hypertension screening program. Hypertension awareness was unsatisfactory in a large proportion of the sample, with only 15% of subjects having an overall good level of knowledge. Furthermore, lower awareness was associated to higher blood pressure values (132/79±19/11mmHg vs 128/78±18/10mmHg, p<0.001) and subjects resulted hypertensive or uncontrolled despite antihypertensive therapy, presented worse questionnaire scores (4.7±1.9 vs 4.9±2.0, p=0.03).

Knowledge about hypertension is largely unsatisfactory among population. Community pharmacies may play as a setting for health education and hypertension screening.

Knowledge about hypertension is largely unsatisfactory among population. Community pharmacies may play as a setting for health education and hypertension screening.

Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) is associated with hypertension according to its traditional definition. We investigated the association between SUA and incident hypertension according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and American Society of Cardiology (ACC) guidelines.

In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled 10,537 healthy individuals ≥30 years old who underwent a routine annual health examination with office blood pressure recorded at our hospital in 2016; of the participants, 7349 repeated the exam in 2017. According to the ESC and ACC guidelines, hypertension was defined as office BP≥140/90mmHg or ≥130/80mmHg. Hyperuricemia (HUA) was defined as SUA ≥7mg/dL in men and ≥6mg/dL in women. The hypertension incidence was 5.8% among 6378 individuals in the ESC cohort and 19% among 4330 individuals in the ACC cohort. Incident hypertension was significantly more common in the hyperuricemic group than in the normouricemic group (ESC 8.6% vs. 4.7%, P<0.001; ACC 25.5% vs. 16.9%, P<0.001). In the fully adjusted multivariate logistic regression analyses, each increase in SUA was associated with an increase in incident hypertension risk (ESC adjusted OR 1.