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9%). The mean follow-up time after treatment was 20.8 ± 2.2 (3-110) months and the recurrence occurred in 18 eyes (13.2%) during the follow-up period. The mean recurrence-free time (months) for CIN was significantly longer than that of SCC (81.3 ± 10.0 [95%CI 61.5 - 101.1] vs 33.2 ± 4.6 [95%CI 24.0 - 42.3], p = 0.030). SCC was the only significant risk factor that influences the recurrence of the tumors with the adjusted hazard ratio of 5.69 (p = 0.005).

OSSN in Northern Thailand usually involved a limbal area and presented as a papilliform mass. HIV infection should be suspected in young patients. CIN had better outcomes after treatments than invasive SCC.

OSSN in Northern Thailand usually involved a limbal area and presented as a papilliform mass. HIV infection should be suspected in young patients. CIN had better outcomes after treatments than invasive SCC.

Orbital metastasis from pancreatic tumors is extremely rare, and its clinical characteristics are still unclear.

Our case was a 73-year-old female who noticed diplopia on right gaze 3months before referral to us. Imaging studies demonstrated a mass involving the lateral rectus muscle in the right orbit. The results of pathological examination of an excised specimen corresponded to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Systemic work-up revealed pancreatic carcinoma with peritoneal metastasis. The patient underwent chemotherapy. We reviewed literature on similar cases and found 19 reported cases of pancreatic tumors metastasizing to the orbit. The results of our review indicate a tendency for formation of solitary mass without bony erosion, delayed detection of the primary pancreatic carcinoma, and poorer prognosis of such tumors, compared to metastatic orbital tumors from other lesions.

We report a rare case of metastatic orbital tumor from an unknown primary pancreatic carcinoma. Clinical characteristics of cases with metastatic pancreatic tumors seem to be different from those with metastatic tumors from the other lesions. Pancreatic tumors are frequently asymptomatic in an early stage, leading to delayed detection of the primary pancreatic carcinoma and poorer prognosis.

We report a rare case of metastatic orbital tumor from an unknown primary pancreatic carcinoma. Clinical characteristics of cases with metastatic pancreatic tumors seem to be different from those with metastatic tumors from the other lesions. Pancreatic tumors are frequently asymptomatic in an early stage, leading to delayed detection of the primary pancreatic carcinoma and poorer prognosis.

Research consistently demonstrates that physical punishment of children including "spanking" is harmful. Interest in effective prevention is growing rapidly. The aim of the current study is to examine spanking beliefs among adolescents and parents in relation to reports of spanking that the adolescents experienced before 11years of age.

Data were drawn from Wave 1 of a study conducted in 2017-2018 that included adolescents (14-17years old) and one of their parents/caregivers from Manitoba, Canada (n = 1000 pairs). The study objectives were to examine 1) spanking beliefs of adolescents and their parents; 2) the correlation between parent and adolescent spanking beliefs; 3) whether parents perceive the words "spank" vs. "hit" differently using intraclass correlation; 4) the association between parents' beliefs about spanking and parent- and adolescent-reported use of it; and 5) the relationship between sociodemographic variables and spanking. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman's cariable categories, it may be useful to develop universal approaches to awareness-raising and implementation of education strategies in Canada.

Epidemiological studies to determine the pattern of eye disorders among children are important for proper health care planning and management. This study aimed to document the spectrum and frequency of eye diseases in children who attended the pediatric ophthalmology clinic of a tertiary teaching hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

A cross-sectional and convenient sample of 1237 male and female children (16years and below) with ocular disorders presenting for the first time and those children with a settled diagnosis coming for a follow-up visit between June 1, 2018, and May 31, 2019, were included in the study. Data on presentation age, sex, and diagnosis were collected and analyzed. Eye disorders were classified into various categories. Children were grouped into four age groups. Ratios, percentages, and chi-square associations were calculated. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Of the children, 60% were male. The mean age (standard deviation) of the children was 4.26 (± 4.1) years. mbalance, childhood cataracts, infection and inflammation of the eye and adnexa were the most commonly occurring disorders. Early presentation was common, and males were more affected than females.

Blood pressure variability (BPV) is related to clinical outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated with reperfusion therapy, but still is not included in clinical practice. This study aims to associate BPV during the first week of AIS with the outcome at three months.

We included 236 AIS patients treated with reperfusion therapy, and then divided them into good outcome and poor outcome groups. BPV measurements, including standard deviation, coefficient of variation, average real variability (ARV), and range, were recorded at stages of 2h, 24h, and 7days after reperfusion therapy, respectively. These measurements were compared between the two groups. Then, ROC curve analysis examined the ability of BPV measurements in differentiating good and poor outcome groups; logistic regression analysis detected variables associated with clinical outcome in all subjects.

The good outcome group exhibited significantly less BPV at all stages relative to the poor outcome group. The BPV measurements exhibited the potential to differentiate the two groups by the ROC curve analysis, especially for those at the 24-h stage. Higher ARV of diastolic BP and higher range of systolic BP at the 24-h stage, together with greater disease severity at baseline, were associated with poor clinical outcome.

Greater BPV during the first week of AIS is associated with poor outcome for the patients treated with reperfusion therapy. The BPV measurements play an important role in modulating clinical outcome, and have the potential to be included in future AIS guidelines.

Greater BPV during the first week of AIS is associated with poor outcome for the patients treated with reperfusion therapy. The BPV measurements play an important role in modulating clinical outcome, and have the potential to be included in future AIS guidelines.

Increasing germline gene mutations have been discovered in haematological malignancies with the development of next-generation sequencing (NGS), which is critical for proper clinical management and long-term follow-up of affected individuals. Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2) is one of the most common mutations in haematological neoplasms. We aimed to compare the clinical characteristics of patients with germline and somatic TET2 mutations in haematological diseases and to analyse whether germline TET2 mutations have a family aggregation and tumour predisposition.

Out of 612 patients who underwent NGS of 34 recurrently mutated genes in haematological diseases, 100 haematological patients with TET2 mutations were selected for further study. Somatic mutations were detected by NGS in bone marrow/peripheral blood genomic DNA (gDNA). Germline TET2 mutations were validated in nail/hair gDNA by Sanger sequencing. Digital data were extracted from the haematology department of the West China Hospital of SichP = 0.062).

Germline TET2 mutation might have a family aggregation, and TET2 may be a predisposition gene for haematological malignancy under the other gene mutations as the second hit. Germline TET2 mutation may play a role in the proportion of blood and bone marrow cells and, most importantly, may be an adverse factor for MDS patients.

Germline TET2 mutation might have a family aggregation, and TET2 may be a predisposition gene for haematological malignancy under the other gene mutations as the second hit. Germline TET2 mutation may play a role in the proportion of blood and bone marrow cells and, most importantly, may be an adverse factor for MDS patients.

Natural disasters have increased during the last several decades all over the world. Due to its geographical and climate conditions, Japan has long been vulnerable to several natural disasters. Coping with disasters is a major challenge overall and even harder for foreigners residing in Japan. Thus, the objective of this study was to examine the perceived knowledge, attitude, practice and perceived barriers of disaster preparedness among Nepalese immigrants in Japan.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among Nepalese immigrants residing in Japan with an online survey questionnaire. The questionnaire was validated and then administered. The participants were recruited via Facebook for this survey. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the factors associated with the perceived knowledge, attitude and practice of Nepalese immigrants regarding disaster preparedness.

A total of 404 respondents were analyzed in this study and among them two-third were male. We furage people to learn more about disaster preparedness.

This study observed that the perceived knowledge and practices regarding natural disasters are very poor while barriers to access these are substantial among Nepalese immigrants in Japan. As Japanese language was identified as a major barrier, the availability of language translation services in every health care sector also in the government offices of Japan might encourage people to learn more about disaster preparedness.

To report an unusual case of salzmann nodular degeneration (SND) in posterior keratoconus (PKC) after a corneal penetrating injury.

A 56-year-old woman presented with a history of recurrent light sensitivity, foreign body sensation, and tears after a corneal penetrating injury 20 years ago. The patient was diagnosed with SND accompanying with PKC by slit-lamp microscope, anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT), and corneal tomography. A combined therapy of medication (0.1% sodium hyaluronate eye drops, recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor eye drops, and 0.1% fluorometholone eye drops) and bandage contact lens could not relieve the latest episode. A phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) treatment (laser ablation depth 15 μm; treatment zone 7.5 mm) was performed to remove nodules and smooth the surface. The best spectacle-corrected visual acuity improved from 20/63 preoperatively to 20/40 postoperatively. No SND relapse and corneal ectasia were recorded at follow-up 12 months later.

This is the first known, reported case of SND accompanying with PKC after corneal trauma. MitoPQ The PTK is a safe and effective option for SND with PKC.

This is the first known, reported case of SND accompanying with PKC after corneal trauma. The PTK is a safe and effective option for SND with PKC.