Rytterhanley5877

We report the observation of gravity-capillary waves on a torus of fluid. By means of an original technique, a stable torus is achieved by depositing water on a superhydrophobic groove with a shallow wedge-shaped channel running along its perimeter. Using a spatiotemporal optical measurement, we report the full dispersion relation of azimuthal waves propagating along the inner and outer torus borders, highlighting several branches modeled as varicose, sinuous, and sloshing modes. Standing azimuthal waves are also studied leading to polygonlike patterns arising on the two torus borders with a number of sides different when a tunable decoupling of the two interfaces occurs. The quantized nature of the dispersion relation is also evidenced.We study the spin polarization generated by the hydrodynamic gradients. In addition to the widely studied thermal vorticity effects, we identify an undiscovered contribution from the fluid shear. This shear-induced polarization (SIP) can be viewed as the fluid analog of strain-induced polarization observed in elastic and nematic materials. We obtain the explicit expression for SIP using the quantum kinetic equation and linear response theory. Based on a realistic hydrodynamic model, we compute the differential spin polarization along both the beam direction z[over ^] and the out-plane direction y[over ^] in noncentral heavy-ion collisions at sqrt[s_NN]=200  GeV, including both SIP and thermal vorticity effects. We find that SIP contribution always shows the same azimuthal angle dependence as experimental data and competes with thermal vorticity effects. In the scenario that Λ inherits and memorizes the spin polarization of a strange quark, SIP wins the competition, and the resulting azimuthal angle dependent spin polarization P_y and P_z agree qualitatively with the experimental data.With subrecoil-laser-cooled atoms, one may reach nanokelvin temperatures while the ergodic properties of these systems do not follow usual statistical laws. Instead, due to an ingenious trapping mechanism in momentum space, power-law-distributed sojourn times are found for the cooled particles. Here, we show how this gives rise to a statistical-mechanical framework based on infinite ergodic theory, which replaces ordinary ergodic statistical physics of a thermal gas of atoms. In particular, the energy of the system exhibits a sharp discontinuous transition in its ergodic properties. check details Physically, this is controlled by the fluorescence rate, but, more profoundly, it is a manifestation of a transition for any observable, from being an integrable to becoming a nonintegrable observable, with respect to the infinite (non-normalized) invariant density.In the conformal field theories given by the Ising and Dirac models, when the system is in the ground state, the moments of the reduced density matrix of two disjoint intervals and of its partial transpose have been written as partition functions on higher genus Riemann surfaces with Z_n symmetry. We show that these partition functions can be expressed as the grand canonical partition functions of the two-dimensional two component classical Coulomb gas on certain circular lattices at specific values of the coupling constant.Soft glassy materials such as mayonnaise, wet clays, or dense microgels display a solid-to-liquid transition under external shear. Such a shear-induced transition is often associated with a nonmonotonic stress response in the form of a stress maximum referred to as "stress overshoot." This ubiquitous phenomenon is characterized by the coordinates of the maximum in terms of stress σ_M and strain γ_M that both increase as weak power laws of the applied shear rate. Here we rationalize such power-law scalings using a continuum model that predicts two different regimes in the limit of low and high applied shear rates. The corresponding exponents are directly linked to the steady-state rheology and are both associated with the nucleation and growth dynamics of a fluidized region. Our work offers a consistent framework for predicting the transient response of soft glassy materials upon startup of shear from the local flow behavior to the global rheological observables.We report complex behaviors in the phase evolution of transition-metal dichalcogenide IrTe_2 thin flakes, captured with real-space observations using scanning Raman microscopy. The phase transition progresses via growth of a small number of domains, which is unlikely in statistical models that assume a macroscopic number of nucleation events. Consequently, the degree of phase evolution in the thin flakes is quite variable for the selected specimen and for a repeated measurement sequence, representing the emergence of complexity in the phase evolution. In the ∼20-μm^3-volume specimen, the complex phase evolution results in the emergent coexistence of a superconducting phase that originally requires chemical doping to become thermodynamically stable. These findings indicate that the complexity involved in phase evolution considerably affects the physical properties of a small-sized specimen.The generation and verification of genuine multipartite nonlocality (GMN) is of central interest for both fundamental research and quantum technological applications, such as quantum privacy. To demonstrate GMN in measurement data, the statistics are commonly postselected by neglecting undesired data. Until now, valid postselection strategies have been restricted to local postselection. A general postselection that is decided after communication between parties can mimic nonlocality, even though the complete data are local. Here, we establish conditions under which GMN is demonstrable even if observations are postselected collectively. Intriguingly, certain postselection strategies that require communication among several parties still offer a demonstration of GMN shared between all parties. The results are derived using the causal structure of the experiment and the no-signaling condition imposed by relativity. Finally, we apply our results to show that genuine three-partite nonlocality can be created with independent particle sources.Microscale Janus emulsions represent a versatile material platform for dynamic refractive, reflective, and light-emitting optical components. Here, we present a mechanism for droplet actuation that exploits thermocapillarity. Using optically induced thermal gradients, an interfacial tension differential is generated across the surfactant-free internal capillary interface of Janus droplets. The interfacial tension differential causes droplet-internal Marangoni flows and a net torque, resulting in a predictable and controllable reorientation of the droplets. The effect can be quantitatively described with a simple model that balances gravitational and thermal torques. Occurring in small thermal gradients, these optothermally induced Marangoni dynamics represent a promising mechanism for controlling droplet-based micro-optical components.Quantifying entanglement properties of mixed states in quantum field theory via entanglement of purification and reflected entropy is a new and challenging subject. In this work, we study both quantities for two spherical subregions far away from each other in the vacuum of a conformal field theory in any number of dimensions. Using lattice techniques, we find an elementary proof that the decay of both the entanglement of purification and reflected entropy is enhanced with respect to the mutual information behavior by a logarithm of the distance between the subregions. In the case of the Ising spin chain at criticality and the related free fermion conformal field theory, we compute also the overall coefficients numerically for the both quantities of interest.The growth of cracks can be substantially influenced by the environment. Atomic modeling provides a means to isolate the action of individual mechanisms involved in such complex processes. Here, we utilize a newly implemented multiscale modeling approach to assess the role of material dissolution on long crack growth in a ductile material. While we find dissolution to be capable of freeing arrested fatigue cracks, the crack tip is always blunted under both static and cyclic loading, suggesting that dissolution has an overall crack arresting effect. Despite observations of plasticity-induced-dissolution and dissolution-induced-plasticity that are consistent with macroscale experiments, dissolution-induced-blunting is found to be independent of mechanical loading magnitude. This will simplify implementation of the dissolution-induced-blunting process into continuum crack growth models.Periodically driven (Floquet) quantum systems have recently been a focus of nonequilibrium physics by virtue of their rich dynamics. Time-periodic systems not only exhibit symmetries that resemble those in spatially periodic systems, but also display novel behavior that arises from symmetry breaking. Characterization of such dynamical symmetries is crucial, but often challenging due to limited driving strength and lack of an experimentally accessible characterization technique. Here, we show how to reveal dynamical symmetries, namely, parity, rotation, and particle-hole symmetries, by observing symmetry-induced Floquet selection rules. Notably, we exploit modulated driving to reach the strong light-matter coupling regime, and we introduce a protocol to experimentally extract the transition matrix elements between Floquet states from the system coherent evolution. By using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond as an experimental test bed, we execute our protocol to observe symmetry-protected dark states and dark bands, and coherent destruction of tunneling. Our work shows how one can exploit the quantum control toolkit to study dynamical symmetries that arise in the topological phases of strongly driven Floquet systems.Compared to light interferometers, the flux in cold-atom interferometers is low and the associated shot noise is large. Sensitivities beyond these limitations require the preparation of entangled atoms in different momentum modes. Here, we demonstrate a source of entangled atoms that is compatible with state-of-the-art interferometers. Entanglement is transferred from the spin degree of freedom of a Bose-Einstein condensate to well-separated momentum modes, witnessed by a squeezing parameter of -3.1(8)  dB. Entanglement-enhanced atom interferometers promise unprecedented sensitivities for quantum gradiometers or gravitational wave detectors.We present large-scale dynamical simulations of electronic phase separation in the single-band double-exchange model based on deep-learning neural-network potentials trained from small-size exact diagonalization solutions. We uncover an intriguing correlation-induced freezing behavior as doped holes are segregated from half filled insulating background during equilibration. While the aggregation of holes is stabilized by the formation of ferromagnetic clusters through Hund's coupling between charge carriers and local magnetic moments, this stabilization also creates confining potentials for holes when antiferromagnetic spin-spin correlation is well developed in the background. The dramatically reduced mobility of the self-trapped holes prematurely disrupts further growth of the ferromagnetic clusters, leading to an arrested phase separation. Implications of our findings for phase separation dynamics in materials that exhibit colossal magnetoresistance effect are discussed.