Templetonwomble4813

Otosclerosis is a pagetoid proliferation of bone remodeling, vascular proliferation, bone resorption and new bone formation in the tympanic region of the temporal bone. The resulting anklyosis of the stapes footplate as it articulates with the oval window is the most common cause of conductive hearing loss in young to middle aged, predominantly Caucasian individuals. The characteristic histologic features have been well documented by autopsy studies of the temporal bone. Although stapedectomy is the surgical treatment for otosclerosis, the stapes specimen may be submitted for gross examination only or not examined at all. A retrospective study of 73 stapedectomy specimens (2008-2019) not including the stapes footplate. Clinical features from the electronic medical record as well as standard histologic sections from surgical specimens were reviewed. Neither the stapedal head nor crura showed histologic features of otosclerosis. There was mild osteoarthritis affecting the head, possibly as a consequence of persistent ossicular vibration superimposed on the ankylosed rigidity. The most common changes were surface fissuring (65%), cartilaginous erosion (49%) and irregularity of the osteochondral interface (51%). An occasional osteophyte (8%) was observed. The ear ossicles, embryologically analogous to long bones of the extremities, develop via endochondral ossification and exhibit articular surfaces of hyaline cartilage. The present observations suggest that a consequence of otosclerotic ankylosis is osteoarthritis of the stapedal head. In this study, the histological features could not be correlated with the severity of hearing loss or duration of clinical disease.Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) play vital roles in the tumorigenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Nevertheless, the mechanism and regulatory network associated with this process remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the expression of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs by RNA-seq. A total of 3265 mRNAs, 1084 lncRNAs, and 38 circRNAs were found to be differentially expressed. Among these, 269 mRNAs were found to encode transcription factors (TFs). Functional enrichment analysis indicated that the dysregulated TFs are associated with the Hedgehog, Jak-STAT, TGF-beta, and MAPK signaling pathways. Furthermore, we constructed co-expression networks to screen the core lncRNAs and circRNAs involved in the regulation of transcription factors in these four pathways. Finally, we constructed a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of ESCC based on the abovementioned pathways. read more Our findings provide important insight into the role of lncRNAs and circRNAs in ESCC; the differentially expressed lncRNAs and circRNAs may represent potential targets for ESCC diagnosis and therapy.According to the Construction-Integration model (Kintsch 1988; Kintsch 1998), two forms of representation are activated during the reading and the comprehension of a text 1) the text base, which includes semantic propositions and 2) the situation model, corresponding to the integration of the information contained in the text to the memories and knowledge of the reader. Functional neuroimaging studies in healthy subjects have shown that the text base is underpinned by frontal regions and lateral temporal regions whereas the situation model would rather depend on the posterior cingulate cortex, the precuneus and other regions depending on the dimension studied. However, the brain regions highlighted so far were only involved in comprehension and not necessary for this cognitive ability. For the first time, we explored the brain structures necessary to understand texts using a combined VBM/DTI approach in neuropsychological patients with whom we obtained comprehension scores (text base and situation model) after the reading of narrative texts. To our great surprise and contrary to our hypotheses, which were based on the results of functional neuroimaging studies, our own results show that it is the hippocampal region that is necessary to activate and memorize/remember the text base and the situation model. The highlighting of a link between the integrity of a portion of the uncinate fasciculus which is well known to play a role in semantic processing and the performance scores of the text base suggests that the hippocampal region is necessary not only for the retrieval of the text base and of the situation model thanks to episodic memory, but also for the activation of the text base during the reading and the comprehension of a text.

Lipoma of the filum terminale (FL) is an abnormality in which fat is deposited in the filum terminale. This lipoma is often detected by skin abnormalities in the lumbosacral area such as a sacrococcygeal dimple. Some cases may develop tethered cord and become symptomatic. However, the genetic basis of FL is still unclear.

This study aimed to determine whether there was a family history of FL or other forms of spina bifida among 54 families of 56 patients with FL and to examine whether there is a familial predisposition in FL. In addition, sex, age at diagnosis, presence of symptoms, presence of sacrococcygeal dimple, and the level of conus medullaris between familial and spontaneous cases were evaluated.

Of the 54 families of FL patients, there were 48 siblings. Among the 48 siblings, 2 had "occult" FL. The frequency of FL among siblings was estimated to be 4.2% (2/48), which was significantly higher than the sum of previously reported cases of spontaneous FL (0.91%; p = 0.017). However, there was no significant difference in sex, age at diagnosis, presence of symptoms, presence of sacrococcygeal dimple, diameter of filum terminale, or level of conus medullaris between familial and spontaneous cases.

To our knowledge, this is the first report on familial FL and examination of the frequency of FL among siblings. The high probability of FL among siblings of FL patients suggests that genetic factors may play a role in FL development.

To our knowledge, this is the first report on familial FL and examination of the frequency of FL among siblings. The high probability of FL among siblings of FL patients suggests that genetic factors may play a role in FL development.