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The Test component of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2nd Edition (Movement ABC-2) is used worldwide to identify children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). In China, practitioners have been using this test with the assumption that the published UK norms are valid for Chinese children. However no systematic investigation has previously been undertaken to check this assumption. 2185 children aged 3-10 years old from a national representative sample in China were therefore recruited to the current study. Performance on the Movement ABC-2 was assessed and compared with the UK standardization norms. Gender differences were also examined. The comparisons revealed that Chinese children were generally better in Manual Dexterity and Balance tasks compared to their UK peers; while UK children were better in Aiming & Catching tasks. Further analysis showed an interaction of country and age with mixed results. For both countries, girls were generally better in Manual Dexterity and Balance tasks, and boys were generally better in Aiming & Catching. Possible explanations for the country differences are discussed. The results suggest that local norms for the Movement ABC-2 Test are needed in China.The mechanisms behind nitrogen removal by the submersed macrophyte-biofilm complex in wetlands remain to be fully elucidated. This study investigated the role of Myriophyllum spicatum and the biofilm on their leaves in nitrogen removal in mesocosm experiments. 15N tracking showed that 61.9% and 30% of the 15N, respectively, was removed from the system and assimilated by the macrophyte-biofilm complex after loading with 5.4 mg L-115N labelled NH4+ for 17 days. Nitrogen budget results showed that about 0.2%, 0.2% and 3.6% of the nitrogen were emitted as water-, HCl- and NaOH-soluble nitrogen-gas species, respectively. Bacteria (76.7-91.8%) were the predominant domain in all samples, followed by eukaryotes (8.0-23.0%), archaea and viruses. Network analyses showed that there were positive- and negative-correlative relationships among nitrogen-cycling genes and nitrifiers and denitrifiers. Our data highlight the important role of biofilm on submersed macrophytes for nitrogen removal.RAS is the most frequently mutated oncogene in human cancers, with mutations in about 30% of all cancers. RAS exists in three different isoforms (K-RAS, H-RAS and N-RAS) with high sequence homology. K-RAS is the most commonly mutated RAS isoform. The Ras protein is a membrane bound protein with inherent GTPase activity and is activated by numerous extracellular stimuli, cycling between an inactive (GDP-bound) and active (GTP-bound) form. When bound to GTP, it is switched "on" and activates intracellular signaling pathways, critical for cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Mutated RAS is constitutively activated and persistently turned "on" thereby enhancing downstream signaling and leading to tumorigenesis. Various attempts to inhibit Kras in the past were unsuccessful. Recently, several small molecules (AMG510, MRTX849, JNJ-74699157, and LY3499446) have been developed to specifically target K-RAS G12C. Additionally, various other approaches including, SHP2, SOS1 and eIF4 inhibition, have been utilized to abrogate tumor growth in K-RAS mutant cells, resulting in a renewed interest in this pathway. In this review article, we provide an overview on the role of K-RAS in tumorigenesis, past approaches to inhibiting Kras, and current and future prospects for targeting Kras.The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the source of lysosomal calcium. The finding that the protein TMBIM6 -a putative ER calcium channel and cell death regulator -promotes calcium transfer from the ER to lysosomes to induce autophagy uncovers a missing piece in the puzzle of inter-organelle communication.Doxorubicin (DOX) is well-known for its potent antitumor activity but limited by its multiple and serious adverse effects. A major adverse effect is acute cardiotoxicity; yet, its mechanism has not been elucidated. Fucoidan is a multifunctional and nontoxic polysaccharide that is widely studied because of its favorable biological activities and safety. Hence, we proposed that fucoidan may play a protective role in DOX-induced acute cardiotoxicity without causing additional side effects. Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with a single high dose of DOX to induce acute cardiac injury. Fucoidan was administered orally before DOX injection and AG490, a JAK2 inhibitor, was applied to verify the participation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. In vitro, H9C2 cells were treated with the same drugs at different concentrations and intervention times. in vivo and in vitro results demonstrated that DOX administration induced myocardial damage accompanied by acceleratory apoptosis and deficient autophagy in heart tissues or cells, which could be significantly improved by fucoidan supplement. AG490 partly abolished the cardioprotective effects of fucoidan, suggesting the involvement of JAK2 signaling. Additionally, western blotting revealed DOX-induced JAK2/STAT3 pathway activation, which was enhanced by fucoidan and weaken by AG490. Hence, fucoidan exerted a favorable effect on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by enhancing autophagy and suppressing apoptosis in a JAK2/STAT3-dependent manner, which may provide a promising and novel therapeutic strategy against negative chemotherapy-induced effects.

Midwives provide care to women across the childbearing journey from pre-conception to the post-partum period in various clinical settings. Due to the increasing incidence of diabetic pregnancies, midwives are now in a position to support other health professionals, as part of a team, to reduce the stress and / or demand on the health care services.

This integrative review synthesises original research that explores the experiences and perceptions of midwives in the provision of care for women with diabetes.

Integrative review.

Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) systematic approach was used to search for primary literature related to the research question. Studies meeting the following criteria were included primary qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods research studies published in peer reviewed journals between January 2009 to October 2019. The population of interest being midwives or nurse-midwives and the outcomes of interest included their perceived role in the management of women with diabetes fach individual's needs can be met. Nanchangmycin mouse These opportunities include provision of education at a university level, offering work based training and increasing the number of post registration courses targeted at midwives who are willing to upskill to provide appropriate care to women with diabetes. Courses are required to address the knowledge, attitudes to diabetes, appropriate assessment skills and innovative communication skills for midwives.

The findings indicate that midwives need opportunities to learn and develop skills specific to their role so that each individual's needs can be met. These opportunities include provision of education at a university level, offering work based training and increasing the number of post registration courses targeted at midwives who are willing to upskill to provide appropriate care to women with diabetes. Courses are required to address the knowledge, attitudes to diabetes, appropriate assessment skills and innovative communication skills for midwives.

The objective of this study is to investigate beliefs and experiences about depression in North Korean refugees (NKRs) using both quantitative and qualitative methods.

We used an exploratory sequential mixed methods study design with a quantitative survey followed by an in-depth individual interview.

We surveyed 329 NKRs who had been in South Korea for at least a year. Eleven participants were selected from the survey sample to complete an additional individual in-depth interview to obtain further understanding about depression among NKRs in their own words and context.

About 44% of the sample had mild to severe depression; only 16% indicated that they were being treated for mood disorder. Individual in-depth interviews yielded key themes related to NKRs' depression beliefs and experiences recognizing depression, factors contributing to depression, overcoming depression, and barriers to seeking help and treatment. Integration of quantitative and qualitative data revealed that although loneliness was one of the prominent subthemes contributing to depression, strong self-determination was noted as being critical to overcoming depression among those who had moderate to moderately severe depression but had no social support.

Future efforts should be directed toward an enhanced support network and targeted education about the South Korean healthcare system, particularly in relation to mental health treatment.

Future efforts should be directed toward an enhanced support network and targeted education about the South Korean healthcare system, particularly in relation to mental health treatment.The novel coronavirus respiratory illness (COVID-19) is a public health emergency of global concern. Patients with cancer are at high risk of infections, due to an overall immunocompromised status. However, this connection is not straightforward for coronavirus (CoV) infection, in which the host immune response is the main driver of tissue damage. We performed a thorough review of data on CoV pathogenesis and morbidity rate in cancer patients, through the analysis of the previous CoV pandemics. Considering the interaction between CoV and the host immune system, cancer patients receiving immunotherapy might be more at risk for an aberrant immune response in case of infection, and might therefore deserve additional precautions. The limited available data do not allow us to provide practical indications for the management of cancer patients in this critical situation. Efforts should be made to prospectively collect data, to identify effective interventions to guide treatment decision.Neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs) have become the most widely used insecticides worldwide, and they are ubiquitous in food (i.e., fruit juices). In the present study, occurrence of seven NEOs and four metabolites (m-NEOs) in 400 fruit juice samples were investigated. NEOs and m-NEOs were frequently detected (65%-86%) in fruit juice samples. The median residues of NEOs and m-NEOs were ranged from 0.06 ng/mL to 0.94 ng/mL. Seasonal variations in NEOs and m-NEOs in fruit juices were found, indicating that the target analyte residues during the dry season were remarkably higher than those of residues during wet season. The relative potency factor (RPF) method was used to integrate individual NEOs into a single metric [imidacloprid (IMIRPF)] representing the intakes of IMI equivalent to total NEOs for each fruit juice sample. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of total NEOs for the general Chinese population was obtained. The median IMIRPF for total fruit juices was 13.4 ng/g, and the median EDI of NEOs was 18.2 ng/kg bw/day for the general population. Although the EDIs in this study were considerably lower than the acceptable daily intake (60 μg/kg bw/day, ADI), the dietary exposure risks for total NEOs should not be ignored because of the increasing usage of NEOs and their ubiquitous presence in fruit juices in China. To the best of our knowledge, this report was the first time to document residues of NEO and m-NEO in fruit juice samples collected from China.