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The COVID-19 pandemic has placed considerable strain on healthcare workers showing high rates of stress and psychological health problems. Interventions are urgently needed to help healthcare workers perform under conditions of great risk and uncertainty. In particular, healthcare leadership is known to be critical to supporting healthcare workers to deal with an uncertain and distressing healthcare environment. This pilot study evaluated the impact of the R2 resilience program tailored for healthcare leaders working in a highly affected COVID-19 area in Italy. Through two group cohorts, 21 healthcare leaders completed the intervention, with 17 participants providing pre- and post-intervention assessment data. Sixty-two staff members who benefitted from their coordinators' resilience-focused leadership were also included in the study. Findings show that participation in R2 was associated with reduction in levels of perceived stress and burnout symptoms, and increases in rugged qualities, self-efficacy and in social-ecological resilience. Significant changes in rugged qualities, self-efficacy and perceived stress were also detected in staff members. High rates of participants' program satisfaction have been detected. R2 is a promising intervention for healthcare professionals working in emergency settings designed to enhance the rugged qualities and resources required to deal with heightened exposure to stress.The application of Li metal anodes is currently hindered by the uncontrolled growth of Li dendrites. Herein, the effects of a modified separator with a high Li+ transference number (t+ ) on the structure and electrochemical performance of Li metal anodes are reported. Stable and dendrite-free plating/stripping cycles are achieved under current densities up to 5 mA cm-2 and areal capacities up to 20 mAh cm-2 . The uniformly grown Li grains under the high t+ environment also exhibit well-defined textures (preferred orientations). At a low plating capacity, epitaxial growth takes place on the 100 textures already existing in the rolled Li foils and the uniform Li+ flux strengthens this preferred orientation. Increasing the plating capacity to 20 mAh cm-2 , the later-grown textures change to 110 due to the reduced space charges and alleviated transport limits of Li+ under the high t+ environment, which favor the exposure of the close-packed 110 planes. Compression-induced fiber textures are also resolved and the content increases with the plating capacity. Identification of the textures is meaningful for the exploration of advanced epitaxial substrates beyond Cu foils for high-energy-density Li metal batteries. LiS pouch cells are finally evaluated for the potential application of the modified separator.Parkinson's disease (PD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease affecting a large proportion of older adults. Exposure to pesticides like rotenone is a leading cause for PD. To reduce disease progression and prolong life expectancy, it is important to target disease mechanisms that contribute to dopaminergic neuronal atrophy, including mitochondrial dysfunction. Achieving targeted mitochondrial delivery is difficult for many therapeutics by themselves, necessitating higher therapeutic doses that could lead to toxicity. To minimize this adverse effect, targeted nano-carriers such as polyanhydride nanoparticles (NPs) can protect therapeutics from degradation and provide sustained release, enabling fewer administrations and lower therapeutic dose. This work expands upon the use of the polyanhydride NP platform for targeted drug delivery by functionalizing the polymer with a derivative of triphenylphosphonium called (3-carboxypropyl) triphenylphosphonium (CPTP) using a novel method that enables longer CPTP persistence on the NPs. The extent to which neurons internalized both nonfunctionalized and functionalized NPs was tested. Next, the efficacy of these nanoformulations in treating rotenone-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in the same cell line was evaluated using a novel neuroprotective drug, mito-metformin. CPTP functionalization significantly improved NP internalization by neuronal cells. This was correlated with significant protection by CPTP-functionalized, mito-metformin encapsulated NPs against rotenone-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. However, nonfunctionalized, mito-metformin encapsulated NPs and soluble mito-metformin administered at the same dose did not significantly protect cells from rotenone-induced toxicity. These results indicate that the targeted NP platform can provide enhanced dose-sparing and potentially reduce the occurrence of systemic side-effects for PD therapeutics.The cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera Pseudococcidae), is a highly invasive and harmful pest. It causes considerable loss of cotton crops in China, India and Pakistan. Little is known about its bionomics since it was first recorded in Pakistan and India in 2005. Rapid spread of this pest worldwide has accelerated research on its biology, ecology and management. The P. solenopsis has a short life cycle, and optimal temperatures lead to an increase in the number of generations per year, which is a serious threat to cotton crop production. Cotton mealybug is native to the USA, although it has now spread to >43 countries. Insecticidal control is the primary and dominant practice for this pest, and its resistance to commonly used insecticides is increasing. Biocontrol agents have strong potential for the management of nymphal instar stages. We read >250 articles related to our review title and finally reviewed recent advances in the understanding of P. solenopsis biology, ecology and control approaches, aiming to highlight integrated and biological management practices of this pest. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.Observational studies have revealed associations between short leucocyte telomere length (LTL), a TL marker in somatic tissues and multiple Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) traits. Animal studies have supported these findings by showing that increased telomere attrition leads to adipose tissue dysfunction and insulin resistance. We investigated the associations between genetically instrumented LTL and MetS traits using Mendelian Randomisation (MR). Fifty-two independent variants identified at FDR less then 0.05 from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) including 78,592 Europeans and collectively accounting for 2.93% of LTL variance were selected as genetic instruments for LTL. Summary-level data for MetS traits and for the MetS as a binary phenotype were obtained from the largest publicly available GWAS and two-sample MR analyses were used to estimate the associations of LTL with these traits. The combined effect of the genetic instruments was modelled using inverse variance weighted regression and sensitivity analyses with MR-Egger, weighted-median and MR-PRESSO were performed to test for and correct horizonal pleiotropy. Genetically instrumented longer LTL was associated with higher waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (β = 0.045 SD, SE = 0.018, p = 0.01), raised systolic (β = 1.529 mmHg, SE = 0.332, p = 4x10-6 ) and diastolic (β = 0.633 mmHg, SE = 0.222, p = 0.004) blood pressure, and increased MetS risk (OR = 1.133, 95% CI 1.057-1.215). Consistent results were obtained in sensitivity analyses, which provided no evidence of unbalanced horizontal pleiotropy. Telomere shortening might not be a major driver of cellular senescence and dysfunction in human adipose tissue. Future experimental studies should examine the mechanistic bases for the links between longer LTL and increased upper-body fat distribution and raised blood pressure.The marine bacterium Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (Pdd) causes disease in marine animals and in humans. Previous studies demonstrated that mutation of the two-component system RstAB strongly impacts virulence of this pathogen, but the RstAB regulon has not been thoroughly elucidated. We here compared the transcriptomes of Pdd RM-71 and ΔrstA and ΔrstB derivatives using RNA-seq. In accordance with previous studies, RstAB positively regulated cytotoxins Dly, PhlyP and PhlyC. This analysis also demonstrated a positive regulation of outer membrane proteins, resistance against antimicrobials and potential virulence factors by this system. Remarkably, RstAB positively regulated two hitherto uncharacterised gene clusters involved in the synthesis of a polysaccharide capsule. Presence of a capsular layer in wild type cells was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy, whereas rstA and rstB mutants were non-capsulated. Mutants for capsule synthesis genes wza and wzc exhibited acapsular phenotypes, were impaired in resistance against the bactericidal action of fish serum and mucus, and were strongly impaired in virulence for fish, indicating a major role of capsule in virulence. Collectively, this study demonstrates that RstAB is a major positive regulator of key virulence factors including a polysaccharide capsule essential for full virulence in a pathogenic Photobacterium. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.The endosymbiont Wolbachia feminises male isopods by making them refractory to the insulin-like masculinising hormone, which shunts the autocrine development of the androgenic glands. It was, therefore, proposed that Wolbachia silences the IR receptors, either by preventing their expression or by inactivating them. We describe here the two IR paralogs of Armadillidium vulgare. They displayed a conventional structure and belonged to a family widespread among isopods. Av-IR1 displayed an ubiquist expression, whereas the expression of Av-IR2 was restricted to the gonads. check details Both were constitutively expressed in males and females and throughout development. However, upon silencing, altered gland physiology and gene expression therein suggested antagonistic roles for Av-IR1 (androinhibiting) and Av-IR2 (androstimulating). They may function in tandem with regulating neurohormones, as a conditional platform that conveys insulin signalling. Wolbachia infection did not alter their expression patterns leaving the IRs unscathed, the bacteria would suppress the secretion of the neurohormones, thus inducing body-wide IR deactivation and feminisation. Adult males injected with Wolbachia acquired an intersexed physiology. Their phenotypes and gene expressions mirrored the silencing of Av-IR1 only, suggesting that imperfect feminisation stems from a flawed invasion of the androstimulating centre, whereas in fully feminised males invasion would be complete in early juveniles. TAKE AWAY Two antagonistic Insulin Receptors were characterised in Armadillidium vulgare. The IRs were involved in androstimulating and androinhibiting functions. Wolbachia-induced feminisation did not prevent the expression of the IRs. Imperfectly feminised intersexes phenocopied the silencing of Av-IR1 only. Wolbachia would deactivate the IRs by suppressing neurosecretory co-factors.

To compare the spectral performance of four combinations of kVp available in a third generation dual-source CT (DSCT) on abdominal imaging.

An image-quality phantom was scanned with a DSCT using four kVp pairs (tube "A" voltage/tube "B" voltage) 100/Sn150kVp, 90/Sn150kVp, 80/Sn150kVp, and 70/Sn150kVp, classic parameters and dose level for abdomen examination (CTDI

11mGy). The noise power spectrum (NPS) and the task-based transfer function (TTF) of two inserts were computed on virtual monochromatic images (VMIs) at 40/50/60/70keV and for mixed, low-, and high-kVp images. Detectability index (d') was computed on VMIs and mixed images to model the detection task of liver metastasis (LM) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Iodine quantification accuracy was assessed using the Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD

) and the iodine bias (IB).

Noise magnitude decreased by -55%±0% between 40 and 70keV for all kVp pairs. Compared to 70/Sn150kVp, noise magnitude was increased by 9% ±0% with 80/Sn150kVp, by 16% ±1% with 90/Sn150kVp and by 24%±1% with 100/Sn150kVp.

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