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dures tended to be older, with a smaller diameter aneurysm. Postoperatively, fEVAR was associated with shorter hospitalisation and less risk of AKI in the immediate post-operative course, but had a greater likelihood of requiring re-intervention over time. Both interventions had similar rate of renal function deterioration at 1 year and the five year mortality rate was comparable.

In the context of JRAAA, patients receiving fEVAR procedures tended to be older, with a smaller diameter aneurysm. Postoperatively, fEVAR was associated with shorter hospitalisation and less risk of AKI in the immediate post-operative course, but had a greater likelihood of requiring re-intervention over time. Both interventions had similar rate of renal function deterioration at 1 year and the five year mortality rate was comparable.

The American Heart Association (AHA) developed a concept to measure cardiovascular health in populations. We aimed to analyse participants in the Swiss Longitudinal Cohort Study (SWICOS) according to the AHA concept.

We analysed cardiovascular health according to the AHA concept in all 474 participants of the prospective, population-based SWICOS study who were 18 years or older. The AHA concept uses seven health metrics of known cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, total cholesterol, blood glucose, smoking, body weight, physical activity and diet), and classifies each health metric according to three levels (ideal, intermediate and poor) using pre-defined cut-offs.

Ideal cardiovascular health for three or more of the seven health metrics was found in 259 participants (54.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 50.1-59.4%), but a relevant number of participants (n = 213, 45.1%, 95% CI 40.6-49.7%) showed ideal cardiovascular health for only two or fewer of the seven health metrics. Poor cardiovascular health for three or more of the seven health metrics was found in 40 participants (8.5%; 95% CI 6.1-11.4%); a majority of 432 participants (91.5%; 95% CI 88.6-93.9%) showed a poor level for only two or fewer of the seven health metrics.

Overall, we found favourable results for cardiovascular health in the population-based SWICOS cohort. Nevertheless, we see the need for further health prevention campaigns given the fact that a relevant proportion of the participants could optimise their cardiovascular health.

Overall, we found favourable results for cardiovascular health in the population-based SWICOS cohort. Nevertheless, we see the need for further health prevention campaigns given the fact that a relevant proportion of the participants could optimise their cardiovascular health.

Vaccines providing protection against COVID-19 are a core tool for ending the pandemic. Though international organisations created guidance in 2020 for vaccine deployment, this had to be adapted for each country's situation and values. We aimed to assist public health decision makers by identifying areas of consensus among Swiss experts for the deployment of one or more novel COVID-19 vaccines.

An electronic, modified Delphi process between September and November 2020. We recruited a convenience sample of experts working in Switzerland from a variety of specialities, who completed two anonymous questionnaires. They voted on clarification questions and guidance statements from 0 (complete disagreement) to 10 (complete agreement). Responses for guidance statements with a median ≥8 and a lower inter-quartile range bound ≥7 were considered as reaching consensus.

Sixty-five experts accepted (66% response rate), with 47 completing the first questionnaire (72%), and 48 the second (74%). Statements reaching conopics, and could be considered for a broad range of issues during public health crises.

Experts reached consensus on several statements that were available for decision-makers when making key decisions for COVID-19 vaccine deployment in Switzerland. Statements without consensus highlighted areas requiring expert and public dialogue. The modified Delphi process allowed us to rapidly synthesise views from a broad panel of experts on sensitive topics, and could be considered for a broad range of issues during public health crises.

A growing amount of evidence has suggested that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D]-mediated hypercalcemia can be found not only in lymphoma and granulomatous disorders, but also in solid organ malignancies. Using systematic review technique, we aimed to summarize all available evidence of possible 1,25(OH)2D-mediated hypercalcemia in patients with solid organ malignancies.

Potentially eligible articles were identified from MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from inception to December 2020 using search strategy consisting of terms related to "Vitamin D", "Hypercalcemia" and "Malignancy". Eligible article must be either case report or case series that reports individual level data of a patient or patients with hypercalcemia associated with solid organ malignancy and elevated 1,25(OH)2D without concomitant conditions that may otherwise explain 1,25(OH)2D-mediated hypercalcemia. Characteristics of the patients were extracted from each study. Eligible cases were categorized into three groups, including "definite",

Spinning is an indoor stationary cycling programme that can cause severe rhabdomyolysis. We compared the clinical characteristics of spinning-induced exertional rhabdomyolysis (SER) with other exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER) and non-exertional rhabdomyolysis (NER).

This was a retrospective observational study of adult patients presenting with rhabdomyolysis to an emergency department from August 2018 to August 2019. Patients were classified as SER, ER or NER based on chart review. We compared patient demographics, serum creatine kinase (CK), transaminase and creatinine levels, admission rates, duration of hospitalisation and treatment prescribed.

62 patients were analysed. SER patients were predominantly female (77% vs. 24% vs. 26%, p < 0.01), Chinese (100% vs. 47% vs. 79%, p < 0.01) and younger (mean age 27.7 vs. 34.6 vs. 59.4 years, p < 0.01) than those with ER and NER. The SER group had the highest CK level (20,000 vs. 10,465 vs. 6,007 U/L, p < 0.01) but the lowest mean serum creatinine level (53.5 vs. 80.9 vs. 143.5 μmol/L, p < 0.01) compared to the ER and NER groups. Admission rates were the highest in SER patients (100% vs. learn more 57% vs. 90%, p < 0.01). SER mean inpatient length of stay was longer than ER but shorter than NER patients (4.3 vs. 1.9 vs. 6.0 days, p = 0.02).

SER is a unique form of rhabdomyolysis. Predominantly seen in young, healthy women, it often presents with extremely high CK levels. However, the prognosis is good and the rate of complication is low with fluid treatment.

SER is a unique form of rhabdomyolysis. Predominantly seen in young, healthy women, it often presents with extremely high CK levels. However, the prognosis is good and the rate of complication is low with fluid treatment.

Oropharyngeal swabs for diagnosis of COVID-19 often induce violent coughing, which can disperse infectious droplets onto providers. Incorrectly doffing personal protective equipment (PPE) increases the risk of transmission. A cheap, single-use variation of the face shield invented by a Singaporean team, SG Shield, aims to reduce this risk. This manikin study aimed to study the efficacy of the SG Shield in combination with standard PPE.

A person attired in full PPE whose face and chest was lined with grid paper stood in front of an airway manikin in an enclosed room. A small latex balloon containing ultraviolet fluorescent dye was placed in the oral cavity of the manikin and inflated until explosion to simulate a cough. Three study groups were tested (a) control (no shield), (b) face shield and (c) SG Shield. The primary outcome was droplet dispersion, determined quantitatively by calculating the proportion of grid paper wall squares stained with fluorescent dye. The secondary outcome was the severity of provider contamination.

The SG Shield significantly reduced droplet dispersion to 0% compared to the controls (99.0%, p = 0.001). The face shield also significantly reduced droplet contamination but to a lesser extent (80.0%) compared to the control group (p = 0.001). Although the qualitative severity of droplet contamination was significantly lower in both groups compared to the controls, the face shield group had more contamination of the provider's head and neck.

The manikin study showed that the SG Shield significantly reduces droplet dispersion to the swab provider's face and chest.

The manikin study showed that the SG Shield significantly reduces droplet dispersion to the swab provider's face and chest.

To assess the predictive power of scores used in hospital emergency departments (EDs) to give early warning of risk for mortality and hospital ward or intensive care unit (ICU) admission.

Systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Observational studies and clinical trials published between January 1, 1950, and June 12, 2020 that used early-warning scores in hospital EDs were included. The main outcomes were mortality (at 24, 48, and more than 72 hours), hospital admission, and ICU admission.

Nine studies entered into the systematic review; 4 of them, with 165 580 patients, were included in the meta-analysis. The studies were heterogeneous with respect to the scores used. The one used most often was the National Early Warning Score (NEWS). The meta-analysis of studies using the NEWS scale showed that it had good predictive power for mortality the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic was 0.88 (95%, CI, 0.87-0.89; P .001, I2 = 0%) at 24 hours and 0.86 (0.84-0.88; P .001; I2 = 49.3%) at 48 hours. The AUC for inhospital mortality was 0.77 (95% CI, 0.74-0.80; P .001; I2 = 96.2%). The NEWS score had adequate power for predicting risk of hospital ward and ICU admission.

Early warning scores used in hospital EDs are able to predict risk of early and in-hospital mortality.

Early warning scores used in hospital EDs are able to predict risk of early and in-hospital mortality.

To analyze the association between the perceived care demand in the emergency call center of Castilla La Mancha (and hospital and ICU admissions for COVID-19, as well as their temporal characteristics, to explore its potential capacity as a predictive tool for COVID hospital admissions.

Retrospective observational study on the daily calls made to the emergency call center of Castilla La Mancha, both calls to 112 and those made to COVID line, in the period between March 1 and October 14, 2020. The data were analyzed by codes "diarrhea", "dyspnea", "fever" and "general discomfort" that were used as predictor variables, and their relationship with hospital admissions and ICU admissions.

A total of 831,943 calls were received at the CLM emergency call center through 112, with a maximum on March 13, 2020 with 10,582 calls. On COVID line, a total of 208,803 calls were received in that period, with a maximum on March 15 with 23,744. A statistically significant relationship was found between the regulation codeve expert systems and their automation using artificial intelligence could be part of the preparation, planning and anticipation programs of health systems in the near future in the event of future pandemics.