Ramseycurrie7257

To investigate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of

isolates from snakes in Hunan Province.

The partial mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (

) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (

) genes were amplified using a PCR assay in 7

isolates from snakes in Hunan Province and the amplification product was sequenced. The homology and genetic evolution were investigated using the software DNAMAN 7.0, MegAlign, DnaSP 5.0 and MEGA 5.0.

The

and

gene sequences were approximately 578 bp and 484 bp in length in the 7

isolates from Hunan Province, and the percentages of genetic variations were 0 to 2.8% and 0 to 0.8%, respectively. There were 4 haplotypes detected in both the

and

genes, with global haplotype diversities of 0.810 ± 0.016 and 0.905 ± 0.011, nucleotide diversities of 0.006 ± 0.005 and 0.004 ± 0.003, and mean nucleotide variations of 3.960 and 1.905, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all 7

isolates from snakes in Hunan Province were clustered into the same branch with

isolates from different regions/hosts in the world, which belonged to

, which were close to

and far from other tapeworms.

There is a low genetic variation in snake-derived

isolates from Hunan Province, and both

and

genes may be potential molecular genetic markers for identification of

.

There is a low genetic variation in snake-derived S. erinaceieuropaei isolates from Hunan Province, and both pnad4 and pnad5 genes may be potential molecular genetic markers for identification of S. erinaceieuropaei.

To explore the mechanism of the intestinal barrier damage caused by

infections in rats.

Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, and the 1-, 3-, 6- and 9-week-infection groups, of 6 rats in each group. Rats in each infection group were orally infected with

trophozoites at a density of 2 × 10

parasites per rat, and the control group was given an equal volume of phosphate buffered saline solution. The 7-hour urine samples were collected 1, 3, 6 and 9 weeks post-infection for the measurement of the intestinal permeability. Then, rats were sacrificed using the cervical dislocation method, and the cecum specimens were collected for the detection of the intestinal epithelial cell permeability. TGF-beta family The expression of tight junction-related

and

genes and apoptosis-related

and

genes was quantified in cecum epithelial cells using the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay, and cell apoptosis was detected in the rat cecum using the TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (ek-infection groups, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (

= 22.95,

< 0.01).

infection may cause an increase in the rat intestinal permeability through triggering the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells to destroy the tight junction between intestinal epithelial cells, thereby destroying the intestinal barrier function.

B. hominis infection may cause an increase in the rat intestinal permeability through triggering the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells to destroy the tight junction between intestinal epithelial cells, thereby destroying the intestinal barrier function.

To examine the relationship between serum vitamin D level and immune imbalance in advanced schistosomiasis patients with liver fibrosis.

A total of 120 advanced schistosomiasis patients with liver fibrosis that were admitted to the Department of Schistosomiasis of The First Hospital of Jiaxing City from May 2016 to September 2018 were recruited as the observation group, and 50 healthy volunteers randomly sampled from the hospital during the same period served as the control group. The serum IgG antibody, IgA antibody, C3 complement, C4 complement, CD4

cell proportion, CD8

cell proportion, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were compared between the two groups. Liver fibrosis was classified into grade I, II and III according to the classification criteria of liver fibrosis by ultrasonography, and the serum IgG antibody, IgA antibody, C3 complement, C4 complement, CD4

proportion, CD8

proportion, 25(OH)D levels were compared among patients with grade I, II and III liver fibrosis. In addition, all p liver fibrosis.

Immune imbalance occurs in advanced schistosomiasis patients with liver fibrosis, and serum vitamin D level may correlate with immune imbalance in advanced schistosomiasis patients with liver fibrosis.

To investigate the spatial-temporal characteristics of reported schistosomiasis cases in China from 2004 to 2017, so as to provide insights into the development of different schistosomiasis control strategies at various stages.

The monthly data of reported schistosomiasis cases at a provincial level of China from 2004 to 2017 were collected from the Public Health Science Data Center, and the spatial-temporal distribution of reported schistosomiasis cases was preliminarily identified using a descriptive statistical method. According to the goals at different stages proposed by

, a Bayesian interrupted time-series model was established to analyze the provincial reported incidence, time trend and seasonal variations of schistosomiasis in China at different stages.

The reported schistosomiasis cases were mainly concentrated in 5 provinces of Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hubei and Hunan and 2 provinces of Sichuan and Yunnan in China from 2004 to 2017, and the number of reported cases in endemic areas decreasedifferent control stages. Bayesian interrupted time-series model is effective to identify the spatial-temporal changes of schistosomiasis, and the schistosomiasis control strategy may be adjusted according to the spatial-temporal changes to improve the schistosomiasis control efficiency.

The spatial-temporal characteristics of schistosomiasis in China, notably seasonality, vary at different control stages. Bayesian interrupted time-series model is effective to identify the spatial-temporal changes of schistosomiasis, and the schistosomiasis control strategy may be adjusted according to the spatial-temporal changes to improve the schistosomiasis control efficiency.