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Healthcare workers and disaster service workers have been reported to be vulnerable to mental health problems during outbreaks of infectious diseases such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the psychosocial characteristics of disaster service workers in charge of COVID-19-related work and also identify the factors affecting their quality of life.

From June 2020 to June 2021, a survey was conducted of 526 disaster service workers in charge of COVID-19-related work. This included those working in public health care centers (PHC), 119 rescue and emergency medical services (119 REMS), public servants of city hall (PS), and police officers. The Korean version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-15, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and World Health Organization quality of life assessment instrument brief form were used. A one-way ANOVA was conducted, and a stepwise regression analysis was carried out th resilience. Therefore, active interventions are needed to improve the resilience of disaster service workers.

Tumor mutation burden (TMB) is arising as a useful marker of checkpoint inhibitors' effectiveness in cancer patients in general and has been proposed as predictive in breast cancers. Despite the initial success of checkpoint inhibitors in triple-negative breast cancer, ER-positive breast cancers are less amenable to immunotherapy treatments due to the lower immunogenicity of this subset, associated with lower TMB and less pronounced inflammatory cell infiltration. However, a minority of ER-positive breast cancers do have a higher TMB and could be targets of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

This investigation uses publicly available genomic data to examine ER-positive/HER2-negative or luminal breast cancers with high mutation numbers and compare them with cancers of the same subtype and low mutation numbers. Clinical characteristics and molecular correlates according to mutation numbers are described.

ER-positive/HER2-negative and luminal breast cancers with high mutation numbers have a higher prevalence of

mutations and in some of the series examined mutations in

and

. A significant proportion of cancers with high mutation numbers carry mutations in microsatellite instability genes and genes involved in DNA damage response. Despite these differences, the prognosis of ER-positive/HER2-negative and luminal breast cancers with high mutation numbers is not significantly different compared to counterparts with lower mutation counts.

These data may inform the potential suitability of these cancers for immunotherapy and could guide the development of rational combination therapies based on immune checkpoint inhibitors with other targeted drugs.

These data may inform the potential suitability of these cancers for immunotherapy and could guide the development of rational combination therapies based on immune checkpoint inhibitors with other targeted drugs.To prove the role of high-tech investigation in monitoring corneal morphological changes in patients with neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) using Keratograph 5M (K5M) and anterior segment OCT (AS-OCT), corneal healing was monitored with Keratograph 5M (Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) and AS-OCT (DRI, Triton, Topcon, Tokyo, Japan) in 13 patients (8F and 5M), aged from 24 to 93 years (67.8 ± 19) with severe NK, who were treated with Cenegermin 0.002% (20 μg/mL) (Oxervate®, Dompè, Farmaceutici Spa, Milan, Italy). The surface defects were evaluated on Keratograph 5M with ImageJ software and the corneal thickness variations were measured using DRI-Triton OCT software. Instrumental procedures were performed at baseline, and after 4 and 8 weeks of the treatment, respectively. The main outcome measures were reduction of the ulcers' area and corneal thickness recovery. The mean area of the corneal ulcers was reduced between baseline and 4 weeks examination in all patients, and at 8 weeks all ulcers were completely healed. An increase of the corneal thickness was evidenced between the baseline visit and after the 4- and 8-week follow-up, respectively. Additionally, only in collaborating subjects the In Vivo Confocal Microscopy (IVCM) was performed with HRT Rostock Cornea Module (Heidelberg Eng GmbH) to study the corneal nerves fibres. High-tech diagnostics with K5M, AS-OCT and IVCM proved useful in the assessment of corneal morphology and the healing process in patients with NK and could be extended to assess other corneal pathologies.We would like to thank Lin Chen et al. [...].Myasthenia gravis (MG) is the most extensively studied antibody-mediated disease in humans. Substantial progress has been made in the treatment of MG in the last century, resulting in a change of its natural course from a disease with poor prognosis with a high mortality rate in the early 20th century to a treatable condition with a large proportion of patients attaining very good disease control. This review summarizes the current treatment options for MG, including non-immunosuppressive and immunosuppressive treatments, as well as thymectomy and targeted immunomodulatory drugs.Displaced pelvic fracture is among the most complicated fractures in traumatic orthopedics, with high mortality and morbidity. Reduction is considered a complex procedure as well as a key part in surgical treatment. However, few robotic techniques have been employed in the reduction of pelvic fracture, despite the rapid advancement of technologies. Recently, we designed a robot surgery system specialized in the autonomous reduction of displaced pelvic fracture and applied it in the true patient for the first time. In this paper, we report its successful clinical debut in the surgery of a displaced pelvic fracture. Total surgery time was 110 min and an anatomic reduction was achieved. We then present a brief overview of the literature about reduction techniques in pelvic fracture and introduce related principles involved in our robot-assisted reduction system.

To investigate the characteristics of macular outward scleral height (MOSH) in different grades of myopic tractional maculopathy (MTM) and explore the risk factors for MTM.

A total of 188 eyes (188 participants) with high myopia were divided into the no MTM (nMTM) group and the MTM group, which was further graded into foveoschisis, foveal detachment, full-thickness macular hole, and macular hole with retinal detachment. Swept-source optical coherence tomography was used to measure the MOSH.

No significant differences were found in axial length between the nMTM and MTM groups (

= 0.295). The MOSH was significantly higher in the MTM group (

< 0.001), which was identified as a risk factor for MTM (OR = 1.108,

< 0.001). The proportion of eyes with severe atrophic myopic maculopathy (AMM) was higher in the MTM group (28.48%) (

= 0.003). The macular hole with foveoschisis (MH/FS+) subgroup presented a higher average MOSH (

= 0.012) and more severe AMM (

= 0.009) than the macular hole without foveoschisis (MH/FS-) subgroup.

MOSH would be more suitable for estimating MTM occurrence than axial length. The grading of AMM helps to evaluate the severity of MTM. Selleckchem N6F11 The categorization of MH/FS- as a distinct grade from MH/FS+ might be preferable.

MOSH would be more suitable for estimating MTM occurrence than axial length. The grading of AMM helps to evaluate the severity of MTM. The categorization of MH/FS- as a distinct grade from MH/FS+ might be preferable.

The utility of proposed non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) markers for the prediction of hematoma expansion in patients with antithrombotic-related spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is limited. Additionally, there is significant overlap between different suggested ICH shape and density markers.

We assessed the prognostic yield for hematoma expansion of a combined score incorporating features of ICH shape irregularity (satellite sign and/or Barras score ≥ 3), heterogeneous ICH density (swirl sign and/or Barras score ≥ 3) on baseline NCCT and timing from ICH onset to NCCT.

We evaluated data from 79 patients with antithrombotic-related spontaneous ICH (32% with hematoma expansion). Swirl (84% vs. 39%) and satellite signs (20% vs. 7%) on baseline NCCT were significantly more prevalent (

< 0.001) in patients with hematoma expansion. Patients with hematoma expansion had more irregular and heterogeneous bleeds on baseline NCCT scans, as quantified by higher (

< 0.001) Barras shape (4 (4-5) vs. 3 (2-4)) and density scores (4 (3-5) vs. 2 (1-3)), respectively. The overall diagnostic yield of the combined score (area under the curve 0.86, 95%CI 0.78-0.94) significantly outperformed (

< 0.001) the diagnostic yield of each individual marker. Scores of 4 or 5 in the combined score were associated with a sensitivity of 60.0%, specificity of 90.7%, overall diagnostic accuracy of 81.0%, positive likelihood ratio (LR) of 6.48, negative LR of 0.44, positive predictive value (PV) of 0.76 and negative PV of 0.83.

Combined NCCT marker assessment seems to increase the prognostic accuracy for hematoma expansion in antithrombotic-related spontaneous ICH patients.

Combined NCCT marker assessment seems to increase the prognostic accuracy for hematoma expansion in antithrombotic-related spontaneous ICH patients.Caveolin-3 is a muscle-specific protein on the membrane of myocytes correlated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases. It is now clear that the caveolin-3 plays a critical role in the cardiovascular system and a significant role in cardiac protective signaling. Mutations in the gene encoding caveolin-3 cause a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes, ranging from persistent elevations in the serum levels of creatine kinase in asymptomatic humans to cardiomyopathy. The influence of Caveolin-3(CAV-3) mutations on current density parallels the effect on channel trafficking. For example, mutations in the CAV-3 gene promote ventricular arrhythmogenesis in long QT syndrome 9 by a combined decrease in the loss of the inward rectifier current (IK1) and gain of the late sodium current (INa-L). The functional significance of the caveolin-3 has proved that caveolin-3 overexpression or knockdown contributes to the occurrence and development of arrhythmias. Caveolin-3 overexpression could lead to reduced diastolic spontaneous Ca2+ waves, thus leading to the abnormal L-Type calcium channel current-induced ventricular arrhythmias. Moreover, CAV-3 knockdown resulted in a shift to more negative values in the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide channel 4 current (IHCN4) activation curve and a significant decrease in IHCN4 whole-cell current density. Recent evidence indicates that caveolin-3 plays a significant role in adipose tissue and is related to obesity development. The role of caveolin-3 in glucose homeostasis has attracted increasing attention. This review highlights the underlining mechanisms of caveolin-3 in arrhythmia. Progress in this field may contribute to novel therapeutic approaches for patients prone to developing arrhythmia.Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the mainstay treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI); however, many clinicians are reluctant to perform PCI in the elderly population. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of PCI versus medical therapy in nonagenarian Korean patients with AMI. We compared the clinical outcomes of nonagenarian patients with AMI with or without PCI. From the pooled data, based on a series of Korean AMI registries during 2005-2020, 467 consecutive patients were selected and categorized into two groups the PCI and no-PCI groups. The primary endpoint was 1-year major adverse cardiac event (MACE), a composite of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and any revascularization. Among the 467 participants, 68.5% received PCI. The PCI group had lower proportions of Killip classes III-IV, previous heart failure, and left ventricular ejection fraction <40%, but had higher proportions of all prescribed medications and STEMI diagnosis. The 1-year MACE and all-cause death were higher in the no-PCI group, although partially attenuated post-IPTW.