Raywilloughby6545

The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) has been extensively used to measure common forms of psychopathology among children and adolescents. However, its psychometric properties vary across countries and several controversial issues warrant further investigation. This study aimed to evaluate whether the Spanish version of the SDQ is a reliable and valid tool for assessing emotional and behavioral problems in a sample of 6,775 students aged 5 to 17 years, as rated by parents, teachers, and youth. We examined the internal consistency of the questionnaire, its factor structure, and measurement invariance across child's gender and age. Criterion validity was tested against the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Teacher's Report Form (TRF), and Youth Self-Report (YSR), and we measured the ability of the SDQ to identify children with specific psychiatric disorders. Finally, we provide, for the first time, Spanish normative data for children aged 5 to 10 and 11 to 17 years, according to gender and each informant. Our results revealed acceptable reliability estimates for all SDQ subscales. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original five-factor model and full measurement invariance was found. Furthermore, SDQ scores showed a moderate to strong correlation with those on the equivalent CBCL/TRF/YSR scales, and were effective in discriminating individuals with and without clinical diagnoses.Despite the connection between self-compassion, shame, and HIV/AIDS health outcomes in the literature, little is known about the relationship among these variables. Shame and self-compassion work independently of each other and experiences of shame can impede one's ability to engage in self-compassionate responses, which could prevent future health declines. Although shame has been found to mediate the relationship between self-compassion and a variety of mental health outcomes, it has not been examined in the context of HIV/AIDS. The purpose of the current study was to examine how shame mediates the relationship of self-compassion and adherence to HIV/AIDS medications, as well as how shame mediates the relationship of self-compassion and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in people living with HIV (PLWH). This is the first study to look at trait-based shame in PLWH in a sample of 34 patients at an urban outpatient integrated care facility for PLWH. Self-compassion was not correlated with HIV adherence behaviors or HRQL, and shame did not mediate the relationship between self-compassion and adherence or HRQL. However as expected, less shame was related to and predicted better HRQL in PLWH. Self-compassion' relationship to shame, adherence, and HRQL may be context dependent.On-the-go beverages that may deliver health, increase stamina, reduce stress and provide longevity have captivated consumers and catapulted the food industry into the era of functional food and beverages. The industry initially responded with rapid growth. However, with time product diversification has become somewhat compromised, since most products contain the same bioactive components. Advancement in product technology has to be backed with research. Mere fortification of tea, juices and water, without any scientific evaluation of their functionality, has to be discouraged. Fruits and vegetable juices are excellent matrices for delivery of physiologically active component. Science backed designing will get us closer to tailoring fruits and vegetable juices into 'smart' beverages. As a case study two fruit-based products, probiotic and fruit wines (non-grape) have been considered here. This review explores the possibility of what more may be done to take the fruit and vegetable beverages to next step.Mobile health (mHealth) has gained considerable interest recently due to its potential to improve health outcomes in developing countries with high outreach yet low costs. Several studies have explored the use of short message service (SMS) reminders to improve antiretroviral (ARV) retention and adherence, with mixed results. The majority of these studies has a quantitative nature and employs randomized designs, which do not provide further qualitative insights about other possible impacts of the messages. Based on the qualitative assessment of an SMS intervention in Burkina Faso, which complemented a (quantitative) Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT), we show that beyond the functional role of improving ARV retention and adherence, SMS messages can also play important symbolic roles in offering psychosocial support to people living with HIV (PLHIV) and improving their perception of life. Concomitantly, we show that sufficient (ICT) literacy skills cannot be taken for granted in resource-poor settings. Finerenone Yet, regardless of (ICT) literacy skills, the symbolism of care was perceived. Furthermore, we highlight the importance of complementing quantitative evidence of mHealth interventions with qualitative assessments.Using current best evidence to make decisions can improve outcomes of public health. Thus, establishing the capacities of evidence-based public health (EBPH) has become one of the core competences. To better scale up EBPH movement, efforts should focus on introduction of EBPH into school curriculum. However, data indicating the extent to which EBPH is used in universities are scant. In the current study, we conducted a nationwide questionnaire survey to investigate the perceptions toward EBPH among full-time teachers and senior undergraduates at all universities with a Department of Public Health in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed by post to all potential participants of 9 universities in 2017. Questions included items related to awareness, knowledge, skills, behaviors, and barriers of EBPH. Results showed teachers were more aware of EBPH than students. In addition, teachers more often had sufficient knowledge and skills of EBPH, and more often applied the findings to decision-making after critical appraisal than students. Furthermore, personal barriers toward EBPH were more common in students than teachers. In conclusion, there are differences in awareness, knowledge, skills, behaviors, and barriers of EBPH between teachers and students. The data suggest that an initiative of systematically teaching EBPH to undergraduates is important.Bioremediation with genetically modified microalgae is becoming an alternative to remove metalloids and metals such as cadmium, a contaminant produced in industrial processes and found in domestic waste. Its removal is important in several countries including Mexico, where the San Luis Potosi region has elevated levels of it. We generated a construct with a synthetic gene for γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase and employed it in the chloroplast transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. In dose-response kinetics with media containing from 1 to 20 mg/L of cadmium, both the transplastomic clone and the wild-type strain grew similarly, but the former removed up to 32% more cadmium. While the growth of both decreased with higher concentrations of cadmium, the transplastomic clone removed 20 ± 9% more than the wild-type strain. Compared to the wild-type strain, in the transplastomic clone the activity of glutathione S-transferase and the intracellular glutathione increased up to 2.1 and 1.9 times, respectively, in media with 2.5 and 10 mg/mL of cadmium. While 20 mg/L of cadmium inhibited the growth of both, the transplastomic clone gradually duplicated. These results confirm the expression of the synthetic gene gshA in the transformed strain as revealed in its increased removal uptake and metabolic response.There is a growing industry and regulatory need to detect host cell protein (HCP) impurities in the production of protein biopharmaceuticals, as certain HCPs can impact product stability, safety, and efficacy, even at low levels. In some cases, regulatory agencies require the identification and the quantification of HCPs in drug products (DPs) for risk assessment, and this is an active and growing topic of conversation in the industry and amongst regulators. In this study, we developed a sensitive, robust, and reproducible workflow for HCP detection and quantification in a significantly shorter turnaround time than that previously reported using an Evosep ONE LC system coupled to an Orbitrap Fusion Lumos mass spectrometer. Because of its fast turnaround time, this HCP workflow can be integrated into process development for the high-throughput (60 samples analyzed per day) identification of HCPs. The ability to rapidly measure HCPs and follow their clearance throughout the downstream process can be used to pinpoint sources of HCP contamination, which can be used to optimize biopharmaceutical production to minimize HCP levels. Analysis of the NIST monoclonal antibody reference material using the rapid HCP profiling workflow detected the largest number of HCPs reported to date, underscoring an improvement in performance along with an increased throughput. The HCP workflow can be readily implemented and adapted for different purposes to guide biopharmaceutical process development and enable better risk assessment of HCPs in drug substances and DPs.Materials and devices with tunable dry adhesion have many applications, including transfer printing, climbing robots, and gripping in pick-and-place processes. In this paper, a novel soft device to achieve dynamically tunable dry adhesion via modulation of subsurface pneumatic pressure is introduced. Specifically, a cylindrical elastomer pillar with a mushroom-shaped cap and annular chamber that can be pressurized to tune the adhesion is investigated. Finite element-based mechanics models and experiments are used to design, understand, and demonstrate the adhesion of the device. Specifically, the device is designed using mechanics modeling such that the pressure applied inside the annular chamber significantly alters the stress distribution at the adhered interface and thus changes the effective adhesion strength. Devices made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with different elastic moduli were tested against glass, silicon, and aluminum substrates. Adhesion strengths (σ0) ranging from ∼37 kPa (between PDMS and glass) to ∼67 kPa (between PDMS and polished aluminum) are achieved for the nonpressurized state. For all cases, regardless of the material and roughness of the substrates, the adhesion strength dropped to 40% of the strength of the nonpressurized state (equivalent to a 2.5× adhesion switching ratio) by increasing the chamber pressure from 0.3σ0 to 0.6σ0. Furthermore, the strength drops to 20% of the unpressurized strength (equivalent to a 5× adhesion switching ratio) when the chamber pressure is increased to σ0.The strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) is one of the most important concepts in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein we report a study of Pt-TiO2 SMSI using Pt/rutile TiO2(110) model catalysts with different Pt particle sizes by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ion scattering spectroscopy, and the adsorption of probe molecules. The acquired results unambiguously demonstrate a size dependence of the Pt-TiO2 SMSI, in which SMSI occurs barely between supported Pt clusters and the TiO2(110) substrate but obviously between supported Pt nanoparticles and the TiO2(110) substrate. Such a size-dependent SMSI could be associated with size-dependent electronic structures of the supported Pt particles. These results highlight the sensitivity of the SMSI to the size of supported metal particles, which greatly advances the fundamental understanding.