Robersonhu4436

Currently, blade-coated perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), that is, greater than 20%, normally employ methylammonium lead tri-iodide with a sub-optimal bandgap. Alloyed perovskites with formamidinium (FA) cation have narrower bandgap and thus enhance device photocurrent. However, FA-alloyed perovskites show low phase stability and high moisture sensitivity. Here, it is reported that incorporating 0.83 molar percent organic halide salts (OHs) into perovskite inks enables phase-pure, highly crystalline FA-alloyed perovskites with extraordinary optoelectronic properties. The OH molecules modulate the crystal growth, enhance the phase stability, passivate ionic defects at the surface and/or grain boundaries, and enhance the moisture stability of the perovskite film. A high efficiency of 22.0% under 1 sun illumination for blade-coated PSCs is demonstrated with an open-circuit voltage of 1.18 V, corresponding to a very small voltage deficit of 0.33 V, and significantly improved operational stability with 96% of the initial efficiency retained under one sun illumination for 500 h.This study evaluated the impact of a nutrition education intervention on child feeding practices and children's nutritional status. Using a randomized controlled trial, we conducted an intervention for 6 months among caregivers with children aged 6-17 months in two subdistricts of Kendari, SE Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. In all, 22 integrated health posts were randomly assigned to an educational intervention or control group with 266 participants in both groups. Participants in the intervention group attended four nutrition classes and received a monthly home visit by cadres (community volunteers), whereas participants in the control group only received standard monthly health care at the health post. The primary study outcome was children's dietary diversity scores (DDSs). Mixed model analysis was conducted to examine the intervention effects on DDS and children's growth adjusting for clustering within subvillages. The study showed the educational intervention had a significant effect on children's DDS. Children in the intervention group had a larger DDS compared with children in the control group (Beta [mean difference] = 0.34, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.66, P = 0.038). The intervention effect on height-for-age z-score (HAZ) could not be shown (Beta = 0.24, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.56, P = 0.112). However, stunting prevalence remained stable in the intervention group but increased in the control group. Roblitinib in vivo These results indicated nutrition education delivered through nutrition classes combined with regular home visits by cadres as influencers provided a great potential to be adopted to complement other nutrition programmes in community health centres.Despite its effectiveness, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been widely but diminishingly used in India. The current study evaluated a video psychoeducation on ECT offered to adults in India who screened positive for depression. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either video or brochure psychoeducation. Both video and brochure psychoeducation significantly improved participants' perceptions, knowledge, and willingness to receive ECT with only a few significant differences between the two modalities. Together, these findings suggest that psychoeducation is effective. Video psychoeducation which can be inexpensive and widely distributed may represent an important way to encourage patients to consider ECT as an option.Introduction Successful pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) can improve the quality of life (QOL) of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the role of durable PVI for such QOL improvement is not known. The aim of this study was to clarify the effectiveness of durable PVI in improving the QOL of patients with AF. Methods and results We assessed 119 patients who underwent PVI (age 66.4 ± 9.6 years, 104 paroxysmal AF). A scheduled electrophysiological study was performed 6 months after the first PVI session-regardless of recurrence of AF-to assess the durability of PVI and to identify and re-isolate reconnected pulmonary veins. QOL scores were evaluated by an AF-specific QOL questionnaire and checked at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year after the first session. In patients without AF recurrence (nonrecurrence group, n = 93), the scores at 6 months improved compared with those at baseline; conversely, the scores did not improve in patients with AF recurrence (n = 26). Nevertheless, the scores at 1 year improved compared with those at 6 months in both groups. Within the nonrecurrence group, the score difference between 6 months and baseline was higher in the durable PVI group (n = 58) than that in the nondurable PVI group (n = 35). Conclusions The QOL of AF patients improved by the resumption of sinus rhythm following PVI. Patients with durable PVI had increased QOL scores compared with those with nondurable PVI. The durability of PVI may achieve further improvements in the QOL of patients with AF.Discovery of species with adaptive aromaticity (being aromatic in both the lowest singlet and triplet states) is particularly challenging as cyclic species are generally aromatic either in the ground state or in the excited state only, according to Hückel's and Baird's rules. Inspired by the recent realization of cyclo[18]carbon, here we demonstrate that cyclo[10]carbon possesses adaptive aromaticity by screening cyclo[n]carbon (n=8-24), which is supported by nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS), anisotropy of the current-induced density (ACID), π contribution of electron localization function (ELFπ ) and electron density of delocalized bonds (EDDB) analyses. Further study reveals that the lowest triplet state of cyclo[10]carbon is formed by in-plane ππ* excitation. Thus, the major contribution to the aromaticity from out-of-plane π molecular orbitals does not change significantly in the lowest singlet state. Our findings highlight a crucial role of out-of-plane π orbitals in maintaining aromaticity for both the lowest singlet and triplet states as well as the aromaticity dependence on the number of the carbon in cyclo[n]carbon.