Stilespontoppidan2487

05). Moreover, hypoxia increased intracellular [Ca2+] levels compared with normoxia (P less then 0.05); meanwhile, DHAP treatment decreased [Ca2+]i compared with the HG (P less then 0.05). These findings suggested that DHAP inhibits hypoxia-induced proliferation of HPASMCs involving [Ca2+]i reduction. Therefore, DHAP should be considered an ideal candidate for the prevention and/or treatment of hypoxia-associated pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vascular remodeling.The objective of this study is to mask the extremely bitter taste of tilmicosin, and the tilmicosin-resin complex (DRC) microsphere were prepared by entrapping tilmicosin into resins (Tulsion® 339 and Eudragit® RS/ RL 100) for further pharmacokinetics study in rat. The DRC was characterized by FTIR and X-ray diffraction, and the microsphere containing DRC and Eudragit® RS/RL 100 were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The rats were orally administrated with tilmicosin phosphate (10 mg/kg) and the microsphere containing the same dose of tilmicosin, respectively. These microspheres do not taste bitter and the kinetics study suggests that the drug released from microsphere meet the first order kinetics (r = 0.9911). The experimental results showed that T½ and Tmax of microsphere were much longer than tilmicosin phosphate, which indicates that the oral microsphere can be a promising long-active formulation for taste masking of tilmicosin.The hepatoprotective effects of a water extract formula (WEF) derived from three selected TCM herbs (i.e. Corn silk (Maydis stigma), lotus leaf (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)) were apprised by the antioxidant activities and by the decay of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced rats. The results indicated that the WEF had higher contents of total phenolic and flavonoids, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging ability, ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) and equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). The animal experiments revealed that the WEF administration could lower malondialdehyded (MDA) level, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST) activities, resume triglyceride (TG) and decreased glutathione (GSH) levels, and reform or resume super oxide dismutase (SOD) content as well as improve peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GRd) and catalase (CAT) activities in CCl4-induced rats. BPTES clinical trial The histological inspections of liver demonstrated that CCl4 enlarged the extents of bile duct proliferation, necrosis, fibrosis, steatosis and fatty vacuolation all round liver, but the first three can be ameliorated by WEF. Based on these evidences from this study, the WEF by regulating the related antioxidant enzymes of liver to exhibit hepatoprotective effects was confirmed and it can be use as a substitute for the silymarin.Ellettaria cardamomum (Cardamom) is an excellent antioxidant and its phytochemicals possess astounding detox properties. The bioactives of E. cardamomum have low bioavailability due to complex molecular structure. The main aim of this research was to formulate the E. cardamomum loaded phytosomes to improve the bioavailability with better ACE inhibition potential. The phytosomes were prepared by thin layer hydration technique. Various synthetic parameters for formulation of phytosomes were optimized by response surface methodology. Formulated phytosomes were characterized through spectroscopically and their biological activities eg. ACE inhibition were also investigated. Resultantly, the optimal production of phytosomes was achieved with the equal quantity (300 mg) of E. cardamomum and phospholipids at the time of 20 minutes of hydration. UV-Visible spectra confirmed the chemical and physical interaction between phospholipid and bioactives functional groups. The optimized E. cardamomum phytosome had 71% of entrapment efficiency. The average vesicle size of phytosomes was 577.8 nm with polydispersity index 0.443. SEM analysis revealed that phytosomes were spherical in shape. The phytosomes of E. cardamomum showed higher antioxidant and antimicrobial activities than its crude extract. The ACE inhibition activity of phytosomes (46%) was enhanced than the crude extract (39 %).The major polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) of green tea shows well-known health benefits such as potential anti-cancer, anti-oxidation and ameliorating cardiovascular disease. This work aims to improve the bioactivity of EGCG on H9C2 cardiomyocytes by combination regimen of vardenafil and EGCG. The proliferative rates were significantly improved by 18.74%, 10.77% and 29.17% after 48 h with EGCG, vardenafil, and the combination of EGCG and low-dose vardenafil treatments, respectively. The treatments also increased the expression of the nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and acutely stimulate production of vasodilators nitric oxide (NO) from 17.33μmol/L to 19.75, 20.87 and 24.47μmol/L in H9C2 cells. We further demonstrated that vardenafil also remarkably promoted EGCG to counteract H2O2-induced apoptotic damage in H9C2 by strengthening antioxidant defense systems and suppressing myocardial apoptosis. These results suggest that EGCG and low-dose vardenafil in combination may be a promising regimen to help prevent cardiovascular diseases.Nigella sativa is an extensively utilized herbal medicinal plant. Medicinal utilization of seeds and oil of N. sativa was common among all the ancient medicinal systems. Previously, the vegetative part of the plant was not utilized for pharmaceutical purposes. Therefore, the current study was aimed at determining the potential of the vegetative parts (leaves, branches and stem) of the plant to reduce the pressure on the reproductive part (seeds/oil) and to get a potential alternate source of pharmaceutical materials. The experiment was carried out in split block RCD design. The dried plant was extracted through partitioning method in a series of concentrations ranging from 200-1.562mg/ml in different solvents. Phyto-chemical screening, antibacterial and anti-oxidant assays and GC-MS analysis of the potent extracts were done. The green parts of N. sativa were shown to contain saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, and flavonoids, whereas phloba-tannins were absent. Evaluation of anti-aging properties through antioxidant assays yielded significant results in all the assays. Linoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and glyceryl linoleate were profiled through GC-MS analysis. Based on these results, it was concluded that the vegetative parts of N. sativa are effective alternatives to the reproductive part/seed for anti-aging and other phytochemicals needed to meet the present day requirements of the pharmaceutical industry.Sauropus spatulifolius Beille (S. spatulifolius) is the dried plant of the genus Sauropus, and belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae. To study the pharmacognosy of Sauropus spatulifolius Beille (S. spatulifolius). A preliminary analysis in terms of primal identification, macroscopic identification and chemistry was carried out on S. spatulifolius. The transverse section of S. spatulifolius roots and stem showed that the cambium was obvious and the xylem was well developed; the transverse section of roots shows that the phloem appeared narrow and the vascular bundle was collateral. The transverse section of the stem showed occasional prickling of the periderm. The transverse section of the leaves showed that the lower epidermal cells are covered by non-glandular hairs; the palisade cells and spongy tissues were clearly distinguished; the stomatic type of the lower epidermis was paracytic, with stomatal index of 31.76%. Fiber, scalariform vessels and spiral vessels, pollen grains and so on were commonly seen in the powder. Through chemical identification, polysaccharides, glycosides, alkaloids and other components were identified in the plant. TLC result shows that T-test result was 0.018, indicating significant difference. The pharmacognostic features of S. spatulifolius are obvious, providing reference for further utilization and development of this plant.Electrospun nanofibrous membranes have gained great focused in medical research due to its simplicity, diversity and biodegradability. The challenge to researchers is to make more effective and sustainable by incorporating pristine materials to address adverse health issues of society. In this work, considering the unique characteristics of Graphene and its derivatives, well-dispersed Graphene Oxide (GO) were prepared using Modified Hummer's method. Further, the mixture of solutions, Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) PVA with synthesized GO nano-particles, was successively fabricated into nanofibrous membranes by electrospinning technique. Further, the electrospun membranes were cross-linked through vapours of Glutaraldehyde (GA) in controlled environment to make membranes hydrophobic in nature. In addition, the characterization of synthesized GO and electrospun nanofibers were done using SEM, XRD and FTIR. The results show that GO incorporation decreases the average diameter of nanofibers from 422±133nm to 274.1±93.23nm, whereas crosslinking of nanofibers at various hours (12 to 48h) tends to increase the average diameter from 368.4±130.1nm to 671.41±293nm. In addition to that the 12h crosslinked nanofibers membrane shows better antibacterial activity than without crosslinked PVA/GO membrane against E. coli after 24h of incubation. This primarily work provides a basis for further studies of this novel nanofibrous material.The bioengineered luciferase reporter has been widely used for monitoring of a variety of molecular events in living cells because of their ability to provide highly sensitive quantitation with broad linearity. In the present study, we made a cyclin A2-luciferase (CYCA-Luc) fusion protein and examined the utility of this optical reporter for monitoring G2-phase cell cycle arrest in living animals. In vitro luciferase assay and in vivo bioluminescence imaging assay showed that the lithium chloride (LiCl), G2-phase-specific drug, induced G2-phase arrest of cell cycle and increased the activity of this reporter under in vitro or in vivo conditions, and this reporter can also be potentially used in high-throughput screening efforts aimed at discovering novel anti-cancer drugs that will cause cell cycle arrest at the G2-phase in cultivated cell lines and animal models.Sixteen derivatives of dithiin diisoimide 2a-2p have been synthesized and screened for antibacterial and antifungal activity. Compounds 2a-2g and 2i-2p are almost same or more active than gentamicine against Acinetobacter. Whereby compound 2,6-didodecyl-1H,5H-pyrrolo[3',4',5,6][1,4]dithiino[2,3-c]pyrrole-1,3,5,7(2H,6H)-tetrone (2d) having zone of inhibition 20 mm against Acinetobacter is the most potent among all these compounds and can be used as lead compound for the treatment of Acinetobacter infection.In the present study, special attention was drawn to CCl4-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and how the nephrotoxicity could be treated or prevented by administration of aqueous extracts of Curcuma longa (AECL) alone or in combination with some calcium channel blockers. Thirty (30) male albino wister rats were grouped according to their weight into 6 groups (A-F) of 5 rats per group. Rats in groups A-D received CCl4 (0.4ml/kg b.wt, i.p) for 3 days. Group B received AECL (200mg/kg, oral), Group C received AECL and nifedipine (1mg/100g of rat, i.p), Group D received AECL and amlodipine (1mg/100g of rat, i.p), and group E received AECL alone with no CCl4 challenge for 3 days. No treatment was administered to group F (Normal control). Serum renal biochemical parameters; MDA level and SOD activity in the kidney homogenates were measured. CCl4 administration to the rats resulted to acute kidney injury with significantly increased Urea, Creatinine, K+ and MDA levels and decreased SOD activity (p less then 0.05, p less then 0.