Stilesthuesen0337

duodenalis sub-assemblage AII, whereas sequencing was not successful for Cryptosporidium positive samples. A novel multi-locus genotype of G. duodenalis was identified, which has not been described in humans or animals previously. Overall, in the studied population, infection rates with intestinal parasites were low and similar to previous published data. As infection levels were low, no associations could be made between infection status and clinical relevance, risk factors or indication of potential sources of infection, apart from the fact that infections with Giardia were positively correlated to diarrhoea. Based on the parasite species and genotypes detected, there was no indication that animals were an important source of infection. Thus, it is suggested that Giardia infections were more likely to be acquired via human-to-human transmission, either involving indirect pathways such as contaminated food or water, or via direct contact. BACKGROUND Venous congestion in heart failure (HF) may lead to worsening renal failure (WRF). We hypothesised that WRF in patients hospitalised for left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation is associated with increased 1-year mortality. There is limited data regarding WRF in HF patients with mechanical support. The objective of this paper is to determine whether WRF in HF patients hospitalised for LVAD implantation is associated with increased 1-year mortality and to identify risk factors for WRF. METHODS We performed a single centre retrospective chart analysis of 162 patients who received an LVAD between August 2006 and December 2014 with pre-LVAD right heart catheterisation data. We stratified patients to those who demonstrated WRF and the use of haemodialysis (HD) or ultrafiltration (UF). RESULTS Patients with a higher central venous pressure (CVP) >16 mmHg (17-24 mmHg range) developed WRF (29.7% vs. 14.1%, p=0.019). A CVP ≥16 and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 16 increased the odds of requiring HD/UF. CONCLUSIONS Worsening renal failure is associated with a higher CVP at the time of LVAD implantation and increases the risk of 1-year mortality and the odds of requiring HD/UF. Careful evaluation of renal function and comorbid conditions during LVAD implantation is critical to reduce mortality and for risk stratification. BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is a major cause of COPD, with patients also presenting complications that stem from other smoking-related diseases, including urothelial cancer. However, the prevalence of COPD or airflow obstruction in urothelial cancer patients has not been well studied. METHODS We investigated the prevalence of airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC  less then  70%) in newly diagnosed urothelial cancer patients and identified the risk factors for airflow obstruction in existing urothelial cancer patients. Additionally, we compared the characteristics of subjects who had been diagnosed with both airflow obstruction and urothelial cancer, and subjects whose airflow obstruction was discovered during health screenings. RESULTS A total of 217 patients were newly diagnosed with urothelial cancer during the study period at our institution. Among all patients, 210 (96.8%) underwent an evaluable lung function test, in which 38.6% (81 patients) displayed airflow obstruction defined as FEV1/FVC  less then  70%. In urothelial cancer patients, age, smoking index (pack-years), and BMI proved to be significant risk factors for airflow obstruction in multivariate logistic regression (p = 0.007, p  less then  0.0001, and p = 0.035, respectively). Gender, cancer stage, and cancer location were not significant risk factors. Patients with both airflow obstruction and urothelial cancer showed a more advanced emphysematous change than subjects presenting with airflow obstruction alone (unpaired t-test, p = 0.0003). CONCLUSIONS Airflow obstruction was identified in 38.6% of urothelial cancer patients. Age, smoking index (pack-years), and BMI were significant risk factors. A significantly higher emphysematous score was observed in subjects with urothelial cancer than in subjects with airway obstruction alone. V.INTRODUCTION A new combination tablet containing sublingual testosterone and oral buspirone (T+B) was developed to benefit a subgroup of women suffering from female sexual interest/arousal disorder, caused by dysfunctionally overactive sexual inhibition. AIM The aim of this study was to compare the effect of food intake on the pharmacokinetics of buspirone, administered as a dual-route, dual-release combination tablet containing 0.5 mg testosterone (T) and 10 mg buspirone (B). METHODS 19 healthy women took T+B under fed and fasted conditions during 2 overnight visits. The blood was sampled over a 24-hour period to determine the pharmacokinetics of buspirone and its active metabolite 1-(2-pyrimidinyl)piperazine (1-PP). Total testosterone levels were also assessed, at 5 time points and for quality control purposes only, as sublingual testosterone uptake is not expected to be influenced by prior food intake. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE PK profiles of buspirone and 1-PP. RESULTS For buspirone, the 90% confidence intervaThe Effect of Food on the Pharmacokinetics of Buspirone After Single Administration of a Sublingual Testosterone and Oral Buspirone Combination Tablet in Healthy Female Subjects. J Sex Med 2020;XXXXX-XXX. OBJECTIVE To verify the relationship between sleep characteristics and motor development in low-birth-weight preterm infants during infancy and preschool years. METHOD Forty-one healthy preterm infants ( less then 37 weeks' gestation) with low birth weight (≤1500 g) were assessed longitudinally at three different time points at 6 months of corrected age, at 12 months of corrected age, and at 4-5 years of chronological age. At 6 and 12 months, motor development was assessed using the Denver Developmental Screening Test II and Alberta Infant Motor Scale, while sleep-related habits and disturbances were assessed using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. At 4-5 years, motor development was reassessed using the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory and sleep was reassessed using the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children. Correlations were performed using sleep quality as the predictor variable and motor development as the outcome variable. RESULTS Most infants had suspected delay/atypical development at 6 and 12 months, with no difference between the scales (p = 1.000). Suspected delay/atypical development were associated with lateral sleep position (p = 0.004), greater number of nighttime awakenings (p = 0.008), and longer awake periods (p = 0.014) only at 6 months. At 4-5 years, the suspected delay/atypical development observed at 6 and 12 months disappeared. CONCLUSIONS Sleep quality correlated with delayed/atypical motor development in healthy preterm infants with low birth weight only at 6 months of corrected age, which did not appear to affect later development of motor skills. OBJECTIVE To compare quantitative CT parameters between children with severe asthma and healthy subjects, correlating to their clinical features. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed CT data from 19 school-aged children (5-17 years) with severe asthma and 19 control school-aged children with pectus excavatum. The following CT parameters were evaluated total lung volume (TLV), mean lung density (MLD), CT air trapping index (AT%) (attenuation ≤856 HU), airway wall thickness (AWT), and percentage of airway wall thickness (AWT%). Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) data were correlated to the following clinical parameters forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory flow at 25-75% (FEF 25-75%), FEV1/FVC ratio, sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage analysis, serum IgE levels, and previous hospitalizations due to asthma. RESULTS Asthma patients presented higher mean values of AT% (23.8 ± 6.7% vs. controls, 9.7 ± 3.2%), AWT (1.46 ± 0.22 mm vs. Amprenavir datasheet controls, 0.47 ± -735 ± 28 HU vs. controls, -666 ± 19 HU). Mean AT% was 29.0 ± 4.7% in subjects with previous hospitalization against 19.2 ± 5.0% in those with no prior hospitalization (p  less then  0.001). AT% presented very strong negative correlations with FVC (r = -0.933, p  less then  0.001) and FEV1 (r = -0.841, p  less then  0.001) and a moderate correlation with FEF 25-75% (r = -0.608, p = 0.007). AT% correlation with FEV1/FVC ratio and serum IgE was weak (r = -0.184, p = 0.452, and r = -0.363, p = 0.202) CONCLUSION Children with severe asthma present differences in quantitative chest CT scans compared to healthy controls with strong correlations with pulmonary function tests and previous hospitalizations due to asthma. BACKGROUND Mobile phone applications (apps) for urinary tract infections (UTIs) can help in the management of UTIs. OBJECTIVE To review the apps available for UTIs and check its adherence to the European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We reviewed all mobile phone apps from the iTunes App Store and Google Play for UTIs and evaluated various aspects of apps, as well as their current and potential usage in screening, prevention, or management. The inclusion criteria were English-language apps for adults with upper or lower tract UTIs. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Each app was sorted into one of the following categories "informative", "tracker", or "urinalysis"; each app was then checked for its adherence to EAU guidelines based on a 31-point checklist. One point was given for each piece of specific advice provided by the app, with a maximum score of 31. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS A total of 34 apps were initially identified from the app download platforms, and after exclusions, 11 were evaluated. The apps had a high average user rating of 4.04 (range 0-5). The median number of downloads was 1000 (range less then 100-100 000). The average adherence to the EAU checklist was low at 31.36% (3.3-70%). The app performance for prevention of recurrent UTIs, uncomplicated cystitis, and pyelonephritis was 14.9%, 33.1%, and 41.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Apps to support the management of UTIs could be improved by better adherence to European guidelines and recommendations based on up-to-date evidence, especially for the management of recurrent UTIs. link2 PATIENT SUMMARY In this study, we look at the role of mobile phone applications (apps) in screening, prevention, and management of urinary tract infections and their adherence to European Association of Urology guidelines. link3 We found that apps need to improve with better compliance to European guidelines, especially for the management of recurrent urinary tract infections. CONTEXT The main challenge in radical prostatectomy is complete excision of malignant tissue, while preserving continence and erectile function. Positive surgical margins (PSMs) occur in up to 38% of cases, are associated with tumour recurrences, and may result in debilitating additional therapies. Despite surgical developments for prostate cancer (PCa), no technology is yet implemented to assess surgical margins of the entire prostatic surface intraoperatively. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of novel imaging methods developed for intraoperative margin assessment in PCa surgery, which are compared with standard postoperative histopathology. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A literature search of the last 10 yr was conducted in the Scopus, PubMed, and Embase (Ovid) databases. Eligible articles had to report the PSM rate according to their intraoperative margin assessment technology in comparison with standard histopathology. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS The search resulted in 616 original articles, of which 11 were included for full-text review.