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Heart failure (HF), as a major cardiac disease, is associated with considerable mortality, morbidities and poor quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of l-arginine supplementation on cardiac outcomes and quality of life in patients with ischemic HF.

This double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 50 patients with ischemic HF. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 3 gr/d l-arginine or placebo, for 10 weeks. Cardiac function (based on echocardiography and six-minute walk test), blood pressure, and quality of life (based on the Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire) were assessed.

The results showed significant improvements in ejection fraction (-6.5±8.7 vs.-0.7±7.8%, P=0.037), left ventricular function (P=0.043), diastolic dysfunction (P=0.01) and marginally improvement in changes of left ventricular dimension during diastole (LVDd) (4±6 vs. 0.3±6.9mm, P=0.065) in the l-arginine compared to the placebo group. At the end of the t.ir) with IRCT20170202032367N4 code.

The question whether the proportion of energy provided by fat and carbohydrates in the diet is associated with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) is an important public health issue, but determining causality is difficult in epidemiological studies.

Using a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) in both a univariable and multivariable setting, we aimed to determine whether the relative proportion of different macronutrients in the diet (in % of total energy intake (E%)) is causally related to BMI and WC and vice versa.

All analyses were based on genome-wide association studies including 268,922 Europeans with dietary data (SSGAC Consortium) and at least 232,101 with anthropometric measures (GIANT Consortium). An inverse-variance weighted approach using modified second-order weights within the radial regression framework was performed. Radial MR-Egger, weighted median and mode, Robust Adjusted Profile Score (RAPS), and Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (PRESSO) methods weein intake (E%) by 0.078 SD (95% CI 0.035, 0.121; P-value=4⋅10

). Sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings revealing consistent effect estimates.

Using genetic information to improve causal inference we found evidence, that a low relative carbohydrate proportion (E%) and a high proportion of fat (E%) in the diet is causally related to a higher BMI and a higher WC. Further research considering carbohydrate, fat, and protein quality and possible consequences on micronutrient intake is needed to define the implications for dietary intake recommendations.

Using genetic information to improve causal inference we found evidence, that a low relative carbohydrate proportion (E%) and a high proportion of fat (E%) in the diet is causally related to a higher BMI and a higher WC. Further research considering carbohydrate, fat, and protein quality and possible consequences on micronutrient intake is needed to define the implications for dietary intake recommendations.

Ultra-processed food and drink products (UPF) consumption has been associated with obesity and its-related comorbidities. Excess of visceral fat, which appears with increasing age, has been considered as the culprit contributing to adiposity-associated adverse health outcomes. However, none of previous studies elucidated the link between UPF and directly quantified adiposity and its distribution. We aimed to prospectively investigate the association between concurrent changes in UPF consumption and objectively assessed adiposity distribution.

A subsample of 1485 PREDIMED-Plus participants (Spanish men and women aged 55-75 years with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome) underwent body composition measurements. Consumption of UPF at baseline, 6 and 12 months was evaluated using a validated 143-item semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Food items (g/day) were categorized according to their degree of processing using NOVA system. see more Regional adiposity (visceral fat (in g) and android-to-gynoid fistered at the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial (ISRCTN http//www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870) with number 89898870 and registration date of 24 July 2014, retrospectively registered.

The trial was registered at the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial (ISRCTN http//www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870) with number 89898870 and registration date of 24 July 2014, retrospectively registered.

To investigate the relationship between maternal serum fatty acid levels and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) subtypes across pregnancy.

A total of 680 singleton mothers enrolled in the Complex Lipids in Mothers and Babies (CLIMB) study in Chongqing, China were included. Clinical information and serum samples were collected at gestational weeks (GWs) 11-14, 22-28, and 32-34. 75g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) was conducted at GW 24-28 and GDM subtypes divided into three groups using International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) guidelines criteria elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG group; n=59); 1-h and/or 2-h post-load glucose (1h/2h-PG group; n=94); combined group (FPG&1h/2h-PG group; n=42). Non-GDM pregnancies were included (n=485) as controls. Twenty fatty acids were quantified in serum using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis.

Overall, most serum fatty acid concentrations increased rapidly from the first to second trimester, followed by a pnsidering GDM subtypes for the individualised management of GDM in pregnancy. ALA and DHA in early pregnancy are associated with a higher risk of FPG-GDM subtype. This has widespread implications when recommending n-3 PUFAs supplementation for women with GDM.

The aim was to generate a predictive equation to assess body composition (BC) in children with obesity using bioimpedance (BIA), and avoid bias produced by different density levels of fat free mass (FFM) in this population.

This was a cross-sectional validation study using baseline data from a randomized intervention trial to treat childhood obesity. Participants were 8 to 14y (n=315), underwent assessments on anthropometry and BC through Air Displacement Plethysmography (ADP), Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry and BIA. They were divided into a training (n=249) and a testing subset (n=66). In addition, the testing subset underwent a total body water assessment using deuterium dilution, and thus obtained results for the 4-compartment model (4C). A new equation to estimate FFM was created from the BIA outputs by comparison to a validated model of ADP adjusted by FFM density in the training subset. The equation was validated against 4C in the testing subset. As reference, the outputs from the BIA device were also compared to 4C.